creative writing sa pagsulat

• pagpepresyo

8 Mga Halimbawa ng Malikhaing Pagsulat na Magpapasigla sa Iyong Henyo sa Pagsusulat

Jane Ng • 15 Nobyembre 2023 • 6 basahin

Naghahanap ng ilan mga halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat para mag-apoy sa iyong imahinasyon? Nakarating ka sa tamang lugar! Ikaw man ay isang naghahangad na manunulat na naghahanap ng inspirasyon, o isang mag-aaral na naglalayong pahusayin ang iyong mga kasanayan sa malikhaing pagsulat, nasasakupan ka namin. Sa post sa blog na ito, magbibigay kami ng mga halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat, tuklasin ang iba't ibang istilo, at diskarte, at magpapakita ng ilang tunay na kagila-gilalas na mga piraso. 

Kaya, simulan natin ang ating pakikipagsapalaran sa mundo ng pagkamalikhain at pagpapahayag.

Talaan ng nilalaman

Ano ang malikhaing pagsulat, mga uri ng malikhaing estilo ng pagsulat, key takeaways, mga faq tungkol sa mga halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat, higit pang mga tip sa ahaslides.

• Anim na Mga Hat sa Pag-iisip
• Ano ang System Thinking?

Naghahanap ng Malikhaing Presentasyon?

Ipunin ang mga miyembro ng iyong koponan sa pamamagitan ng isang interactive na pagsusulit sa AhaSlides. Mag-sign up para kumuha ng libreng pagsusulit mula sa AhaSlides template library!

Malikhaing pagsulat ay ang sining ng paggamit ng mga salita upang ipahayag ang mga kaisipan, ideya, at damdamin sa mapanlikha at natatanging mga paraan. Ito ay isang anyo ng pagsulat na higit pa sa teknikal at kumbensyonal na mga aspeto ng pagsulat tulad ng gramatika at istruktura, sa halip ay nakatuon sa pagkuha ng esensya ng pagkukuwento at personal na pagpapahayag.

Sa malikhaing pagsulat, may kalayaan ang mga manunulat na mag-imbento ng mga karakter, setting, at plot, na nagpapahintulot sa kanilang pagkamalikhain na dumaloy nang walang mga hadlang ng mahigpit na mga tuntunin o alituntunin. Ang anyo ng pagsulat na ito ay maaaring magkaroon ng iba't ibang anyo, kabilang ang mga maikling kwento, tula, nobela, dula, at higit pa na ating tutuklasin sa susunod na seksyon.

Ang malikhaing pagsulat ay sumasaklaw sa iba't ibang istilo, bawat isa ay may natatanging katangian at layunin. Narito ang ilang karaniwang uri ng malikhaing istilo ng pagsulat:

• Fiction: Pagkukuwento gamit ang mga naimbentong karakter, plot, at setting sa mga genre tulad ng misteryo, romansa, science fiction, fantasy, flash fiction at literary fiction.
• Mga tula: Mapapahayag na pagsulat gamit ang rhyme, meter, at matalinghagang wika upang ihatid ang mga damdamin at imahe, kabilang ang mga anyo tulad ng mga soneto, haikus, at libreng taludtod.
• Drama/Pagsusulat ng Dula: Gumagawa ng mga script para sa mga pagtatanghal sa teatro, nagsasama ng diyalogo, mga direksyon sa entablado, at pagbuo ng karakter para sa mga produksyon sa entablado.
• Creative Nonfiction: Pinagsasama-sama ang mga katotohanan sa mga diskarte sa pagsasalaysay ng pagkukuwento upang lumikha ng mga nakakaengganyong personal na sanaysay, memoir, at pagsulat ng paglalakbay.
• Pagsusulat ng senaryo: Pagbuo ng mga script para sa mga pelikula at telebisyon, pagsunod sa isang partikular na format, at kasama ang mga eksena, diyalogo, at direksyon ng camera.
• Maikling kwento: Mga maiikling salaysay na tumutuklas sa mga iisang tema na may mahusay na nabuong mga karakter at plot sa loob ng limitadong bilang ng salita.
• Pag-blog: Paglikha ng nilalamang pinag-uusapan at nauugnay, pinagsasama-sama ang mga personal na karanasan, opinyon, at impormasyon, na sumasaklaw sa malawak na hanay ng mga paksa at format.
• Pagsulat ng kanta: Gumagawa ng mga lyrics at melodies upang ihatid ang mga damdamin at mga kuwento sa pamamagitan ng musika, paghahalo ng wika sa melody sa isang natatanging malikhaing anyo.

1/ Flash Fiction – Mga Halimbawa ng Maikling Malikhaing Pagsulat:

Ang Six-Word Story ni Ernest Hemingway:

" Pinag bibili: Sapatos Pambata, hindi pa nasusuot. "

Ang nakakaantig na anim na salita na kuwentong ito ay kadalasang iniuugnay kay Hemingway, bagama't ang tunay na may-akda nito ay pinagtatalunan. Anuman, ipinapakita nito ang kapangyarihan ng flash fiction na maghatid ng kumpletong salaysay gamit lamang ang ilang salita. Sa kasong ito, ito ay nagsasabi ng isang nakakasakit na kuwento ng pagkawala at hindi natupad na mga pag-asa sa isang kapansin-pansing maigsi na paraan.

2/ Mga Halimbawa ng GCSE Creative Writing:

Narito ang isang halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat ng GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). Ang mga gawain sa malikhaing pagsulat ng GCSE ay kadalasang nangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral na ipakita ang kanilang kakayahang gumawa ng mga nakakaakit na salaysay.

Gawain: Ang Hindi Inaasahang Bisita

“Isipin mong nasa bahay ka mag-isa kapag maulan na gabi. Ang iyong mga magulang ay nasa labas, at ikaw ay abala sa isang libro. Biglang may kumatok sa pinto. Wala kang inaasahan na sinuman, at huli na ang oras. Sumulat ng maikling kuwento (mga 300-400 salita) tungkol sa susunod na mangyayari.”

3/ Haiku Poetry – Mga Halimbawa ng Malikhaing Pagsulat:

Ang Haikus ay isang tradisyunal na anyo ng tula ng Hapon na kilala sa kanilang kaiklian at pagtutok sa kalikasan at sa pagbabago ng mga panahon. Ang bawat haiku ay karaniwang binubuo ng tatlong linya na may pattern ng pantig na 5-7-5, na ginagawa itong isang maikli ngunit nakakapukaw na anyo ng malikhaing pagpapahayag.

Matsuo Bashō (1644-1694):

"Isang lumang tahimik na lawa...

Isang palaka ang tumalon sa lawa—

Splash! Katahimikan ulit.”

4/ Screen Writing – Mga Halimbawa ng Creative Writing:

Ang screenwriting ay isang natatanging paraan ng malikhaing pagsulat na nagbibigay-buhay sa mga kuwento sa malaki at maliliit na screen. Narito ang ilang sikat na halimbawa ng screenwriting mula sa mga iconic na pelikula at serye sa TV:

1/ Pelikula – "Lumabas" (2017) Iskrip - Isinulat ni Jordan Peele:

Pinagsasama ng senaryo ni Jordan Peele ang horror at social commentary, na ginagawang "Get Out" ang isang nakaka-isip at nakakagigil na cinematic na karanasan.

2/ Serye sa TV – "Breaking Bad" (2008-2013) – Nilikha ni Vince Gilligan:

Ang screenplay ni Vince Gilligan para sa "Breaking Bad" ay mahusay na naglalarawan sa pagbabago ng isang guro sa kimika sa high school, si Walter White, bilang isang drug lord. Ipinagdiriwang ang serye para sa pag-unlad ng karakter nito at kalabuan sa moral.

