analytical essay police brutality

Police Brutality - List of Free Essay Examples And Topic Ideas

Police brutality refers to the excessive or unnecessary use of force by law enforcement officers. Essays on this topic could explore the incidences of police brutality, its causes, and its impact on communities, particularly marginalized groups. Further discussions might extend to the legal frameworks governing law enforcement conduct, the calls for police reform, and the movements advocating for accountability and justice. We have collected a large number of free essay examples about Police Brutality you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Police Brutality and Racism

The Declaration of Independence was created to protect the inalienable rights that all Americans receive at birth, yet police brutality continues to threaten the rights of African Americans everywhere. Police everywhere need to be given mandatory psychological tests in order to gain awareness of racial bias in law enforcement and allow citizens to slowly gain trust for the officers in law enforcement. No one wants a child to grow up in a world filled with hate. As Martin Luther King […]

The Effects Police Brutality has on Society

Introduction There are many issues that can cause dysfunction in a society. Police brutality has become debatable and a major issue America faces today. Police brutality can be traced back all the way to the early 1870s. Police brutality is the use of excessive force by a police officer. Which can arrange from anything as far as assaults, lethal force, harassment and much more. The use of force has been around for decades as a way of solving conflicts and […]

Is Racism Still a Current Issue in America

Racism is defined as prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior. It is no secret that America has a racist past, with issues like hate crimes, police brutality, and slavery. However, the concern of racism is still apparent in American society today. Completely eliminating racism will be very hard. However, to start the process of eliminating this issue, we need to start by recognizing our own […]

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Police Brutality – most Serious Violations to the Black Community

Police brutality started in the early 70s, due to the lack of equal rights for African Americans. Over the last past several years, it has left citizens wondering if policemen are doing their jobs or just looking for another murder case. Due to all the unnecessary shooting, rough treatment, and beating upon black people three radical black organizers created Black Lives Matter. In the result of this injustice, African American lady, Korryn Gaines, a 23-year old woman, was pulled over […]

Police Brutality – Systemic Misuse of Authority and Abuse of Police Powers

Police brutality is the systematic misuse of authority and abuse of police powers through the unwarranted infliction of bodily or psychological pain to civilians by law enforcers during their official duties. The routine enforcement of law using excessive force against unarmed civilians and the correctional misuse of facilities to manipulate, inflict, injure or subject a civilian to torture amounts to police brutality. Militarily prisons and federal penal correctional facilities through the personnel operating the facilities can practice police brutality through […]

About Black Lives Matter Movement

The fundamental rights and freedoms enshrined in the Constitution are inherent for all. There is no question that all people (blacks, Latinos, Indians, or white) were created free and equal with certain inalienable rights. This is a universally accepted principle. Segregation and racism against minorities in this country have been widely discussed, and prominent figures have taken a stand asking people to join in the fight for equality. This stand addresses the significance of black lives. However, contrasting opinions on […]

Defacement Reflecting on Police Brutality: a Jean Michel-Basquiat Story

Thesis statement: Art tends be a reflection of how an artist is feeling in a certain moment or time and at times it dives into the mind of the artist during the darkest periods of their lives. Artists tend to find inspiration in circumstances or instances that directly affect them on an emotional level. May that be as a result of a death or even a life altering incident that maybe they didn't experience in person but it still hit […]

Police Brutality Culture

The use of excessive force on civilians whether innocent or suspected is deemed as Police brutality. And everyone can attest to the fact that police brutality is ever on the rise. We see it every other day in the news, on the internet and some of us have even witnessed it just around the corners in our neighborhoods. Even if it is plastered all over the media, those officers seem to still remain in the lines of duties. Why? Do […]

Police Abuse of Power

Police brutality refers to systematic misuse of authority and powers through the unwarranted infliction of bodily or psychological pain to civilians by law enforcers during their official duties. The routine enforcement of law using excessive force against unarmed civilians and the correctional misuse of facilities to manipulate, inflict, injure or subject a civilian to torture amounts to police brutality. Militarily prisons and federal penal correctional facilities, through the personnel operating the facilities, can practice police brutality through extreme subjection of […]

Institutional Racism and Police Brutality in Education System

In today society there are several police brutality against black people, and in some institutional systems black people still experience racism from people who thinks they are superior. Racism is an issue which emerged from history till now and it has become a major problem in our society. This has affected some families to live their dreams and influences other people mindset towards each other. Institutional Racism is expressed in social and political institution which is governed by the behavioral […]

Police Brutality against Black Communities

Throughout the years, the issue of police brutality against black communities has been a major problem affecting many countries in the United States. Unjustified killings have taken place in the black community, which has clearly led to a national outcry for justice and equality. The issue has become particularly notable in recent years thanks to the numerous murders of young black people that have been committed by police officers. Research shows that young black men were nine times more likely […]

Does the Civil Rights Movement have an Effect on the Way Minorities are Treated by Authorities?

Abstract The civil rights movement was a mass popular movement to secure for African Americans equal access to and opportunities for the basic privileges and rights of U.S. citizenship. While the roots of this movement go back to the 19th century, its highlighted movements were in the 1950s and 1960s. African American men and women, along with white American’s and other minority citizens, organized and led the movement at national and local levels nationwide. The civil rights movement centered on […]

Police Brutality against Latinos in the U.S.

This research focused on the history of police brutality against Latinos in the U.S. and thedifferent types of police brutality. It starts off with an overview of what police brutality is and providing examples of police brutality in the different states. The examples intend to provide the reader with knowledge of how police brutality affects the Latino community and some other minority groups. Additionally, it talks about injunctions and the system of points (used in Boston), which allow police officers […]

Police Brutality – Aggressive Overuse of Power

Every 7 hours in the United States an individual life is taken by a police officer. Police brutality is defined as an aggressive overuse of power given to them as a status of a police officer. A 395 pound 6'2-foot man named Eric Garner was held in an illegal chokehold by officer Justin D'Amico. Eric Garner was selling illegal cigarettes on a street in Staten Island, New York. As police approach him four of the officers wrestled him to the […]

Police Brutality – Misconduct and Shootings

Abstract In the United States, Police brutality has been a source of concern for many years. Police officers have been known to use excessive and unnecessary force on innocent and unarmed civilians. There have been numerous instances of police officers killing civilians when such force was unwarranted. It is important to look at how police brutality affects the community as well as fellow police officers. There are a number of measures that should be taken to stop this menace. The […]

Police Brutality Towards African Americans

Dear Governor Brown, In this letter I wanted to discuss an epidemic that has occured in America these past few years, which would be police brutality towards African Americans. Police brutality dates as far back as the 1960's but recently there have been many cases towards black people where they do not pose a threat but are still beaten or even killed. Statistics show that police killed 1,147 people in 2017 and 25% of those killed were black people even […]

An American Lie the American Dream

“In recent years, thousands of Americans have died at the hands of law enforcement, a reality made even more shameful when we consider how many of these victims were young, poor, mentally ill, Black or unarmed” (Hill 1).  Minorities have struggled for years to be accepted into a society that excludes them. In “Nobody” by Marc Lamont Hill, he compares the injustices occurring today to those that happened years ago. African Americans are constantly suffering from racial discrimination and denial […]

Stop Police Brutality against Minority’s

Police abuse remains one of the most serious human rights violations in the United States. Over the past decades, police have acted out in ways that have made people wonder, are our officer really doing their jobs?. Unjustified shootings have contributed to the ever present problem of police brutality in America. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States mandated racial segregation in […]

Police Brutality: Hispanics, Asian, and African American

Almost everyone can be involved in police brutality including Hispanics, Asian, and African American. But, black people are most likely to be shot by police than their white peers. However, according to Vox news says, An analysis of the available FBI data by Dara Lind for Vox found that US police kill black people at disproportionate rates: Black people accounted for 31 percent of police killing victims in 2012. In other words, that black people are accusing as a threat […]

