addis ababa university computer science thesis

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ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES COLLEGE OF NATURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Railway Infrastructure Health Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Networks

The continuous miniaturization process of computing devices featuring wireless technologies influences our everyday life. With the popularity of laptops, cell phones, PDAs, GPS devices, RFID, and intelligent electronics in the post-PC era, computing devices have become cheaper, more mobile, more distributed, and more pervasive in daily life. The emergence of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is essentially the latest trend of Moore's Law toward the miniaturization and ubiquity of computing devices. Wireless Sensor Networks are composed of devices of reduced size, self-powered and with wireless transmission capabilities. Because of these features this technology has been recognized as promising for a large variety of monitoring and surveillance applications. In this thesis, we presented the details of an application that makes use of WSNs to monitor railway infrastructures. The WSN collects information about the structural health and behavior of the infrastructure when a train trav...

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Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

Manuel Díaz

Victoria Hodge , Mike Weeks , Simon O'Keefe

In recent years, the range of sensing technologies has expanded rapidly, whereas sensor devices have become cheaper. This has led to a rapid expansion in condition monitoring of systems, structures, vehicles, and machinery using sensors. Key factors are the recent advances in networking technologies such as wireless communication and mobile ad hoc networking coupled with the technology to integrate devices. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used for monitoring the railway infrastructure such as bridges, rail tracks, track beds, and track equipment along with vehicle health monitoring such as chassis, bogies, wheels, and wagons. Condition monitoring reduces human inspection requirements through automated monitoring, reduces maintenance through detecting faults before they escalate, and improves safety and reliability. This is vital for the development, upgrading, and expansion of railway networks. This paper surveys these wireless sensors network technology for monitoring in the railway industry for analyzing systems, structures, vehicles, and machinery. This paper focuses on practical engineering solutions, principally, which sensor devices are used and what they are used for; and the identification of sensor configurations and network topologies. It identifies their respective motivations and distinguishes their advantages and disadvantages in a comparative review.

Mehrdad Maeen

Given the importance of using the railway networks for the reliable and safe transportation of goods and passengers, which plays an important role in the economy of rail transport of the country, it is necessary to use wireless sensor network techniques to raise the quality and quantity and also maintain the application of these facilities for better control and optimal use of relevant technologies in this regard. Regarding the development of wireless sensor networks for collecting and processing environmental information, we intended to employ them in order to maintain railways, and also prevent defects that might occur in mobile machines and parts, as well as to avoid probable events and reduce human errors. Considering the limited capacity of batteries for sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network, energy efficiency is an important issue; thus mobile sinks are presented as a possible solution. In this study, the proposed routing uses Ring Routing and an optimization gravitational...

Paul Fidler

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Article history: Received 16 April 2015 Accepted 12 June 2015 Available online 1 July 2015

rohan jambhulkar

Advances in Bridge Engineering

One of the most critical components of the US transportation system is railroads, accommodating transportation for 48% of the nation’s total modal tonnage. Despite such vital importance, more than half of the railroad bridges, an essential component of railroad infrastructure in maintaining the flow of the network, were built before 1920; as a result, bridges comprise one of the most fragile components of the railroad system. Current structural inspection practice does not ensure sufficient information for both short- and long-term condition assessment while keeping the operation cost low enough for mandatory annual inspection. In this paper, we document the development process of an autonomous, affordable system for monitoring railroad bridges using the wireless smart sensor (WSS) so that a complete end-to-end monitoring solution can provide relevant information directly from the bridges to the end-users. The system’s main contribution is to capture the train-crossing event efficie...

Bhawani Shankar Chowdhry

IRJET Journal

Railways comprise a large infrastructure and are an important mode of transportation in many countries. The railways have become a new means of transportation owing to their capacity, speed, and reliability, being closely associated with passenger and goods transportation; they have high risk associated with them in terms of human lives and cost of assets. In this review, several wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications are proposed for use in railway station systems, including advanced WSNs, which will enhance security, safety, and decision-making processes to achieve more cost-effective management in railway stations, as well as the development of integrated systems. The size, efficiency, and cost of WSNs are influential factors that attract the railway industry to adopt these devices in this paper, different kinds of rail defects inspection and maintenance methods are described and a basic algorithm is readdressed that makes use of wireless acoustic sensors for detecting cracks and breakages in the railway tracks.

Vigneshwari Rajagopal

Railways are considered as the safest mode of transportation. But, thousands of people die due to train accidents. Derail and collision occur every ninety minutes. More than 10,000 such accidents had occurred over last eight years. Human error, signal misperception, system failure, improper maintenance of tracks and points are considered to be the main reasons. Many of such major accidents happen that could have been completely preventable by controlling the train parameters. In this paper, a survey on various technologies such as Wireless Sensor network and Embedded system which could be efficiently used to prevent such accidents along with their advantages and challenges are presented so that enhanced security could be achieved in rail transportation.

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