5/ Playwriting – Mga Halimbawa ng Malikhaing Pagsulat:

Ang mga dulang ito ay kumakatawan sa magkakaibang hanay ng mga istilo at tema sa loob ng mundo ng pagsulat ng dula. Nagkaroon sila ng malaking epekto sa teatro at patuloy na ginaganap at pinag-aaralan sa buong mundo.

1/ "Romeo at Juliet" ni William Shakespeare:

Ang walang hanggang trahedyang ito ay nagsasaliksik sa mga tema ng pag-ibig at tunggalian sa pagitan ng mga Montague at ng mga Capulet. Isa ito sa mga pinakasikat na dula ni Shakespeare, na kilala sa patula nitong wika at hindi malilimutang mga karakter.

2/ "Pagkamatay ng isang Salesman" ni Arthur Miller:

Ang klasikong dula ni Arthur Miller ay sumasalamin sa American Dream at ang pagkadismaya ng isang naglalakbay na tindero na nagngangalang Willy Loman. Ipinagdiriwang ito para sa paggalugad nito sa kalagayan ng tao at sa paghahanap ng tagumpay.

6/ Personal na Sanaysay – Mga Halimbawa ng Malikhaing Pagsulat:

Personal na sanaysay ang mga halimbawa ay nagpapakita kung paano maaaring gumuhit ang mga manunulat mula sa kanilang sariling mga karanasan sa buhay upang lumikha ng mga nakakaengganyo na salaysay na sumasalamin sa mga mambabasa.

1/ “Isang Paglalakbay sa Pagtuklas sa Sarili”

Sa personal na sanaysay na ito, ang may-akda ay sumasalamin sa isang transformative backpacking trip sa pamamagitan ng mga bundok. Isinalaysay nila ang mga pisikal at emosyonal na hamon na kinaharap sa paglalakbay at kung paano humantong ang mga hamong ito sa malalim na pagtuklas sa sarili at paglago. Sinasaliksik ng sanaysay ang mga tema ng katatagan, pagsisiyasat ng sarili, at ang kapangyarihan ng kalikasan upang magbigay ng inspirasyon sa personal na pagbabago.

2/ “Mga Aral mula sa Kusina ng Aking Lola”

Ang personal na sanaysay na ito ay nagdadala sa mga mambabasa sa mga alaala ng pagkabata ng may-akda sa paggugol ng oras sa kanilang lola sa kusina. Sa pamamagitan ng matingkad na paglalarawan ng mga ritwal sa pagluluto at pagtitipon ng pamilya, sinasalamin ng may-akda ang mahahalagang aral sa buhay at pamana ng kultura na ipinasa sa mga henerasyon. Ang sanaysay ay humipo sa mga tema ng pamilya, tradisyon, at kahalagahan ng pagpapanatili ng pagkakakilanlan ng kultura.

7/ Blogging – Mga Halimbawa ng Malikhaing Pagsulat:

Narito ang ilang sikat na halimbawa ng mga blog na kilala sa kanilang malikhain at nakakaengganyong istilo ng pagsulat:

1/ Wait But Why ni Tim Urban:

Teka Ngunit Bakit ay kilala sa mga malalalim nitong artikulo at nakakaaliw na mga infographic na nag-e-explore ng malawak na hanay ng mga paksa, mula sa agham at teknolohiya hanggang sa pilosopiya at pag-uugali ng tao.

2/ Cup of Jo ni Joanna Goddard:

Cup ng Jo ay isang lifestyle blog na nagtatampok ng maalalahanin at nauugnay na nilalaman sa mga relasyon, pagiging magulang, paglalakbay, at higit pa. Ang istilo ng pagsulat ni Joanna Goddard ay mainit at kaakit-akit.

8/ Songwriting – Mga Halimbawa ng Creative Writing:

Narito ang tatlong sikat na halimbawa ng songwriting na kilala sa kanilang malikhain at nakakaimpluwensyang lyrics:

1/ “Bohemian Rhapsody” ni Queen:

Ang epic at operatic na "Bohemian Rhapsody" ng Queen ay nagtatampok ng masalimuot na lyrics na nagsasabi ng isang kumplikadong salaysay at lumikha ng isang walang hanggang obra maestra ng rock.

2/ "Kahapon" ng The Beatles:

Ang "Yesterday" ng The Beatles ay isang klasikong ballad na may introspective na lyrics na tuklasin ang mga tema ng nostalgia at nawalang pag-ibig.

3/ “What's Going On” ni Marvin Gaye:

Ang "What's Going On" ni Marvin Gaye ay isang socially conscious na kanta na may lyrics na tumutugon sa mga isyu tulad ng digmaan, racism, at environmental concerns.

Sa pamamagitan ng kapangyarihan ng mga salita, maaaring dalhin ng mga manunulat ang mga mambabasa sa malalayong mundo, pukawin ang malalim na emosyon, at magbahagi ng malalim na mga insight. Sa buong paggalugad na ito ng mga halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat, nasaksihan namin ang magkakaibang tapiserya ng mga posibilidad, mula sa nakakabighaning mga personal na sanaysay hanggang sa walang hanggang tula, mula sa mga nakakaakit na screenplay hanggang sa kaakit-akit na liriko ng kanta.

Isa ka mang batikang manunulat o nagsisimula pa lang sa iyong malikhaing paglalakbay, ang susi ay nakasalalay sa pag-unlock ng iyong imahinasyon at pagpayag na malayang dumaloy ang iyong mga ideya. Kaya't huwag kalimutan iyon AhaSlides nagbibigay ng isang dynamic na platform para sa malikhaing pagsulat, nag-aalok interactive na mga tampok na maaaring mapahusay ang iyong pagkukuwento. Gumagawa ka man ng isang mapang-akit na pagtatanghal, nagsasagawa ng workshop, o naghahanap ng feedback sa iyong trabaho, binibigyang kapangyarihan ka ng AhaSlides na makipag-ugnayan sa iyong audience sa mga bago at kapana-panabik na paraan.

Ano ang magandang halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat?

Ang isang tanyag na halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat ay ang pambungad na talata ng nobela ni Charles Dickens na " Ang isang kuwento ng Dalawang Lungsod " "Ito ang pinakamagagandang panahon, ito ang pinakamasamang panahon, ito ang kapanahunan ng karunungan, ito ang kapanahunan ng kahangalan, ito ang kapanahunan ng paniniwala, ito ay ang kapanahunan ng kawalan ng paniwala, ito ay ang panahon ng Liwanag, ito ang panahon ng Kadiliman, ito ang tagsibol ng pag-asa, ito ay ang taglamig ng kawalan ng pag-asa, nasa harap natin ang lahat, wala tayong nauna sa atin, lahat tayo ay diretso sa Langit, lahat tayo ay diretso sa kabilang direksyon— sa madaling salita, ang panahon ay napakalayo tulad ng kasalukuyang panahon, anupat ang ilan sa pinakamaingay nitong mga awtoridad ay nagpilit na tanggapin ito, para sa kabutihan o para sa kasamaan, sa pinakamataas na antas ng paghahambing lamang.”

Halimbawa ba ng malikhaing pagsulat ang taludtod?

Oo, ang isang taludtod ay maaaring maging isang magandang halimbawa ng malikhaing pagsulat. Ang malikhaing pagsulat ay sumasaklaw sa isang malawak na hanay ng mga anyo at istilo, at tiyak na isa na rito ang tula o taludtod.