Different Forms of Police Brutality

According to The Law Dictionary, police brutality is defined as the use of excessive and/ or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. The brutality can come in several forms; ranging from nerve gas, guns, false arrests, racial profiling, and sexual abuse. Many black men and women fall victims to officers. Police killed 1,147 people in 2017. Black people were 25% of those killed despite being only 13% of the population (Daniliana 1). Since 1992, there has been an […]

Police Brutality – Prevalent Problem in American Society

America has on average one of the highest rates of police violence compared to other developed countries. While it is hard to determine the precise reason to why that is, many argue that it is directly related to racism that has, and still exists today. Until recent times, people of Caucasian decent have held much of the power in the United States government. Meaning that policies were made with white favoritism in mind. This is known as systemic racism. One […]

The Efforts of the Black Lives Matter Movement

Social Change: Police Brutality and The Efforts of the Black Lives Matter Movement CRM 328 Spring 2018 Rodney Morvan Introduction America is known as the land of opportunity and freedom, where equality prevails all across the country, and the justice system is said to protect each and every one of us equally and fairly. However, in 2012, neighborhood watch leader George Zimmerman, while on patrol, shot and killed 17-year-old African-American Trayvon Martin. Zimmerman was subsequently taken to trial and, surprisingly, […]

Police Brutality in America

The rate has increased over the past years. They call America now a slaughter house; killings leading to uproars in the cities and mass shootings. Police brutality does not only happen to African American, but people of all ethnicities. Police officers were once called the peacekeepers of our community, but now we as people are scared to even leave our home. This is a problem beginning to grow more and more each day. The biggest issue right now is that […]

Police Brutality against Women

Police brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct, which involves undue violence by police officers. It seems to happen in several countries, but very often in the United States against African-Americans. Studies show that the US police kill more in days than other countries do in years. (The Guardian, 2018). Generally, when individuals discuss police violence against African-Americans; recurring names such as Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, and Eric Garner continuously appear in broadcast media. It is very rare […]

Police Brutality and its Contributors

In the past two years, the United States has seen an extreme increase in the police use of deadly force. This deadly increase is speculated to have many contributing factors, some contributing factors are, internalized racism, knowing that if they do something they will not be punished, and the blue wall of silence. These are just a few of the many contributors to police brutality. People may believe that this is the way that we must live, and that nothing […]

Police Brutality and Racial Profiling

If you were stopped by police officers and all they saw was your race, imagine how that would have felt. Sadly, this happens in the real world to people of color daily. Racial profiling is a controversial and illegal form of discrimination, where people are targeted for suspicion based on their race or ethnicity rather than on evidence-based suspicious behavior. Racial profiling is a common practice used by law enforcement agencies in the United States. It is based on the […]

Black Lives Matter against Violence and Racism

Black Lives Matter is a movement that is originated by African-Americans. Black Lives Matter is against violence and racism towards black people. Police brutality is one of several forms of police misconduct which involves violence by police. Police brutality is also a part of why Black Lives Matter exist, because it is going on in many countries. While although illegal, it can be used under the color of law. Black Lives Matter was developed to protect black people from the […]

Police Brutality against Black People

The source of racial disparity that pervades the United States criminal justice system, and for African Americans in particular, lies within the bounds of racial discrimination. In order for this treatment to be stopped, members of society must make efforts to alter a mindset that draws it roots from a dark history of slavery and manipulation. Plan Addressing Diawara’s view that society views whiteness as the norm by objectifying races and creating economic and public policies, Barak Obama’s 2008 Father […]

History of Police Brutality

America’s history allows spectators to realize that police brutality is not a modern-day problem, however it is a rising issue. As a nation built up of diverse groups, it is not a surprise that this country has an interminable past of acts of brutality, especially when it comes to individuals who have been incarcerated which is a huge portion of America’s population. A rising amount of police officers are now unlawfully abusing their power, and many prisoners are not willing […]

US Police Brutality and African Americans

Police brutality is a major issue in the United States, with its target against African Americans being a longstanding problem. The history of police brutality closely relates to racism and discrimination in America. Many factors, such as institutional racism, poverty, education, and even the drug war, contribute to this issue. With these factors combined, there is an increased risk of violence from law enforcement officials toward African Americans. According to Schwartz and Jahn (2020), African Americans are three times more […]

How To Write an Essay About Police Brutality

Introduction to the issue of police brutality.

When approaching the sensitive and complex topic of police brutality for an essay, it is crucial to start with a clear definition and understanding of what police brutality encompasses. This term generally refers to the use of excessive force by law enforcement officers, often tied to a broader discussion of systemic issues within policing institutions. In your introduction, provide context for the essay by highlighting the significance of this issue, its impact on communities, and its relevance in the current social and political climate. This opening segment sets the stage for a deep and thoughtful exploration of the various dimensions of police brutality, including its causes, effects, and the ongoing debates surrounding it.

Analyzing the Causes and Manifestations

The body of your essay should delve into a detailed analysis of police brutality. This includes examining the root causes, such as systemic racism, lack of adequate training, and issues within the criminal justice system. Discuss different manifestations of police brutality, from physical violence to psychological tactics, and consider how these actions affect not only individuals but also communities and public trust in law enforcement. Utilize specific examples, case studies, or statistical data to support your points, ensuring that your argument is grounded in factual information. This section should be structured to provide a comprehensive and balanced exploration of the topic.

Addressing Solutions and Reforms

In this part of your essay, focus on the potential solutions and reforms aimed at reducing instances of police brutality. Discuss various proposals such as increased accountability measures, police training reforms, community policing strategies, and systemic changes in law enforcement agencies. Analyze the effectiveness of these solutions, drawing on examples from different jurisdictions where reforms have been attempted or implemented. Consider the challenges and barriers to implementing these changes, including political, institutional, and social factors. This segment should highlight the complexity of solving the issue of police brutality and the need for multifaceted approaches.

Concluding Thoughts on Police Brutality

Conclude your essay by summarizing the main points discussed, and reflect on the broader implications of police brutality on society and the justice system. This is an opportunity to reiterate the importance of addressing this issue and to encourage ongoing dialogue and action. Offer a perspective on the future of policing and community relations, considering the current trends and movements. A strong conclusion will not only wrap up the essay effectively but also leave the reader with a deeper understanding of the complexities of police brutality and the necessity for continued attention and effort in combating it.

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Police brutality and racism in America

The Schwartzreport tracks emerging trends that will affect the world, particularly the United States.  For EXPLORE it focuses on matters of health in the broadest sense of that term, including medical issues, changes in the biosphere, technology, and policy considerations, all of which will shape our culture and our lives.

After getting arrested several times for participating in civil rights demonstrations as I walked down Constitution Avenue, past what were then known as the Old Navy buildings, now long gone, on that warm Wednesday afternoon on the 28th of August 1963, I thought we had reached the turning point. I and thousands of others were moving quietly and peacefully towards the Lincoln Memorial where we were going to hear the Reverend Martin Luther King give what history now knows as the “I have a Dream" speech.

I was walking with a Black friend, a reporter for The Washington Star, an historic paper now long gone. I looked over Richard's shoulder and saw walking next to us two young partners of the then conservative Republican law firm, Covington & Burling. Richard saw where I was looking and turned to watch them as well. To him they were just two more White men; a large proportion of the crowd were White, and men. When I explained who they were he smiled, and I said, “I think we've won.” It was such a happy day; I remember it still.

And a little less than a year later, on 2 July 1964, almost unthinkably, a Southern politician, President Lyndon Johnson, signed into law the bipartisan Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of public schools, and facilities, and made employment discrimination based on race illegal. It seemed Dr. King's dream was coming true.

Then a year after that when Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which outlawed discriminatory voting practices, such as literacy tests and poll taxes, I thought all was now well. It had taken a hundred years, since the end of the Civil War, but we were finally throttling the monster of racism.

And yet here I sit, looking day after day at the searing television images of the new civil rights demonstrations, watching videos of White policemen murdering Black men for no reason except they could, thinking they would get away with it, as they had so often in the past. The mass demonstrations with their clouds of tear gas and rubber bullets. The gross misuse of the American military against American citizens. The eight minutes and 46 seconds of video showing four policemen in Minneapolis murdering an unarmed handcuffed Black man, George Floyd, as he lay in the street handcuffed, that has caused, as I write this, 19 days of civil rights demonstrations involving millions all over the world.

It is important to remember also, I think, that this historic event, the murder and everything that has followed from that death is known to us only because of the bravery of one 17-year old girl, Darnell Frazier, who would not be intimidated and kept her phone camera on creating a video record of what was happening. As her hometown paper, the Star Tribune reported, Frazier wasn't looking to be a hero. She was “just a 17-year-old high school student, with a boyfriend and a job at the mall, who did the right thing. She's the Rosa Parks of her generation.” 1 I completely agree. I have written often about the power of a single individual at the right moment. 2 Could there be a clearer example?

What made this event historic, so catalyzing, so emotionally powerful that people all over the world in their millions took to the streets, even though it could mean their life because the Covid-19 pandemic which, in the U.S. alone, had infected over two million people and was still killing a thousand people a day? I think it was because it illustrated the conjunction of two major trends in America: the blatant racism that still infects the country, and the racially biased police brutality which has become outrageous.

George Floyd is one of a thousand police killings that will probably happen in 2020. There were that many last year. The statistics about American law enforcement are astounding when compared to those of other developed nations, like those that make up the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). According to Statistia in the U.S. there have been, “a total (of) 429 civilians ...shot, 88 of whom were Black, as of June 4, 2020. In 2018, there were 996 fatal police shootings, and in 2019 increased to 1004 (see Figure 1). Additionally, the rate of fatal police shootings among Black Americans was much higher than that for any other ethnicity, standing at 30 fatal shootings per million of the population as of June 2020.” 3

Credit: The Washington Post.

By way of contrast, in Norway, which I pick because it is a nation with high gun ownership, the police in 2019 armed themselves and displayed weapons 42 times, and fired two guns once each, and no one was killed. Few Americans even realize that “A police officer does not have to shoot to kill and, in several countries, a police officer does not even have to carry a gun. In Norway, Iceland, New Zealand, Britain, and Ireland, police officers generally do not carry firearms.” 4

Intermixed with racial brutality on the part of the law enforcement system in the U.S. is the gross misuse of the American military against the American people they are sworn to protect. And then there is the American gulag. It's prisons and jails dot our national landscape holding millions of incarcerated men and women a large majority of them Black and Brown.

Until this June I don't think most Americans really understood how violent and racist policing in America has become. If you are White like me, professional and relatively affluent, you never have any interactions with the police. They don't come to your door, and should it happen that you are stopped for a traffic ticket you don't feel threatened; it is no more than an annoyance that is going to cost you a few dollars for the fine. And even then, how often does that happen? I haven't been stopped since 1973, when a taillight on my car had gone out without my noticing. You see the police, they are there. But it is not an issue.

But if you are Black or Brown you live in another world.

Three weeks before George Floyd was murdered during a traffic stop by four police officers, an exhaustive study carried out by a research team at Stanford University led by Emma Pierson and Camelia Simoiu, was published in Nature Human Behavior Entitled, “A Large-scale Analysis of Racial Disparities in Police stops Across the United States”. It presented the truth of America, and it is horrifying.

“We assessed racial disparities in policing in the United States by compiling and analysing a dataset detailing nearly 100 million traffic stops conducted across the country. We found that black drivers were less likely to be stopped after sunset, when a ‘veil of darkness’ masks one's race, suggesting bias in stop decisions. Furthermore, by examining the rate at which stopped drivers were searched and the likelihood that searches turned up contraband, we found evidence that the bar for searching black and Hispanic drivers was lower than that for searching white drivers. Finally, we found that legalization of recreational marijuana reduced the number of searches of white, black and Hispanic drivers—but the bar for searching black and Hispanic drivers was still lower than that for white drivers post-legalization. Our results indicate that police stops and search decisions suffer from persistent racial bias and point to the value of policy interventions to mitigate these disparities.” 5

Some years ago I was on the board of a foundation to help children in medical distress. Also on the board was the then Deputy Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department. We became friendly and one night went out to dinner together after a board meeting. This was not long after the 1992 riots that occurred when Rodney King, a Black man, was savagely beaten by police in a traffic stop. I asked the Deputy Chief, who had told me he had risen through the ranks and been a sworn officer for almost 30 years, how many police officers would participate in something like the King beating? I have never forgotten his answer. He said, “About 15% of police are heroes, the very best you could ever ask for. Another 15% are thugs and bullies who become police because they think they can act out without fear of punishment. The remaining 70% go with the flow. If they are with heroes, they behave heroically; if they are assigned to work with thugs, well bad things happen.” He explained that what he was trying to do was identify the thugs before they were hired. And to break through the “Blue Wall” if they were hired. He told me it was not easy, and one of the problems was the police union which protected its members at all cost.

How bad is it? I mean real numbers, not just the conjecture and political commentary that fills the airwaves. It turns out that it is very hard to get this information. Because of the power of the police unions and the racism of the U.S. Congress under the last four presidents, both Democrats and Republicans — Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barrack Obama, and Donald Trump — as police violence has grown worse each year, creating a real federal data base on police violence has proven almost impossible.

Congress passed H.R. 3355 Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. 6 It provided funds for local and state law enforcement entities and the State Attorney Generals to “acquire data about the use of excessive force by law enforcement officers” across the nation and to “publish an annual summary of the data acquired.” It didn't go well. In 1996, the Institute for Law and Justice and the National Institute of Justice on behalf of the DOJ, in a carefully worded report, described the failure to do what was mandated two years earlier. “Systematically collecting information on use of force from the Nation's more than 17,000 law enforcement agencies is difficult given the lack of standard definitions, the variety of incident recording practices, and the sensitivity of the issue.” 7

So in 2020, do we know any more? We do, although still far from enough. In 2019, a research team led by Frank Edwards of the School of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University, published a report, “Risk of being killed by police use-of-foce in the U.S. by age, race/ethnicity, and sex.” They reported:

“We use novel data on police-involved deaths to estimate how the risk of being killed by police use-of-force in the United States varies across social groups. We estimate the lifetime and age-specific risks of being killed by police by race and sex. We also provide estimates of the proportion of all deaths accounted for by police use-of-force. We find that African American men and women, American Indian / Alaska Native men and women, and Latino men face higher lifetime risk of being killed by police than do their white peers. We find that Latino women and Asian / Pacific Islander men and women face lower risk of being killed by police than do their white peers. Risk is highest for Black men, who (at current levels of risk) face about a 1 in 1000 chance of being killed by police over the life course. The average lifetime odds of being killed by police are about 1 in 2000 for men and about 1 in 33,000 for women. Risk peaks between the ages of 20 and 35 for all groups. For young men of color, police use-of-force is among the leading causes of death.” 8

Just to put that in a little finer focus, what they are saying is: “African American men were about 2  1 / 2  times more likely than White men to be killed by police. Men of color face a non-trivial lifetime risk of being killed by police” 9

The Washington Post looked into this issue and tuned the data even finer: “Although half of the people shot and killed by police are white, black Americans are shot at a disproportionate rate. They account for just 13 percent of the U.S. population, but more than a quarter of police shooting victims. The disparity is even more pronounced among unarmed victims, of whom more than a third are black.” 10