Ref: Study.com

Isang manunulat na gustong lumikha ng praktikal at mahalagang nilalaman para sa madla

Higit pa mula sa AhaSlides

Creative Writing / Malikhaing Pagsulat

Fine lines : writing poetry, fiction and drama

Author: Cayanan, Mark Anthony R.

Publisher: Sibs Publishing

Copyright Year: 2016

Book Status: Available (1)

Unit 1 : Poetry

Unit 2 : Fiction

Unit 3 : Drama

Reserve Book

Malikhaing pagsulat

Author: Camba, Moreal Nagarit

Publisher: Vibal Group

Yunit 1 : Pahapyaw sa Sulyap sa Malikhaing Pagsulat Pagbasa at Pagsulat ng Tula

Yunit 2 : Maikling Kwento : Teknik at mga Kagamitang Pampanitikan

Yunit 3 : Dula : Teknik at mga Kagamitang Pampanitikan

Yunit 4 : Pandayan ng Malilikhaing Akda

Author: Villaruel, Rosie R.

Yunit 1 : Malikhaing Pagsulat

Yunit 2 : Pagbasa at Pagsulat ng Tula

Yunit 3 : Pagbasa at Pagsulat ng Maikling Kuwento

Yunit 4 : Pagbasa at Pagsulat ng Dulang Iisahing Yugto

Yunit 5 : Ang Malikhaing Akda sa Sosyo-Politikal na Proyekto

College of Arts and Letters

University of the philippines diliman, kolehiyo ng arte at literatura.

Undergraduate Programs

Students may choose from among ten major fields under the Bachelor of Arts program: Araling Pilipino, Art Studies, Comparative Literature, Creative Writing, English Studies, European Languages, Filipino, Malikhaing Pagsulat sa Filipino, Speech Communication, and Theatre Arts. Some programs provide further concentrations or specializations.

Two of the CAL's departments have been recognized as National Centers of Excellence by the Philippine Commission on Higher Education (CHED). These are the Department of English and Comparative Literature for its English language program and literature program and the Department of Filipino and Philippine Literature for its program in Filipino and its program in literature. The Department of Speech Communication and Theatre Arts has been recognized as an Outstanding Institution for Humanities by the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP).

Department of Art Studies

Ba art studies (art history).

This track offers a broad perspective of art history across cultures using a multi-disciplinary approach. It also aims to enable critique of the practice of art history itself, from the canonical to the critical.

BA Art Studies (Interdisciplinary)

This track grounds the students in art studies while giving them the opportunity to choose courses from related disciplines in the humanities and social sciences, allowing for a broader perspective of art studies and its applications in other fields.

BA Art Studies (Philippine Art)

This track focuses on the study of Philippine art and the discourses that shape its numerous forms, practice, and reception within changing contexts. Students in this track acquire a strong foundation in Philippine art.

Department of English and Comparative Literature

Ba comparative literature.

Comparative Literature stresses the use of Philippine and Southeast Asian Cultures as matrix for comparative studies in literary theory, gender studies, etc. It encourages the study of works in the original language and simultaneously promotes translation as an access to other cultures. Its cross-cultural, intertextual approach to the various national/regional literatures enriches the student’s encounter with varied cultural texts.

Areas of Concentration: Asian Literature

European literatures, philippine literatures in english and in english translation, ba creative writing.

Creative Writing offers training in various approaches and techniques in the writing of fiction, poetry, essay, and drama. These courses are taught by multi-awarded and published writers expert at honing the skills of young writers.

BA English Studies: Language

English Studies: Language trains the students in the theoretical and  practical aspects of language use. It includes courses on language study, approaches to a College English Program, and integrative studies in language and literature.

BA English Studies: Literature

English Studies: Literature (undergraduate) & English Studies: Anglo-American Literature (graduate) focuses on studies in British and American literatures within the contexts of historical, cultural, and literary developments in Britain and in the United States. Likewise offered are studies in the writings of women and of cultural/ethnic minority groups (e.g., Asian-American).

Department of European Languages

BA European Languages

Major in French/Italian/

German/Spanish;

Minor in German/Russian/Italian/

French/Portuguese/Spanish

Minor in a non-EL discipline

The BA (European Languages) (BA EL) program was instituted in 1976.  In 2002, it underwent a major revision that involved the institution of new courses, changes in course descriptions, and deletion of courses. Under the revised program, students must choose either Plan 1 or Plan 2.  All students major in one of the following European languages:  French, Italian, German, or Spanish (FIGS).  Students in Plan 1 study another European language:  German, Russian, Italian, French, Portuguese, or Spanish (GRIFPS).  Students in Plan 2 study another non-EL discipline:  English, Comparative Literature, Creative Writing, Filipino, Panitikan ng Pilipinas, Speech Communication, Theater Arts, Art Studies, Social Sciences, Philosophy, Theory in Fine Arts, Reading, Teaching in the Early Grades, Language Teaching, Communication Research, and Tourism.

In 2012, the program was again revised to incorporate the hybrid GE program of the University of the Philippines, Diliman.  In the past several years, much has occurred in the field of language learning that compelled us to update our curriculum in order to remain relevant and effective.  An ad hoc Curriculum Revision Committee was formed in 2013 followed by four curriculum revision workshops from 2014 to 2017 aimed at evaluating our program and discussing changes to the curriculum through Academic Program Improvement (API) grants.  In these workshops, we considered not only the current teaching trends in foreign language pedagogy but also feedback on the program collated from various stakeholders.  While the department continued working on its program revisions, a fast track version of the program, which adopted the 2017 UP General Education program, was approved in 2018.

The present curriculum, approved during the 155th UPD University Council on 02 September 2019, was created to integrate the BA (European Languages) program into the academic framework of the University by instituting and revising several courses.  The BAEL program objectives are the following:

distinguish different critical lenses through which they understand themselves, other cultures and the world;

design and implement undergraduate research work and understand their role as contributors to the production of knowledge;

apply their knowledge and skills in foreign language education, literary and cultural studies, and translation studies, which they will need as professionals in their chosen field; and

demonstrate B2 language proficiency in order to linguistically and pragmatically communicate with various nationals.  At this level, students can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialization, express him/herself fluently, use the language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes, and produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects.

There were five major factors that influenced our approach to the curricular revisions of 2019:

The adoption of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) as an international standard for validating an individual’s language ability;

The realization of the ASEAN economic integration, which enabled increased mobility of faculty and students within the region and more rigorous benchmarking of courses and programs;

Recent developments in foreign language pedagogy with a three-pronged source: other academic institutions (local and international), reflexive pedagogy at the department level, and student feedback;

Increased fluidity in online and offline spaces, which has fostered global interaction and the generation of more professional opportunities for language experts, facilitated extensive language contact, and transformed the consumption of information.

The revision of the UP General Education program as a result of the nationwide implementation of the K-12 Basic Education Program.

Departamento ng Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas

BA Malikhaing Pagsulat sa Filipino

Ang B.A. Malikhaing Pagsulat ay pang-apat na taong programang magsisilbing daluyan ng pormal na kasanayang akademiko para sa mga manunulat sa wikang pambansa. Layon ng programang ito na mabigyan ang mga estudyante ng masinsinang kasanayan sa mga batayang prinsipyo at pamamaraan sa malikhaing pagsulat sa iba’t ibang anyo, kaalaman sa mga tradisyong pampanitikan ng Pilipinas, at maipaunawa ang mga katangian ng Filipino bilang kasangkapan para sa malikhaing pamamahayag.