And if you are Black or Brown, while being murdered is the worst case scenario it is not the only misery that awaits any interaction with America's racist police. A study carried out by Megan T. Stevenson and Sandra Mayson that was published in 2018 in The Boston University Law Review described the reality of being a Black person on the streets of America. In doing their research Stevenson and Mayson discovered first that the hysteria about crime built up in America by conservative politicians and commentators, who are overwhelmingly White, is unfounded. “the number of misdemeanor arrests and cases filed have declined markedly in recent years. In fact, national arrest rates for almost every misdemeanor offense category have been declining for at least two decades, and the misdemeanor arrest rate was lower in 2014 than in 1995 in almost every state for which data is available.” 11

But they also found, “there is profound racial disparity in the misdemeanor arrest rate for most—but not all—offense types. This is sobering if not surprising. More unexpectedly, perhaps, the variation in racial disparity across offense types has remained remarkably constant over the past thirty-seven years; the offenses marked by the greatest racial disparity in arrest rates in 1980 are more or less the same as those marked by greatest racial disparity today.” 12

The truth that almost none of us who are White get is that 57 years after Martin Luther King's I Have a Dream speech, 56 years after the Civil Rights act of 1964, and 55 years after the Voting Rights Act of 1965, if you are Black or Brown, and particularly if you are a young Black man, for you America is like living in an occupied country where any interaction with the police is to be avoided. It can send you to prison for a trivial offense at the least, and may, and often does, result in your murder at the hands of those whose supposed but not actual job is to “serve and protect.”

Speaking as a White man, I am fed up with that, and I think that this November all of us who are White and who believe the function of the state should be to foster wellbeing at every level, for everyone, need to check off our ballots only for candidates who are willing to do that, and vote out of office all politicians not so committed. What do you think?

Scientist, futurist, and award-winning author and novelist Stephan A. Schwartz , is a Distinguished Consulting Faculty of Saybrook University, and a BIAL Fellow. He is an award winning author of both fiction and non-fiction, columnist for the journal EXPLORE, and editor of the daily web publication Schwartzreport.net in both of which he covers trends that are affecting the future. For over 40 years, as an experimentalist, he has been studying the nature of consciousness, particularly that aspect independent of space and time. Schwartz is part of the small group that founded modern Remote Viewing research, and is the principal researcher studying the use of Remote Viewing in archaeology. In addition to his own non-fiction works and novels, he is the author of more than 200 technical reports, papers, and academic book chapters. In addition to his experimental studies he has written numerous magazine articles for Smithsonian, OMNI, American History, American Heritage, The Washington Post, The New York Times, as well as other magazines and newspapers. He is the recipient of the Parapsychological Association Outstanding Contribution Award, OOOM Magazine (Germany) 100 Most Inspiring People in the World award, and the 2018 Albert Nelson Marquis Award for Outstanding Contributions.

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• An Empirical Analysis of Racial Differences in Police Use of Force

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This paper explores racial differences in police use of force. On non-lethal uses of force, blacks and Hispanics are more than fifty percent more likely to experience some form of force in interactions with police. Adding controls that account for important context and civilian behavior reduces, but cannot fully explain, these disparities. On the most extreme use of force –officer-involved shootings – we find no racial differences in either the raw data or when contextual factors are taken into account. We argue that the patterns in the data are consistent with a model in which police officers are utility maximizers, a fraction of which have a preference for discrimination, who incur relatively high expected costs of officer-involved shootings.

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• NEWS FEATURE
• 19 June 2020
• Update 26 May 2021

What the data say about police brutality and racial bias — and which reforms might work

• Lynne Peeples 0

Lynne Peeples is a science journalist in Seattle, Washington.

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For 9 minutes and 29 seconds, Derek Chauvin pressed his knee into the neck of George Floyd, an unarmed Black man. This deadly use of force by the now-former Minneapolis police officer has reinvigorated a very public debate about police brutality and racism.

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Nature 583 , 22-24 (2020)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01846-z

Updates & Corrections

Update 26 May 2021 : On 20 April 2021, Derek Chauvin was convicted of causing the death of George Floyd. The text has been modified to include updated information on how long Chauvin knelt on Floyd’s neck.

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Police Brutality Statistics: What the Data Says About Police Violence in America

Richard Meadow

Richard "Rick" Meadow is an esteemed attorney with over 30 years of experience.

Content Last Updated: May 24, 2024

The killings of Michael Brown, George Floyd, and Breonna Taylor, among many other unarmed Black men and women, have placed police violence at the center of the national conversation. This heightened awareness of wrongful police killings of civilians also exposed a disturbing deficit in the federal government’s collection of policing data.

Media groups like The Guardian , The Washington Post , and others rushed to fill this data void. By creating independent databases from local news reports and online sources, the researchers found that the federal government counted less than half of all officer-involved shooting deaths. Then-FBI director James Comey admitted that the Bureau’s shortcomings were “ridiculous” and “embarrassing.”

This article will reveal the most vital police brutality statistics on deaths from police violence by examining the most authoritative, independent data sources. It will include statistics describing the disparate impacts of police violence on communities of color. We’ll conclude with recommendations to help stop killings by police , and throughout the piece, try to answer these and other frequently asked questions about police violence.

• Are police brutality rates increasing?
• In which cities, states, and countries are police shootings most and least likely to occur?
• Which racial and ethnic groups are most impacted by police misconduct and violence?
• What happens to police officers after they kill civilians?

Note: This article primarily focuses on police-related killings rather than non-fatal police violence. That exclusion doesn’t minimize the problem of excessive police force causing severe injuries and personal trauma. It only reflects the scandalous lack of reliable data provided by local, state, and federal police agencies.

Regional Overview: Police Violence in the United States & Abroad

Despite the increased data visibility into the problem in recent years, police killings of civilians continue to occur at an astonishing rate. We’ll examine which groups of people are most likely to be killed by the police in the following section. But we’ll begin with a high-level view of the problem at the national, state, and international levels.

According to The Washington Post’s tracking database , at least 1,096 people were shot and killed by the police in 2022. And according to Mapping Police Violence , a leading police violence research project, police killed a minimum of 1,200 people that same year. That includes victims shot by police or another cause of death — such as tasers, physical restraints, or police vehicles.

The Mapping Police Violence analysis, which pulls data from the longstanding Fatal Encounters database , also noted a disturbing observation. In 2022, there were only 10 days when police did not kill someone in the US.

Have the rates of police killings increased over the years?

While smartphones and social media have made the problem of police violence more visible, about 1,000 people in the U.S. population are killed by police every year. According to Mapping Police Violence and The Washington Post, those figures have been remarkably consistent since they started tracking data in 2013 and 2016, respectively.

In other words, police killings are not increasing. But they’re not decreasing either, which reflects the continuing crisis of policing in America.

Which US states have the highest rates of fatal police violence?

The prestigious medical journal The Lancet analyzed mortality rates of people killed by race and state in the United States from 1990 to 2019. Likely the most comprehensive analysis on the topic, they compared data from the USA National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) to three previously mentioned police violence databases — Mapping Police Violence, Fatal Encounters, and The Guardian’s “The Counted” database.

The states with the highest mortality rates of people killed by police during the 2010s time period are

Which US states have the lowest rates of fatal police violence?

According to the Lancet data mentioned above, the states with the lowest mortality rates of people killed by the police during the 2010s time period are

Which US police departments have the highest rates of fatal police violence?

According to Mapping Police Violence, from 2013 through June 2023, the U.S. police departments with the highest rates of people killed by police were

• St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department: 15.2 deaths per 1 million
• Tulsa Police Department: 9.3 deaths per 1 million
• Albuquerque Police Department: 9.1 deaths per 1 million

The Chicago Police Department deserves special mention. The overall annual rate of people killed by police in Chicago is below average at 3.3 deaths per million. Taking a closer look at the numbers, CPD kills Black people at an annual rate of 8.6 per million and white people at 0.3 per million.

The Chicago Police Department, on average, kills about 26 times more Black people than white people every year. To put these sky-high fatality rates into perspective by comparing them against sizable municipal police departments with significantly lower rates of police killings.

Which US police departments have the lowest rates of fatal police violence?

• Chesapeake Police Department: 0.8 deaths per 1 million
• Arlington Police Department: 0.8 deaths per 1 million
• Buffalo Police Department: 1.0 deaths per 1 million

The key takeaway is that rates of fatal shootings by police vary considerably across police departments, with some being more than ten times as likely to kill civilians as others.

So how does America’s police violence compare to that of other countries?

American police kill civilians at extraordinarily higher rates than police in other high-income democracies. According to the Prison Policy Initiative , a criminal justice think tank, in 2019, U.S. police killed 3.35 per 1 million people. Canadian police, the next highest on the list, killed 0.98 for every 1 million. And police in England and Wales rarely kill civilians, at a rate of .05 per 1 million.

In other words, police in the U.S. kill people at a rate at least three times higher than Canadian police do and at least 60 times the rate of police in England and Wales. And according to an analysis by The Guardian, U.S. police killed more people in the first 24 days of 2015 than cops in England and Wales did throughout the previous 24 years .

Who are the most common victims of police violence?

Now that we’ve looked at police brutality from a regional perspective, we’ll analyze its victims. Revisiting The Washington Post’s database, which has tracked more than 8,600 fatal police shootings since 2015 , the data shows that police brutality is a problem that affects people across demographic groups.

Although about half of the estimated 1,000 people shot and killed by police every year in the United States are white — the proportional weight of police violence hits communities of color the hardest.

So what’s the risk of being killed by police violence by race?

The Washington Post’s database breaks down the stark racial disparities for people in the United States killed by police shootings since Jan. 1, 2015.

• Police killed white people at a rate of 2.3 per million per year
• Police killed Hispanic people at a rate of 2.5 per million per year
• Police killed Black people at a rate of 5.8 per million per year

In other words, Black Americans are more than 2 times as likely to be killed by the police than white people.

And according to the 2022 Police Violence report , a product of the Mapping Police Violence team, Black Americans were not only more likely to be killed by police than other races. They were also more likely to be unarmed and less likely to be threatening someone when killed.

Which US police department has the highest rate of deadly force against Black Americans?

Police brutality in St. Louis is particularly prevalent against the Black community. According to Mapping Police Violence, from 2013 through June 2023, the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department killed 48 people, including 41 Black people. That equates to an average annual rate of killings of Black people by police of 30.4 per 1 million. Moreover, Oklahoma PD officers killed Black people at 10.3 times the rate of white people.

What’s the risk of being killed by police violence by age and gender?

According to The Washington Post, among the 8,613 people shot and killed by the police, 8,191 — or over 95% — are male. And more than half of the victims are between 20 and 40 years old.

So overall, the profile of people killed by the police tends to be overwhelmingly male, mostly young, and disproportionately Latino and Black men.

Mental health risks

According to the 2022 Police Violence Report, police killed 111 people after receiving reports of someone behaving erratically or having a mental health crisis.

What happens to police after they kill someone?

Philip Stinson, a criminal justice expert at Bowling Green State University, maintains the most comprehensive database of officers charged with crimes . His national database contains information on 13,214 arrest cases from 2005 to 2016 involving 10,901 individual law enforcement officers.

When police kill someone, how likely are they to be prosecuted and convicted for murder?

In short, not very. According to Professor Philip Stinson, U.S. prosecutors in 2021 charged only 21 police officers with either murder or manslaughter resulting from deadly use of force. While 21 might not seem like many, it was a record-high number of officers charged.

For comparison, prosecutors in 2020 charged 16 police officers with murder or manslaughter from an on-duty deadly force incident. Twelve were charged in 2019, ten in 2018, and seven in 2017.

When police officers kill someone, how likely are they to be charged with a crime?

Based on Professor Stinson’s data on police crimes — only a tiny minority, less than 2% of officers who killed civilians in the line of duty, were charged with a crime. The vast majority of officers who killed people while on duty, 98.2%, were not charged with a crime.

When police who kill are charged with murder or manslaughter, how likely are they to be convicted?

The April 2021 murder and manslaughter conviction of Derick Chauvin, the Minneapolis police officer who killed George Floyd, was an extraordinary event. As mentioned above, it’s rare for DAs to charge officers who kill. And according to Stinson’s police crimes data, of the 155 officers prosecuted for murder or manslaughter since 2005, only about one-third resulted in a criminal conviction. One-third were acquitted in court, and another one-third of cases are still pending.

What are the leading causes of police brutality in the United States?

Various factors contribute to police violence in America. While high rates of gun ownership among Americans likely contribute to higher rates of fatal shootings by police, rates of violent crime in cities did not determine rates of killings by police. For example, the Buffalo and Newark police departments had relatively low rates of fatal police violence despite high crime rates. On the other hand, Spokane and Orlando had relatively low crime rates with higher rates of deadly police violence.

There is also a long history of police violence in the United States . White men initially created police departments to control enslaved people and Native Americans, and violence has been a part of American police forces since their inception.

Another challenging characteristic of American policing is the decentralization of agencies. According to a 2016 Department of Justice survey , at least 12,200 local law enforcement agencies and 3,000 sheriff’s offices operate independently with minimal oversight. About 90% of those agencies employ fewer than 50 officers. And nearly 50% of local departments have fewer than ten officers.

That fragmentation makes it nearly impossible to mandate consistent standards in police training, data collection, use of force policies, and accountability for officers who repeatedly use excessive force. As a result, police officers in the United States are often poorly trained to practice de-escalation in stressful situations. And when agencies fail to collect or release public records of excessive force and fatal police shootings, that contributes to a culture of unseen and unchecked officer misconduct and vicious cycles of community despair.

Recommendations to prevent police killings

These sobering numbers suggest that policing in the United States requires fundamental transformation. The frequency of police killings and the racial disparities pervading those police brutality statistics is a public health crisis that needs urgent action. 

Civil rights organizations have long called for police accountability in the US. And the brutal killing of George Floyd accelerated a cultural and political revolution against unjust police violence targeting African-Americans and other people of color. If you’ve been a victim of police brutality, getting legal help to file a lawsuit can help hold police departments accountable for brutality and excessive force.

To help reduce fatal police encounters and increase public safety, Congress and all 50 states should pass police reform bills to provide the following interventions:

• Improve use of force standards , including rules mandating when law enforcement officers can and cannot use deadly force
• Collect and publish detailed data on officer arrests, use of force injuries and deaths, and racial bias data during police stops
• Ensure independent and transparent investigations into all cases of excessive force and severe misconduct to ensure that officers are held accountable for their actions
• License and track “wandering officers” to prevent agencies from hiring officers dismissed for misconduct by other agencies
• Abolish qualified immunity , which often shields officers from liability for many constitutional violations, including fatal use of force.

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379 Police Essay Topics to Research & Write about

Looking for police essay topics to write about? The field of criminal justice and law enforcement is really exciting, controversial, and worth studying!

🔝 Top 10 Law Enforcement Topics

🏆 best police essay examples & ideas, 👍 exciting police essay topics, 💡 law enforcement topics for a research paper, 📌 great police research topics, 🎓 law enforcement essay topics, ✅ most interesting police topics to write about, ❓ research questions about police.

In your police essay, you might want to focus on the historical perspective, elaborate on police brutality, touch upon the psychology of a criminal, or discuss the importance of the police as an institution. In this article, we collected a list of excellent law enforcement topics for a research paper, essay, presentation, or other assignment. There are also A+ police essay examples to inspire you even more.