BA Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas

Ang B.A. Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinasay isang pang-apat na taong programang may layuning mabigyan ang mga estudyante ng kaalaman sa kasaysayan ng pag-ulad ng pambansang wikang Filipino at panitikan ng Pilipinas sa konteksto ng kalagayan at lipunang Pilipino, pag-unawa sa kalikasan at gamit ng wika sa lipunang Pilipino at sa mga teorya at kritikal na lapit sa pag-aaral ng panitikan, at kasanayan sa kritikal na pagsusuri ng wika at panitikan ng Pilipinas.

BA Philippine Studies

(Araling Pilipino)

Natatangi ang B.A. Philippine Studies (Araling Pilipino) sa pagsasanay ng estudyante sa interdisiplinari na pag-aaral ng kultura at lipunang Pilipino. Isa itong pang-apat na taong programa na nakaangkla sa mga susing kursong interdisiplinari at mga sandigang kurso sa wika, panitikan, at kasaysayan sapagkat itinuturing ang mga ito na tagapagdala ng kultura sa kabuuan.

Sa tulong ng isang tagapayo, makakapagdisenyo ang estudyante ng sariling programang naaayon sa kaniyang interes. Bukod sa mga susing kurso, pipili ang estudyante ng alinmang dalawang disiplina mula sa Arte at Literatura, Agham Panlipunan, Community Development, Economics, Fine Arts, Islamic Studies, Mass Communication, Music at iba pa para bumuo ng 39 yunit ng mga kursong pang-major.  

Department of Speech Communication and Theatre Arts

BA (Speech Communication)

The BA (Speech Communication) program aims to develop knowledge and competence in understanding the study of human interaction and its use of verbal and nonverbal symbols that impact different communicative phenomena. To date, we offer two tracks: Rhetoric & Performance and Interpersonal & Instructional Communication. 

Graduates of this program are expected to demonstrate a high level of scholarship, critical thinking, creative expression, social responsiveness, and ethics in various professional settings including  education and training, public relations, government institutions, non-government organizations, and other communication-related industries.

Students enrolled in the Bachelor of Arts (Speech Communication) program must complete a total of 132 units. The program has two areas of concentration: (1) rhetoric and performance; and (2) interpersonal and instructional communication.

BA (Theatre Arts)

The curriculum of the Theatre Arts undergraduate program leans towards intellectual praxes through practice-based-research and performance-led-research activities and critical interrogations of theatre and performance as socio-cultural idioms for the understanding of the self, society and culture. To date, we offer five areas of specializations: theatre and performance studies, performance, dramaturgy and directing, theatre management, technical theatre and design.

Regardless of areas of concentration, all students must take 33 units of GE courses, 54 units of Core/Foundational Courses, 6 units of Foreign Language electives, 6 units of Theatre Electives, 12 units of Non-Theatre Electives, 3 units of Legislated Course.