• The role of technology in crime prevention.
• Eyewitness testimony: is it reliable?
• Preventing police brutality: the key methods.
• Race discrimination in law enforcement.
• Gender discrimination in the criminal justice system: does it still exist?
• International drug trafficking: how to prevent it?
• The approach to death penalty in different countries.
• The prison systems around the world.
• Kidnapping: the top motives.
• Body cameras: do they help?
• Police Arrest and Incident Record: O.J. Simpson’s Case J Simpson’s car had blood stain on his driveway and the stain was similar to those that were found at the site of the violent crime.
• Police Deviance For the sake of this paper, the scope of this paper will only examine the code of conduct in reference to the relationship between the police force and the society.
• Discipline as an Integral Part of Effective Police Supervision Supervisors as disciplinarians The ability to maintain discipline among the subordinates is one way of measuring the suitability of a supervisor for the role.
• Police Professionalism: Examples and Issues In order to ensure that the much anticipated policing is achieved, the relationship between the police and the community needs to be streamlined.
• Police Brutality: Internal and External Stakeholders To begin with, internal stakeholders such as police officers and judges have been observed to enforce the law discriminatively. Policymakers can be encouraged to propose and support powerful laws that have the potential to deal […]
• A Ride With a Police Officer By signing the waiver, I assumed all the risks that I could have been exposed to at the time of the ride and throughout the program.
• Police Brutality: Dissoi Logoi Argumentation Under the influence of societal views, the majority of the representatives of the general public tend to perceive police officers as a safeguarding force that gathers individuals who perform their duties to ensure that the […]
• Police Misconduct Actually, prosecutors are always reluctant to try these victims in the court of law for the following reasons; police officers, in most cases, are protected by the prosecutors.
• School Bullying: Causes and Police Prevention It is for this reason that there has been need for the intervention of the community and the government to address the issue of bullying schools lest the school environment becomes the worst place to […]
• Internal Control Factors Used by Police Departments There has been influencing by the government on police operations and this has weakened the independence of the department in its attempts at internal controls.
• Implementing Budget Restrictions in a Police Department The trust between the public and the police is the essential element of the police forces’ success in protecting the citizens and communities.
• Police Officers and Cultural Differences This is because the police force holds specific power in this section of society, a factor that necessitates a proper understanding of a multicultural and pluralistic society among the officers.
• Media Impact on the Police Public Image Even though the studies indicate mixed results about police use and the application of its powers, how the public perceives the police is primarily influenced by the media.
• Excessive Force by the Police On the other hand, the media reported on the severity of misconduct by police officers and cited the Blue code of silence as the key setback against the fight against police torture.
• Gratuities for Police and Professional Ethics As a Chief of Police, I would not allow police officers to accept gratuities because tokens of gratitude can be used to compromise their integrity, judgment, and impartiality in the administration of justice and law […]
• Dubai Police Force: Human Resource Department The mission for the Dubai police is to strengthen the security systems of the city to facilitate the protection of the citizens’ rights.
• Police-Youth Relations/Community Policing and Young Offenders Aims of the Study The study is aimed at determining the fairness and acceptability of the youth justice system and its effects on the youth-police relations in Canada.
• Police-Youth Relations and Community Policing This is because of the long history of the strained relationship between the Canadian youth and the police which has created a very negative perception of the police to the youth.
• Asian Community and Police Plan to Curtail Future Attacks The police should encourage citizens of the Asian community to report incidences and crime, which allows the law enforcement to fully understand the scope of the problem in the community and put resources to fight […]
• Whether a College Degree Should Be Mandatory for Police Recruits In this regard, technical training and college education are crucial for the police force to effectively perform their work in the community.
• Excessive Force and Deviance, Police Brutality The events highlighting racial injustice could positively influence our society, maintaining an appropriate level of awareness regarding the issues encountered by African-Americans and prompting a change in police behaviors.
• How to Become a Police Officer: Steps, Duties, Requirements, and Challenges Police officers are responsible for ensuring the safety of all the citizens and capturing the criminal in order to maintain a process. It is sufficient for those who are confident about the job and wants […]
• Police Decision Making Analysis It is claimed that the police have a high level of accountability for their actions because they are involved in the initial process of justice administration where their decision to arrest or not to arrest […]
• Police Actions in “44 Minutes: The North Hollywood Shoot-Out” I believe that this crime thriller was shot to restore the reputation of the Los Angeles Police Department. The filmmakers achieved this goal; that is why the film encourages the audience to feel proud of […]
• Decision-Making and Problem-Solving in the Police My grade is the captain and I have to take the responsibility to coordinate the work, which requires problem-solving skills. I believe that in order to make the right decision, you should be confident in […]
• Change Management Steps in Police Organizations In the constantly changing world, every organization needs to adjust to the current environment and alter according to the dictates of the time, and police departments are also subject to this phenomenon.
• Importance of Police Training Majority of people have always aspired to become police officers for the reason that the job holders are seen to be the public vigor.
• Police Violence Against People of Color The article’s main argument for why racial stereotypes and their behavioural effects are to blame for police violence is that these effects extend beyond the direct victims to communities of colour.”The racialization of crime and […]
• The Police Functions in the Modern World The primary functions of the modern police are crime control, order maintenance, and social work. Moreover, the second point is the changing nature of the crime that the police are fighting.
• Decision Making in Police Office Management 83, it is essential to say that far from the fact that criminals deserve to serve their sentences in prisons after the trial plays a role and the degree of punishment.
• Criminal Justice Ethics of Traffic Police Officers The police officer had the choice to take the children to a juvenile center home and arrange for a person to take care of the baby and then take the woman to jail as she […]
• High-Speed Police Car Chases: A Deadly Pursuit In the year 2010, specifically in Milwaukee, the policy chief introduced a new policy indicating that the police force was not to engage in these violent and high-speed chases if the crime of the suspect […]
• Police Brutality in the USA This paper aims to discuss the types of police brutality, the particularities of psychological harm inflicted by the police, and its consequences for the population affected by these forms of violence.
• Ambivalence on Part of the Police in Response to Domestic Violence The police have been accused of ambivalence by their dismissive attitudes and through sexism and empathy towards perpetrators of violence against women.
• Problems Facing Police Departments in Recruiting and Retention People think that as the time goes along, no or little increase in the salary does not satisfy the employees of police departments and compel them to leave the job.
• Is Tipping a Police Officer a Bribe? In the context of law enforcement, a gratuity is a gift to operating officers based on their occupation. However, there is a blurry line between tips, gratuity, and bribes, and it is the main argument […]
• Police Officers, Killed in the Line of Duty In particular, it is necessary to focus on their experience in the field, line of work, the structure and jurisdiction of their departments.
• Pros and Cons of Being a Police Officer: Police Oficers’ Interviews To investigate the Pros and Cons of this profession aims, and attitudes of police officers I conducted the interview with two police officers from different departments and of different ages.
• Human Rights Violations by Police: Accountable in Discharging Their Duties Corey in his study and reflection on two mass exonerations, that is, the Rampart and Tulia exonerations, identified police misconduct, and in particular perjury as the primary cause for wrongful convictions.
• The Police Agency’ Conflict Management In the police agency, parties may use the collaboration strategy involving information sharing, openness, and elucidation of the various conflicting issues not only to reach a common ground that is satisfactory to the conflicting parties […]
• San Diego Police Department The department also addresses the issues affecting the surrounding community. The applicant should be a citizen or inhabitant of the United States.
• Organization of Abu Dhabi Police This led to a change in the organization structure of the police force, an increase in the number of police officers, introduction of rigorous training and development exercises, and the acquisition of sophisticated technology to […]
• Bangladesh Police Institution This paper will concentrate on the police institution reform in order to make the police institution free of corruption, compromise, and injustices to the citizens.
• Police Brutality: Graham vs. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 In this essay, a summary of the Graham and Connor case and the decision of the court will be introduced. In case this suggestion is correct, Connor appears as a police officer who failed to […]
• How Can Police Develop Trust Among the People? The philosophy of community policing suggests that the community needs the police to provide policing based on service and to avail the cooperation of the community in such policing. A police chief is also committed […]
• Mental Illness Emergencies and Police Response According to Dempsey et al, the roles of law enforcement agencies and the police when dealing with individuals with mental illness are to assess the situation, intervene, provide support, and connect individuals with mental illness […]
• The Atlanta Police Department’s Code of Ethics An interesting regulation issued by the Atlanta Agency is related to the onset of the coronavirus pandemic and has been implemented at this stage.
• The Drawbacks of Police Wearing Body Cameras Thesis: Despite the claimed benefits of police wearing body cameras, such as increased transparency and accountability, the drawbacks of invasion of privacy, breach of trust, and cost implications make the use of body cameras a […]
• Police Culture: Criminal Justice Ethics The set of values and standards in police culture shapes the perceptions of law enforcement officers about policing and the delivery of services. Therefore, police culture is similar to other customs and habits that guides […]
• The Wakefield Police Department (WPD) in Memphis Solutions A designated task force is created from the pool of officers to routinely monitor repeat offenders and supervise young individuals who are more likely to engage in carjacking again.
• Relation Between Leadership and Police Ethics To prevent such situations in the future, it is essential to put effort into addressing the moral beliefs of the team and ensuring the organizational values are being shared among all officers.
• Mental Health Interventions for Police Officers The expected outcome of this study is a generalized classification of existing mental health interventions available for the police workforce and their assessment in terms of efficiency.
• Police Academy Training: Comparing Across Curricula All in all, the investigation proves that the COPS is a more efficient curriculum that leads to better performance in recruits due to it being well-designed and adjusted to the modern model of policing. Overall, […]
• A Train Hits Police Vehicle With a Suspect Inside On the one hand, there is the suspicion that the train was used recklessly and endangered the life of the suspect, while on the other hand, train officials argued that they did so to apprehend […]
• Killing Fields: Explaining Police Violence Against Persons of Color In particular, this topic concerns the biased attitude towards people of color among representatives of the protection of law and order.
• Police Agencies: Functions and Responsibilities After the rise of terrorism, the management of the Police agency or organization has evolved in several ways. This suggests that a line supervisor makes explicit requests to their representatives and prioritizes maintaining the “solidity […]
• Mental Health and Well-Being of Canadian Police Officers As found in the study by Tehrani, most police officers that worked during the pandemic have been emotionally affected by it, with the lowest indicators of mental health being strongly related to anxiety and depression […]
• Police Accountability and Community Relations Contrary to expectations, the working of overtime police officers and regular police officers seems to differ, as the former is more hostile to the community.
• Police Departments’ Diversity Hiring Practices The first article by Donohue is titled Shades of Blue: A review of the hiring, recruitment, and selection of female and minority police officers.
• Terrorism and Changes in Police Management Firstly, the police and organizations related to the population’s safety prioritized the prevention of terrorism to minimize the damage. Organizing in the police station involves the creation of organizational structure, points of authority, and responsibilities.
• The Usefulness of Using Offender Profiling to a Police Force Determining the value and effectiveness of this practice can be performed by analyzing the approach in the context of interaction with the police forces involved in the investigation of criminal offenses.
• The Media and the Police: Interactions Analysis The idea of a trust hierarchy is crucial in determining how the media and the police interact. The idea of a trust hierarchy is crucial in determining how the media and the police interact.
• The Police Culture and Corruption Goal misalignment between the community and police occurred as a result of militarized police starting to view themselves as armies battling on the front lines of war instead as public servants.
• Professional Police Force: Environmental Research and Public Health In this context, the objective of police advertising is to attract precisely those who are both seriously interested in the position and are well-qualified for it from the potential applicants’ total pool.
• Social Issue Analysis: The Trauma Lens of Police Violence It is the most visible manifestation of the struggle for justice, and the police are usually expected to support the victims of injustice.
• Police Administration Issue: Crime Victim Rights Moreover, the police administration has not acknowledged that the decision of the hospital does, in fact, protect the victims’ rights, a duty that is to be implemented by law enforcement.
• Effects of Body-Worn Cameras on the Relationships Between the Police and Citizens The reasons for carrying out this research are to learn the impact of BWCs on the relationships between the police and ordinary citizens and to clarify if some improvements can be offered at the moment.
• Effective Police Supervision: Encouraging Collaboration With the combination of the two methods in question, a rise in collaboration between the community and the police is to be expected.
• Being Killed by Police Use of Force in the US The topic of the chosen article is the risk of being killed by police in the United States. In connection to the topic, they find that Latino men are at a higher risk than white […]
• Police Brutality: Causes and Solutions If the criminal is armed and firing at the police, the use of force is acceptable. However, when the actions of the police are disproportionate to the committed crimes, the necessity of such measures is […]
• Police Corruption: A Crime With Severe Consequences Police corruption is a severe crime that can lead to adverse consequences for the officer-criminals and society. The documentary “Seven Five” shows the story of one of the most criminal police officers Michael Dowd.
• Black Lives Matter and Trump’s Use of Secret Police He has tried to hide the truth and the police brutality that took Floyd’s life, just as it endangered the lives of other black Americans.
• Police-Minority Relations: Criminal Justice Occasionally, charges of police misbehavior, such as the tragic killings of Black individuals at the hands of police in Baltimore, Maryland, and Ferguson, Missouri, spark public unrest.
• Impact of Police Brutality on the Society in the United States The issue of racism is one that has led to police brutality that has been witnessed in the American society for a long time.
• The Ethical Issue of Police Informants The inconsistency of Chambers’s figure lies in the fact that the agent pretended to be a person without a criminal past to get the job.
• Analysis of Mapping Police Violence After analyzing the content on the web page related to police violence, I realized that there are more murders committed by police than I expected.
• Police-Involved Shootings and Use of Force Analysis Adler and Adler expressed this scenario in the form of “The Gloried Self” a socially- and media-reflected blinding self-image of glory. Police officers should not be hesitant and incapable of maintaining order in the streets.
• March for Our Lives: Campaign to Defund Police in Schools The fundamental goal of the March for Our Lives movement is to inspire Americans to avoid unnecessary risks and prevent gun violence by any means.
• Howard Liebengood’s Life as a Police Officer For example, he took part in an event that celebrated the meaning of justice, where he demonstrated to children the various practices of the everyday life of an officer.
• Firing Police Officer for Violation of Code of Ethics Therefore, the officer’s actions could not be judged in any other way, and the fact of being off-duty does not justify the violation of the Code of Ethics of his department.
• Defunding the Police: What Does It Mean? Those supporting the action of defunding want to see true reforms in the police force and cut down the ‘rotten trees’ that have been tarnishing the reputation of the institutions.
• Impacts of the Overlaps Between Communication and Criminal Justice for Police-Suspect Interactions The underlying concern raised by the interaction between Floyd and Chauvin as well as the other three police officers is that a breakdown of communication before and during the arrest led to the escalation.
• George Floyd’s Speech on Police Abuse I could do nothing but shout everything that was coming into my head, and the main thing that I was trying to deliver is that I was hurt, that I am not a bad man, […]
• COMPSTAT Police Management System Still, the original objective of this management system was to eliminate the numbers game in police departments. To summarize, COMPSTAT is a management system that can elevate the effectiveness of police departments.
• Police Departments in Los Angeles, New York, and Atlanta The Knapp Commission was a major investigation of corruption within the New York Police Department in the 1970s. It was influential as it uncovered a massive and deliberate system of chain corruption that pulled in […]
• Police Use of Force: An Examination of the Minority Threat Perspective The authors are intended to explore whether gender and sex are influential in the context of criminal justice. It is essential to adjust to the modern changes of self-identification and respect people in their self-representation.
• The UN as a Global Police Force and Negotiation Facilitator The purpose of the paper is to address the failures and successes of the organization’s peace initiatives in an effort to evaluate its ability to ensure greater global security.