Introduction to Philosophy Method of Philosophizing Quarter 1 Week 5

Computer systems servicing nc ii quarter 1 – module 2/week 2-3: assessing own work and engaging in quality improvement, entrepreneurship quarter 1 — module 2 recognize a potential market, entrepreneurship quarter 1 — module 1 introduction to entrepreneurship, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world module 1: geographic, linguistic and ethnic dimensions of philippine literary history from pre-colonial to the contemporary, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world module 2: conventional and 21st century genres, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world module 3: context and text’s meaning, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world module 4: creative representation of a literary text, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world module 5: elements of a short story, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world quarter 2 – module 6: writing a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts applying a reading approach, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world quarter 2 – module 7: differentiating 21st century literary genres, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world quarter 2 – module 8: creative literary adaptations, 21st century literature from the philippines and the world quarter 2 – module 9: flash fiction: the plot, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 1: local materials used in creating art, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 1: state and non-state institutions, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 2: functions and importance of education, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 3: concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 4: government programs and suggestions in addressing social inequalities, contemporary philippine arts from the region quarter 2 – module 6: new challenges in contemporary societies, disaster readiness and risk reduction disaster readiness and risk reduction module (pivot), disaster readiness and risk reduction module 10: hazard: its impact, identification and risk assessment, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 11: earthquake hazards and risk reduction methods, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 14: interpret earthquake hazard map, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 16: signs of impending volcanic eruption, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 1: basic concept of disaster and disaster risk, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 2: risk factors underlying disasters, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 3: disasters and its effects, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 4: disasters from different perspectives, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 5: vulnerability, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 6: vulnerability in disaster, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 7: vulnerabilities of different elements exposed to hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 8: effects of hazard, exposure and vulnerability to disaster risks, disaster readiness and risk reduction module 9: hazard and its types, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 10: fire hazards: concepts and causes, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 11: fire hazards and related concepts, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 12: response procedure during a fire incident, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 13: fire emergency and evacuation plan, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 14: key concepts, principles and elements of drr, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 17: community preparedness plan, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 18: survival kits and materials, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 1: geological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 2: causes of other related geological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 3: signs of other related geological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 4: interpretation of geological maps, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 5: mitigation strategies: a prevention to loss of lives and properties, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 6: hydrometeorological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 7: hydrometeorological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 8: monitoring tools for hydrometeorological hazards, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2 – module 9 the elements of fire triangle, disaster readiness and risk reduction quarter 2: module 15 recognize the importance of drr on one’s life, disaster readiness and risk reductionquarter 2 – module 19: policies of drrm - the philippine drrm law ra 10121 and its implementing rules and regulations, earth and life science earth and life science (pivot), earth and life science module 10: movements of plates and formation of folds and faults, earth and life science module 11: formation of rock layers, earth and life science module 12: relative and absolute dating, earth and life science module 13: geologic time scale: relative and absolute dating, earth and life science module 14: geologic timeline, earth and life science module 15: geologic processes and hazards, earth and life science module 16: geologic processes and hazards, earth and life science module 17: geologic processes and hazards, earth and life science module 18: hydrometeorological phenomena and hazards, earth and life science module 19: marine and coastal processes, earth and life science module 1: origin and structure of the earth (planet earth), earth and life science module 20 mitigation to coastal processes and hazards, earth and life science module 2: origin and structure of the earth (the subsystem), earth and life science module 3: minerals, earth and life science module 4: rocks, earth and life science module 5: exogenic processes, earth and life science module 6: the earth’s internal heat, earth and life science module 7: magmatism, earth and life science module 8: changes in mineral components and texture of rocks (metamorphism), earth and life science module 9: igneous rocks: how are they formed, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 21: evolving concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 22: unifying themes in the study of life, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 23: perpetuation of life, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 24: genetic engineering, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 25: benefits of genetically modified organisms, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 26: organ systems of representative animals, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 27: organ systems of representative animals, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 28: the process of evolution, earth and life science quarter 2 – module 29: the process of evolution, earth science (pivot module), earth science module 4: classification of rocks, earth science module 5: important minerals to society, earth science module 6: ore minerals: how they are found, mined, and processed for human use, earth science module 7: formation of fossil fuels, earth science quarter 2 – module 10: different methods of determining the age of stratified rocks, earth science quarter 2 – module 11: relative and absolute dating, earth science quarter 2 – module 12: describe how index fossils (also known as guide fossils) are used to define and identify subdivisions of the geologic time scale, earth science quarter 2 – module 13: the history of earth, earth science quarter 2 – module 1: weathering, earth science quarter 2 – module 2: earth’s internal heat sources, earth science quarter 2 – module 3: endogenic processes: plutonism and volcanism, earth science quarter 2 – module 4: metamorphism, earth science quarter 2 – module 6: seafloor spreading, earth science quarter 2 – module 8: movement of plates, earth science quarter 2 – module 9: how layers of rocks (stratified rocks) are formed, earth science quarter 2 – week 4: structure and evolution of ocean basins, earth science quarter 2 –module 5 rock behaviors under stress, general mathematics module 10: solving real-life problems involving rational functions, equations, and inequalities, general mathematics module 11: one-to-one functions, general mathematics module 12: the inverse of one-to-one functions, general mathematics module 14: domain and range of inverse functions, general mathematics module 15: solving real-life problems involving inverse functions, general mathematics module 17: exponential functions, equations and inequalities, general mathematics module 18: solving exponential equations and inequalities, general mathematics module 1: functions, general mathematics module 20: domain and range of exponential functions, general mathematics module 26: domain and range of logarithmic functions, general mathematics module 27: intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes of logarithmic functions, general mathematics module 28: solving real-life problems involving logarithmic functions, equations and inequalities, general mathematics module 2: evaluating functions, general mathematics module 3: operations on functions, general mathematics module 4: solving real- life problems involving functions, general mathematics module 5: rational functions, equations and inequalities, general mathematics module 6: solving rational equations and inequalities, general mathematics module 7: representations of rational functions, general mathematics module 8: the domain and range of a rational functions, general mathematics module 9: intercepts, zeroes and asymptotes of rational functions, general mathematics pivot module in general mathematics, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 10: market indices for stocks and bonds, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 11: business and consumer loans, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 12: solving problems on business and consumer loans, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 13: propositions, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 14: simple and compound propositions, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 15: logical operators, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 16: truth values of propositions, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 17: logical equivalence and conditional propositions, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 18: tautologies and fallacies, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 19: validity of categorical syllogisms, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 1: simple and compound interests, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 20: valid arguments and fallacies, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 2: interest, maturity, future, and present values in simple and compound interests, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 3: solving problems involving simple and compound interest, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 4: simple and general annuities, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 5: future and present values of simple and general annuities, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 6: fair market value of a cash flow, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 7: deferred annuity, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 8: stocks and bonds, general mathematics quarter 2 – module 9: different markets for stocks and bonds, introduction to philosophy of the human person doing philosophy, introduction to philosophy of the human person module 2.1: methods of philosophizing, introduction to philosophy of the human person module 2.2 methods of philosophizing, introduction to philosophy of the human person module 3: the human person as an embodied spirit, introduction to philosophy of the human person module 4: the human person in the environment, introduction to philosophy of the human person quarter 2 – module 1: freedom and responsibility, introduction to philosophy of the human person quarter 2 – module 2: intersubjectivity, introduction to philosophy of the human person quarter 2 – module 3: human person and society, introduction to philosophy of the human person quarter 2 – module 4: human person and death, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan – modyul 1: wika sa panayam at balita sa radyo at telebisyon, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 13: pagsusuri sa pananaliksik, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 2: sitwasyong pangwika sa social media, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 3: sitwasyong pangwika sa pelikula at dula, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 4: sitwasyong pangwika sa larangan ng edukasyon, pamahalaan, at kalakalan, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 5: sitwasyong pangwika sa panahon ng modernisasyon, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 6: rehistro at barayti ng wika, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 7: pagsusuri ng mga teksto gámit ang social media, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 8: wika sa konteksto ng radyo at telebisyon, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan–modyul 9: kakayahang lingguwistiko, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan— modyul 10: kakayahang komunikatibo ng mga filipino, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan— modyul 11: kakayahang pragmatiko, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan— modyul 14: hakbang sa pagsulat ng pananaliksik, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan— modyul 15: pag-uugnay ng mga ideya, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino ikalawang markahan—modyul 16: pagsulat ng panimulang pananaliksik, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino kalawang markahan— modyul 12: pagsulat ng kritikal na sanaysay, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 1-wika (kahulugan at kabuluhan ng wika), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 10: pagtalakay ng iba’t ibang indibidwal ukol sa wikang pambansa, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 11: pananaw ng iba’t ibang awtor sa wikang pambansa, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 12: sanaysay, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 13: sanhi at bunga, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 2: konseptong pangwika (wikang pambansa, wikang opisyal, wikang panturo, at multilingguwalismo), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 3: konseptong pangwika (homogenous at heterogenous na wika), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 4: konseptong pangwika (rehistro/barayti ng wika, lingguwistikong komunidad), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 5: mga konseptong pangwika, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 6: gamit ng wika sa lipunan (instrumental at regulatori), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 7: gamit ng wika sa lipunan (pasalita), komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 8: paraan ng paggamit ng wika sa lipunan, komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang pilipino modyul 9: kasaysayan ng wikang pambansa, media and information literacy grade 12 (pivot), media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 1: the power of media and information, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 2: current and future trends in media and information, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 3: implications of media and information, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 4: text and visual dimensions of information and media, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 5: audio and motion dimensions of information and media, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 6: manipulative and multimedia dimensions of information and media, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 7: producing multimedia content, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 8: evaluating multimedia, media and information literacy quarter 2 – module 9: creative content creation, oral communication in context module 1-functions, nature and process of communication, oral communication in context module 2: communication models, oral communication in context module 3: strategies to avoid communication breakdown, oral communication in context module 5: types of speech context, oral communication in context module 6: types of speeches and speech style, oral communication in context module 7: types of speech act, oral communication in context oral communication in context (pivot), oral communication in context quarter 2 – module 1: types of communicative strategy, oral communication in context quarter 2 – module 2: understanding speech context, speech style, speech act and communicative strategy, oral communication in context quarter 2 – module 3: principles of effective speech writing and delivery, pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik (pivot), pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik ikaapat na markahan–modyul 2: pagbibigay-kahulugan sa mga konseptong kaugnay ng pananaliksik, pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik ikaapat na markahan–modyul 3: proseso sa pagsulat ng pananaliksik, pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik ikaapat na markahan–modyul 4: lohikal at ugnayan ng mga idea sa pagsulat ng pananaliksik, pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik ikaapat na markahan–modyul 5: pagbuo ng isang maikling pananaliksik sa mga napapanahong isyu, pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik ikaapat na markahan—modyul 1: pagsusuri ng ilang halimbawang pananaliksik sa filipino batay sa layunin, gamit, metodo, at etika ng pananaliksik, personal development (pivot), personal development module 25: plan on how to make the family members firmer and gentler with each other, personal development quarter 2 – module 17: teen-age relationships including the acceptable and unacceptable expressions of attractions, personal development quarter 2 – module 18: personal relationship – attraction, love, and commitment, personal development quarter 2 – module 19: becoming responsible in personal relationships, personal development quarter 2 – module 21: social influence, personal development quarter 2 – module 22: conduct a mini-survey on filipino relationships (family, school, and community), personal development quarter 2 – module 23: family structures and legacies, personal development quarter 2 – module 24: make a genogram and trace certain physical, personality, or behavioral attributes through generations, personal development quarter 2 – module 26: factors influence career planning and decision making, personal development quarter 2 – module 27: career options based on career development concepts and personal life goals, personal development quarter 2 – module 28: identifying career option leading to attaining one’s personal goal, personal development quarter 2 – module 29: factors in personal development: guide in making important career decisions, personal development quarter 2 – module 30: importance of personal development in making a career decision, personal development quarter 2 – module 31 creative visualization of personal development through the various stages that you went through, personal development quarter 2 – module:20 various roles of different individuals in society and how they can influence people through their leadership or followership, physical science module 1-formation of heavy elements, physical science module 10: limiting reactants and the amount of products formed, physical science module 11: how energy is produced and managed, physical science module 12: active ingredient(s) of cleaning products used at home, physical science module 13: use of the other ingredients in cleaning agents, physical science module 2: concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of new elements in the laboratory, physical science module 3: polarity of molecules, physical science module 4: polarity of molecules and its properties, physical science module 5: general types of intermolecular forces, physical science module 6: effects of intermolecular forces on properties of substances, physical science module 7: biological macromolecules, physical science module 8: collision theory and chemical reaction rate, physical science module 9: catalyst, physical science physical science (pivot), physical science quarter 2 – module 1 ancient astronomy, physical science quarter 2 – module 10 the wave nature of light, physical science quarter 2 – module 11 various light phenomena, physical science quarter 2 – module 12 radio waves, physical science quarter 2 – module 13: special theory of relativity, physical science quarter 2 – module 14: the consequences of the postulates of special relativity theory, physical science quarter 2 – module 15 general theory of relativity, physical science quarter 2 – module 16 how the speeds and distances of far-off objects are estimated (e.g., doppler effect and cosmic distance ladder), physical science quarter 2 – module 17:how we know that we live in an expanding universe, physical science quarter 2 – module 2: examples of astronomical phenomena before the advent of telescopes, physical science quarter 2 – module 3 modern astronomy, physical science quarter 2 – module 4 the aristotelian and galilean conceptions of vertical, horizontal, and projectile motions, physical science quarter 2 – module 5 how galileo inferred that objects in vacuum fall in uniform acceleration, physical science quarter 2 – module 6 understanding newton’s first law of motion, physical science quarter 2 – module 7: propagation of light, physical science quarter 2 – module 8: photon concept and its practical application, physical science quarter 2 – module 9 dual nature of electrons, reading and writing skills pivot-module, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 4: hypertext and intertext, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 5: critical reading as reasoning, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 6: formulating evaluative statements, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 7: determining textual evidence, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 8: composing academic writing, reading and writing skills quarter 4 – module 9: composing professional correspondence, statistics and probability module 10: identifying appropriate test statistic involving population proportion, statistics and probability module 11: identifying appropriate rejection region involving population proportion, statistics and probability module 12: computing test statistic value involving population proportion, statistics and probability module 13: drawing conclusions about population proportion based on test statistic value and rejection region, statistics and probability module 14: solving problems involving test of hypothesis on population proportion, statistics and probability module 15: illustrating the nature of bivariate data, statistics and probability module 16: constructing a scatter plot, statistics and probability module 17: describing the shape (form), trend (direction), and variation ( strength) based on a scatter plot, statistics and probability module 18: calculating the pearson’s sample correlation coefficient, statistics and probability module 19: solving problems involving correlation analysis, statistics and probability module 1: testing hypothesis, statistics and probability module 20: identifying dependent and independent variables, statistics and probability module 2: identifying parameters for testing in given real-life problems, statistics and probability module 3: formulating appropriate null and alternative hypotheses on a population mean, statistics and probability module 4: identifying appropriate test statistics involving population mean, statistics and probability module 5: identifying the appropriate rejection region for a given level of significance, statistics and probability module 6: computing test statistic on population mean, statistics and probability module 7: drawing conclusion about population mean based on test statistic value and critical region, statistics and probability module 8: solving problems involving test of hypothesis on population mean, statistics and probability module 9: formulating appropriate null and alternative hypotheses on a population proportion, statistics and probability pivot-module, understanding culture, society and politics (pivot), understanding culture, society and politics quarter 2 – module 1: state and non-state institutions, understanding culture, society and politics quarter 2 – module 2: functions and importance of education, understanding culture, society and politics quarter 2 – module 3: concept, characteristics and forms of stratification systems, understanding culture, society and politics quarter 2 – module 4: government programs and suggestions in addressing social inequalities, understanding culture, society and politics quarter 2 – module 6: new challenges in contemporary societies.

Ano ang Pagsulat? Kahulugan at Halimbawa

Sa ating pang-araw-araw na buhay, ang pagsulat ay isang napakahalagang kasanayan na ginagamit natin upang maipahayag ang ating mga kaisipan, damdamin, at impormasyon sa iba.

Sa pamamagitan ng pagsusulat, nagkakaroon tayo ng kapangyarihan na makapag-ambag sa lipunan, makapagpahayag ng mga ideya, at mapanatili ang kasaysayan at kultura ng ating bansa.

Sa artikulong ito, ating pag-aaralan ang kahulugan, kahalagahan, at mga paraan ng pagsusulat.

Mga Nilalaman

Kahulugan ng Pagsulat

Ang pagsulat ay isang proseso ng paglikha ng mga salita, simbolo, o mga karakter sa papel, tela, o iba pang mga medium.

Ito ay isang paraan ng komunikasyon at pagpapahayag ng mga ideya at impormasyon.

Ang pagsulat ay hindi lamang naglilimita sa pagsusulat ng mga tula, sanaysay, o nobela.

Ito rin ay nagpapahintulot sa atin na magsulat ng mga liham, ulat, pagsusuri, at iba pang mga dokumento na kailangan sa iba’t ibang larangan.

Kahalagahan ng Pagsusulat

Ang pagsusulat ay may malaking papel sa pag-unlad ng isang indibidwal at ng isang lipunan.

Ito ang nagbibigay daan upang maipahayag natin ang ating mga saloobin, ideya, at karanasan sa mundo.

Sa pamamagitan ng pagsusulat, nagiging malinaw ang ating mga hangarin at adhikain, at mas maihahatid natin ito sa iba.

Ang pagsusulat ay nagpapalawak din ng ating kaalaman at pag-unawa sa iba’t ibang paksa.

Sa pamamagitan ng pagsulat, nagiging mas mapanuri tayo at mas malalim ang ating pag-iisip.

Mga Paraan ng Pagsusulat

May iba’t ibang paraan ng pagsusulat na ginagamit depende sa layunin at paksa ng pagsusulat. Narito ang ilan sa mga pangunahing paraan ng pagsusulat:

a. Pagsulat ng Sanaysay

Ang sanaysay ay isang pagsulat na naglalaman ng opinyon, pagsusuri, at impormasyon.

Ito ay isang malayang anyo ng pagsulat kung saan maipapahayag ng manunulat ang kanyang kuro-kuro at pananaw sa isang partikular na paksa.

b. Pagsulat ng Balita

Ang pagsulat ng balita ay isang uri ng pagsulat na naglalayong maghatid ng mga impormasyon sa publiko.

Ito ay nagpapahayag ng mga pangyayari, kaganapan, at mga isyu na may kaugnayan sa lipunan, pulitika, ekonomiya, at iba pa.

Ang pagsulat ng balita ay dapat obhetibo, malinaw, at bukas sa mga iba’t ibang perspektiba.

c. Pagsulat ng Teknikal na Dokumento

Ang pagsulat ng teknikal na dokumento ay karaniwang ginagamit sa mga larangan ng agham, teknolohiya, at negosyo.

Ito ay naglalaman ng mga impormasyon na may kaugnayan sa mga proseso, instruksiyon, at mga detalye na kailangan upang maunawaan at maisagawa ang mga gawain sa isang sistematikong paraan.

d. Pagsulat ng Pananaliksik

Ang pagsulat ng pananaliksik ay isang proseso ng pagsusuri, pag-aaral, at paglikha ng mga akademikong papel na naglalayong magbigay ng malalim na kaalaman at solusyon sa mga problemang pang-akademiko o pang-istruktura.

Ito ay kadalasang sinusundan ng mahabang panahon ng pag-aaral, paghihimay, at pagbasa ng mga sanggunian.

e. Pagsulat ng Kuwento o Nobela

Ang pagsulat ng kuwento o nobela ay isang sining na naglalayong maghatid ng kasiyahan, pagpapalawak ng imahinasyon, at pagpapahayag ng mga karanasan at kuwento ng mga tauhan.

Ito ay isang paraan ng paglikha ng mundo na puno ng mga tauhan, lugar, at mga pangyayari na nagbibigay-buhay sa mga damdamin at karanasan ng mga mambabasa.

Pag-unlad ng Pagsusulat

Tulad ng iba pang kasanayan, ang pagsusulat ay nangangailangan ng patuloy na pag-unlad at pagsasanay.

Mahalaga na maglaan ng oras at pagtutuunan ng pansin ang pagsusulat upang mas mapaunlad ang kakayahan nito.

Ang pagbabasa ng mga magagandang akda at pagsusuri sa mga ito ay makatutulong upang masuri at malaman ang iba’t ibang estilo ng pagsusulat.

Ang pagsasalin ng mga akda mula sa ibang wika patungo sa Tagalog ay isa ring mabisang paraan upang mas mapahusay ang husay sa pagsulat.

Sa kabuuan, ang pagsulat ay isang mahalagang kasanayan na nagpapahintulot sa atin na magpahayag, magbahagi, at mag-ambag sa lipunan.

Ito ay isang malaking sandata na may kakayahang impluwensiyahan ang iba at magdulot ng positibong pagbabago.

Sa pamamagitan ng pagsusulat, nagkakaroon tayo ng pagkakataon na maipahayag ang ating kaisipan at maging bahagi ng pag-unlad ng ating bansa

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Kidding Herself is written from the point of view of a five year old girl and is a child’s guide to going out in Moscow. Herself moved to Moscow from London in 2015 with her British Mama, her Russian Papa and her AngloRusski Big Brother. Find out what she thinks about the Kremlin, Red Square, the zoo, more art galleries than she thinks are strictly necessary and the giant Central Children’s Store.

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Mostly the funny notes of Iva coping with Russian life and culture!

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5. The Apartment of Dostoevsky

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Shooter Files by f.d. walker

Street Photography Tips, Interaction, Travel, Guides

Apr 24 2017

City Street Guides by f.d. walker: A Street Photography Guide to Moscow, Russia

*A series of guides on shooting Street Photography in cities around the world. Find the best spots to shoot, things to capture, street walks, street tips, safety concerns, and more for cities around the world. I have personally researched, explored and shot Street Photography in every city that I create a guide for. So you can be ready to capture the streets as soon as you step outside with your camera!

At over 12 million people, Moscow is the largest city in Russia and second largest in Europe by population ( Istanbul is #1). An urban, cosmopolitan metropolis with more than enough glitz and glam to cater to the elite, but without losing its fair share of Soviet era roughness around the edges. It can be fast paced, brash, busy, and trendy like other big cities, but it has its blend of West meets Russia atmosphere and beauty that provides plenty of unique interest. The Red Square is as famous as it gets, but there’s so much more to this city, including the most beautiful subway system you’ve ever seen. It would take years to capture all of Moscow, but that means you have an endless amount of areas to discover.

So here’s a Street Photography guide so you can be ready to capture all that Moscow has to offer before you even arrive!

• Patriarch’s Pond
• Old Arbat Street
• Maroseyka Street
• Tverskoy Boulevard

Top 5 Street Spots:

1. red square.

The Red Square is the most famous square in not just Russia, but all of Eastern Europe. The name actually doesn’t come from the color of the bricks or communism, but from the name in Russian, Krásnaya, once meaning “beautiful” before its meaning changed to “red.” This large plaza is what you see on the cover of guide books and magazines for Moscow, with St. Basil’s Cathedral being the center piece next to Lenin’s Mausoleum surrounded by the Kremlin Wall. Of course, the Red Square attracts hordes of tourist due to the main attractions, but all that activity around an interesting atmosphere does provide street photo opportunities. It’s also the central square connecting to the city’s major streets, providing a good starting point to explore outward.

You’ll also find the popular pedestrian only Nikolskaya Street connecting the Red Square to Lubyanka Square. This line of expensive shops includes plenty of activity, while also leading you to another popular square. Filled with history rivaling any city, the Red Square and surrounding areas are the heart and soul of Russia.

2. Patriarch’s Ponds

Patriarch’s Ponds is one of the most exclusive neighborhoods in Moscow. Despite the name being plural, there’s only one large pond, but it’s worth a visit with your camera. It’s a popular spot for locals and expats to come relax or take a stroll around the pond. You get an interesting mix of young and old too, from young love to “babushkas” feeding pigeons. It’s a very peaceful park atmosphere in one of the nicer areas within the city center, while bringing enough activity for street photography. 

The pond is shallow and in the winter becomes a popular spot for ice-skating too. The area is also well-known for the location in the famous Russian novel, The Master and Margarita. 

3. Old Arbat (Stary Arbat)

Old Arbat is the most famous pedestrian street in Moscow, and dating back to the 15th century, also one of its oldest. Originally, it was an area of trade, but soon became the most prestigious residential area in Moscow. During the 18th century, Arbat started attracting the city’s scholars and artists, including Alexander Pushkin. Cafes lined the streets and impressive homes filled the neighborhood. Since then, New Arbat street was created as a highway in the area, while Old Arbat was paved for a 1km pedestrian only walkway.

Due to the historic buildings, famous artists that lived here, and the bohemian atmosphere, Old Arbat has become a big attraction for tourists today. Now, there’s a mix of cafes, restaurants, souvenir shops, street performers, street merchants and other attractions for visitors, and some locals, to come enjoy. It can get really busy here and there’s usually something interesting going on so it’s a good street to come walk with your camera for guaranteed life.

4. Gorky Park

One of the most famous places in Moscow is Gorky Park. The official name is Maxim Gorky’s Central Park of Culture & Leisure, which gives you an idea of what goes on here. When built, it was the first of its kind in the Soviet Union. Divided into two parts, it stretches along Moscow River. One end contains fair rides, foods stands, tennis courts, a sports club, a lake for boat rides, and more. This end brings more active life due to its number of attractions, while the other end is more relaxed, where you’ll find gardens, trees, older buildings, and an outdoor amphitheater.

Gorky Park attracts mostly locals so it’s a good spot to capture the non-tourist side of Moscow life. Muscovites come here to escape the city and unwind in a picturesque setting. The park remains alive outside of the warmer months too, especially when the lake turns into the city’s largest outdoor skating rink. I’d recommend taking the metro out here to spend at least half a day exploring the massive park’s life with your camera.

5. Maroseyka Street

Maroseyka Street is a popular area not too far from the Red Square. The long, winding street turns into Pokrovka and is lined with restaurants, cafes, bars and places to stay. It’s actually where I like to stay when I’m in Moscow due to its location and solid street photography opportunities itself. You have Kitay-gorod station near and if you keep walking southwest, you’ll get to the Red Square. But if you walk northwest, as it changes to Pokrovka, you can find a long street of activity for photography with its own interesting atmosphere.

6. Tverskoy Boulevard

Tverskoy Boulevard is the oldest and longest boulevard in Moscow, beginning at the end of Nikitsky Boulevard, and finishing at Pushkin Square, a spot to come for activity itself. The boulevard is made up of two avenues, with pedestrian walkways in-between. You’ll find grass, shrubbery, trees, benches and more walking it’s almost kilometer length. Many people come here to enjoy some relaxation, walk their dog, or just to use it to walk wherever they’re going. Its center location also provides a nice place to walk with your camera near plenty of other spots you’ll want to check out anyway.

Sample Street Walk:

For a full day of Street Photography, covering some of the best spots, you can follow this sample street walk for Moscow:

• Start your morning walking around the Red Square (1), while exploring the surrounding area, including Nikolskaya Street
• Then walk northwest to Patriarch’s Ponds (2) and slowly walk the pond and surrounding area with your camera
• Next, walk east to the Pushkin Monument and stroll down Tverskoy Boulevard (6)
• Once Tverskoy Boulevard (6) ends, it will turn into Nikitsky Boulevard. Follow this down until you get to the start of Old Arbat Street (3), across from Arbatskaya station
• After you’re done walking down Old Arbat Street (3) for more street photography, spend some time checking out Moscow’s beautiful metro stations
• To finish off the day with more street photography, get off the metro near Red Square (1) again, Maroseyka Street (5) or wherever you’re staying for the night.

3 Things I’ll Remember about Shooting in Moscow:

1. museum metro.

The Moscow metro system was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union and today includes 203 stations across 340km of routes. The elaborate system has some of the deepest stations in the world too, with escalators that seem to go on forever. None of this is what makes it so special, though. Many of its stations feel like stepping inside a museum, making it without a doubt the most interesting and beautiful metro system I’ve been in.

When built, Stalin wanted to make the metro stations “palaces for the people” with marble, chandeliers, and grand architecture. The best part is the variety of architecture and styles used, making many of the stations a completely different experience visually. You could easily spend a whole day traveling the stations and there are even tours available for people who wish to do just that. My advice, though, would be just to buy a ticket and hop on and off at different stations, while exploring different lines. The museum-like surrounding mixed with the crowds of characters can make for a great photography experience.

Since there are so many stations, here are some of my favorites to check out:

• Novoslobodskaya
• Mayakovskaya
• Elektrozavodskaya
• Komsomolskaya
• Ploschad Revolyutsii
• Dostoyevskaya
• Prospekt Mira

2. Moscow is Big

It’s no secret that Moscow is a big city, but it can feel even bigger with how spread out much of it is. This is especially true if you compare it to cities outside of Asia. If I compared it to cities in Europe, I’d probably say only Istanbul would warrant more time to really discover the depths of this city. Most only explore around the Red Square and surrounding area, but that is such a small part of the city. Although, that central area does give you plenty to see on its own.

Fortunately, I had a good friend living in the city to show me around, but it opened up my eyes even more to how much there is to discover in Moscow. It’s a big city with a variety of atmosphere that can take you from “east” to “west” and trendy to rugged depending on where you go. I’d imagine you’d have to live here a while to really know the city.

3. Cosmopolitan Mix of East meets West

Modern skyscrapers mixed with amazing architecture, a world-class metro system with museum-like beauty, trendy fashion and chic clubs, Moscow is a rich mix of Russian culture and history in a more western cosmopolitan package. There is a push to keep the Russian culture, while also pushing forward with a modern metropolis the whole world will envy. This comes with an impressive skyline, that continues to grow, and endless modernities, but with soviet nostalgia and atmosphere mixed in for good measure.

Mixed in with this grand western cosmopolitan atmosphere, is a strong national pride in Russia. This includes their famous leader, Vladimir Putin. Maybe no other place will you see a country’s leader more often. All over, from the pricey tourist shops to the underground walkway stalls, you’ll find goods with Putin’s likeness covering them. From t-shirts to magnets to Matryoshka dolls. There’s a strong national pride that can be seen around the city, which also extends to their leader. Moscow is many things. It’s East meets West, modernizations meets Soviet era, and a whole lot more.

What To Do For a Street Photography Break?:

Eat at a stolovaya.

Stolovayas are Russian cafeterias that became popular in the Soviet days. You grab a tray and walk down the line of freshly prepared local dishes, and select whatever you want from the chefs. They’re usually inexpensive and a much better value than restaurants, while giving you the opportunity to try from a wide selection of everyday Russian food. They’re also very tasty. I always include some borsch on my tray and go from there. The places themselves are all over Moscow and usually come with Soviet-era aesthetics to complete the experience.

Street Safety Score: 7

*As always, no place is completely safe! So when I talk about safety, I’m speaking in general comparison to other places. Always take precaution, be smart, observe your surroundings and trust your instincts anywhere you go!

Being the 2nd largest city in Europe with over 12 million people, you’re going to have your dangerous areas, but for the most part, it feels safe walking around. Russia is statistically higher in crime compared to most of Europe, but this generally doesn’t apply to tourists and visitors. Around the Red Square and surrounding city center, you should feel completely safe walking around. Pick pocketing can happen, but no more than other touristic places. I always explore Moscow freely without coming across too much to worry about. It’s a spread out city, though, so of course it matters where you are. Just use basic street smarts, know where you are and Moscow shouldn’t give you a problem. 

People’s Reaction Score: 7

Moscow is fast paced, big city life, which usually means people aren’t too concerned with you, or your camera. I don’t find people notice or pay much attention to me when I’m out taking photos in Moscow. For the most part, people just go about their day. You shouldn’t get too many looks or concern. But it can depend on the area you are in. The more you stick out, the more you might get noticed with suspicions. I’ve never had any problems in Moscow, or Russia, but just be careful who you’re taking a photo of if you get out of the city center. Other than that, it’s about average for reactions. 

Street Tips:

Learn the alphabet .

Much of Moscow, including the metro system, doesn’t use english. The Russian alphabet uses letters from the Cyrillic script, which if you aren’t familiar with it and don’t know the sounds, can be hard to decipher the words. This is most important for street names and metro stops when trying to get around. It can save confusion and make it easier getting around if you learn the basic alphabet. At the very least then, you can sound out the words to see which are similar in the english conversion, which can help matching them to maps. When out shooting street photography, getting around is as important as anything. So save yourself some time and frustration by learning the Russian Alphabet.

Use the metro

While Saint-Petersburg feels very walkable for a city its size, Moscow can feel very spread out, even for its bigger size. Outside of the Red Square area, you can have plenty of walking before getting anywhere very interesting, so you’ll need to take the metro a lot if you really want to explore the city. Maps are deceiving here too, it will always be further than it looks.

Another reason it’s less walkable than Saint-Petersburg is its completely different set-up. Moscow’s streets are mostly contstructed in rings with narrow, winding streets in-between. This is common with medieval city cities that used to be confined by walls, but you usually don’t have it in a city this massive. Saint-Petersburg has a more grid-like pattern that also uses the canals to help you know your way around. When it comes to navigating on foot in Moscow, it can be more difficult, so bring a map and take the metro when needed. It’s why Moscow’s metro carries more passengers per day than the London and Paris subways combined.

Explore other areas if you have time

Moscow is really big. While most people stay around the Red Square within the Boulevard Ring, there’s so much more to the city. I covered some other spots outside of this circle, but if you really want to see the city, you’ll need time. If you do have time, some other areas I’d check out first are Zamoskvarechye, along some of the south and western Moscow.

Inspiration:

For some more inspiration, you can look through the Street Photography of Moscow photographer Artem Zhitenev  and check out 33 of my photos taken in Moscow .

Conclusion:

Moscow’s name brings a certain mystique, but once you’re there it might bring a different atmosphere than you expect. It’s big and sprawling, but beautiful in many ways. It can feel like a European capital on a grand scale, but you can definitely find its Russian side in there.

The urban sprawl of Moscow can be intimidating, but give it enough time and you’ll be rewarded with plenty to discover. All with the world’s best metro system to take you around.

I hope this guide can help you start to experience some of what Moscow contains. So grab your camera and capture all that Moscow has to offer for Street Photography!

If you still have any questions about shooting in Moscow, feel free to comment below or email me!

(I want to make these guides as valuable as possible for all of you so add any ideas on improvements, including addition requests, in the comment section!)

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