• The Problem of Racism in the Police Force Atiba argues that the problem of racism, especially in the police force, is solvable. In most of the cases, it is often interpreted as lack of love and compassion towards people of the other race.
• Police Encounters With Suspects and Evidence Officer Taylor also had reasonable suspicion to make the driver stop the care as it had similar characteristics to the vehicle involved in a road-side killing of a police officer.
• Police Relations With African American Citizens The problem of police brutality and unfair treatment of people is often raised in the media and provokes protests among citizens.
• The Sexual Harassment Suit: Pennsylvania State Police vs. Suders The purpose of this paper is to present the cause of the suit, analyze the results of the case, and propose possible actions and procedures to prevent the problem.
• Illegal Police Actions. Fourth Amendments. There are many loopholes used to evade the jurisdiction of the fourth amendment thus it can be argued that it does not provide sufficient protection to U.S.citizens. It is a big problem when police officers […]
• Stress Patterns in Police Work: A Longitudinal Study The research problem identified by the investigator relates to the prevalence of distress in the police occupation. The primary variable of the study was the mean stress measure, which was derived from the Langner-22 list […]
• Training Police Officers. Obtaining Data From Digital Devices In the context of present-day developments, figures saved and produced via modern gadgets and devices, may contribute to the clarification of the happening in the process of investigation.
• Instruction for a Police Officer in Curaçao Hence, the first crucial aspect of the instruction is to convey to Curacao citizens the idea that the police protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, especially human life, preventing and solving crimes, […]
• History of Police Brutality: The Murder of George Floyd Police officers strive to maintain order and ensure adherence to the laws of the state. The standards observed the right to democracy and addressed the need for representation.
• Researching of Police Shift Work The video by The Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy offers the study results regarding the influence of 8-, 10-, and 12-hour shifts on police officers.
• Police Technology Risks Regarding Personal Privacy Nevertheless, some of the technologies used by police and other agencies have raised concerns of the public over the threat to citizens’ rights and freedoms.
• Agency Interaction and Police Corruption One of the officers told me that I do not need to pay for my food at this restaurant because the owners give it free to the police officers.
• Public Concern on Police Service’s Poor Morale To show the City Council that this is a problem, the study set up should defeat the null hypothesis that the negative job satisfaction of police in the city council has no effect on job […]
• High-Speed Police Pursuits & Restrictions in the US The research methodology proposed in the paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the restrictive policies applied to police pursuits. How did the numbers of police pursuits change in correlation with the implemented policies?
• In-House Communications Training for Police Officers Following the onset of the demonstrations related to George Floyd’s incident, the Dallas Police Department released a report that its officers struggled to communicate with the public and act as a unified force.
• Data-Based Analysis Approach in Preventing Crime at Dallas Police Department The main objective of the proposed approach, in contrast, is to enhance the effectiveness of the analysis and research functions within the Intelligence Led Policing Division. It would allow to change the existing system of […]
• Replacing the Police Chief: Spanning’s Recruitment Plan Thirdly, due to the political and non-reforming nature of some of the council members, Spanning had another advantage of performing proper background vetting and presentation of the appointee to the council.
• The Police in the 2005 Urban Uprising in Toledo The 2005 Toledo Riot is an event that fulfilled the seven attributes of modern city rebellions while at the same time painting a true image of race relations, inequality, and crime in the United States. […]
• Friendship Police Department Organizational Change The one that is going to challenge the efforts, which will be aimed at rectifying the situation, is the lack of trust that the employees have for the new leader who they expect to become […]
• Body-Worn Cameras Against Police Brutality in New York There is often a legal foundation to such a privileged position; the laws control the oppressed class and mitigate threats to the power of the ruling class.
• Criticism of the Police Recruitment Method This paper will criticise the police recruitment process and the criteria used in the selection of police officers, particularly the use of background investigation to determine a participant’s integrity and personality testing using psychological tests, […]
• Police Activities and Lessons Learned From the Attacks Thus, the research aims to discuss and analyze the police reaction to the accident and the effectiveness of the realized operations as well as the importance of the lessons learnt for the further development of […]
• Police Pursuits Overview and Analysis Whenever a police tries to stop a motorist and the motorist decides to disobey the order of the police officer and evades, the police can initiate a pursuit.
• Professional Development of Police Officers: Grant Proposal and Presentation Therefore, the department needs to train its officers to help them analyze what causes of violence in the area. Therefore, the department will train some of its officers to help them rehabilitate juvenile offenders in […]
• Police Corruption, Misconduct and Brutality: When a Good-Cop-Bad-Cop Routine Goes Wrong The given cases show that, sadly enough, power abuse among the members of the police department is still an issue, and it is probably going to be as long as the means to coordinate the […]
• Conflicts of Police Officers With the Members of the Minority Groups This question is discussed by a lot of researchers according to a variety of social aspects such as the relations of majority and minority groups, the rate of crimes according to the racial characteristic, the […]
• Impacts of Terrorism on Police Mission in the U.S. The incidence of September 11 2001 has remarkably transformed the police force in the U.S. There is an increase in the level of monitoring of international travels and boundaries by the police force.
• Law Enforcement: Police Misconduct and Police Violence The article further points out the need to have better guidelines to govern the police on the use of Tasers. This has led to the loosening of the bond between the police and society.
• Burglary Under Greenfield Police Department Investigation The principal in particular can provide the record of the students who are usually absent from the school at the time the burglaries occur.
• Police Action in Times of Public Crisis At other times, the police will tend to go against the law and do things, which are not acceptable, not only by the law of the country but also to the social ethics of citizens.
• “Understanding Police Use of Force” by Klahm, C & Tillyer, R. To effectively bring out the correlates of police use of force and the varied reaction this is likely to amass from the general public, the writers of this article have borrowed from a number of […]
• The Police Mission, Operational Strategies, Styles of Policing Today Besides enforcing the order, the mission of policing is to investigate activities suspected as criminal and refer the outcome to the court of law.
• Police Performance and Measurement The diverse array of citizens requires police to be constantly trained on how to handle the individuals in the society. Lastly, the unclear mandate of the police has been an impediment to the work done […]
• Cops Count, Police Matter: Of Tactics and Strategy In ensuring the police play an active role in crime control, the authors take note of the flawed argument suggesting that acts of crime are caused by poverty, the economy, demographics, racism and social injustice, […]
• Intimate Partner Violence Against Police Officers The main goal is to make it known that the problem is extreme in the rural areas and urge the law enforcement agencies to utilize the existing law to solve the problem.
• Racial Profiling by Police: Effects and Possible Remedies When the police engage in racial profiling mistrust between the public and the police arises. The causes of such mistrust may be due to poor communication between law enforcement individuals and community members due to […]
• Discretion of Police in Traffic Stops The police should then have called the parents to inform them of the incident and charge the boy for disobeying the law.
• Ethical Decision-Making Among Police Officers It is the success of the institution in protecting the law that must be the highest motivation for a police officer to regulate his actions.
• Behavior of a Police Officer Within an Ethical Dilemma First and foremost, one should note that one of the most typical ethical concerns in the relevant field is the cases of discrimination on the ground of the national origin.
• Ethical Observations: Sexual Misconduct of Police The first issue to pay attention to is the sexual misconduct involving the police officer and the crime victim. Two internal investigations were initiated to determine whether the sexual misconduct was observed in relation to […]
• Police Recruiting and Hiring in Jurkanin’s Article He likens police work to sports because it requires officers to be highly dedicated to their duties. Police officers need to acquire advanced skills to help them deal with different crimes that happen in areas […]
• Key Issues That Influence Police Behavior The role of the police in the society is central when it comes to ensuring law and order. The policing task is the most prominent manifestation of the government and is easily recognizable by members […]
• Domestic Violence Factors Among Police Officers The objective of this research is to establish the level of domestic violence among police officers and relative the behavior to stress, divorce, police subculture, and child mistreatment.
• Evaluating Productivity Metrics: Police Effectiveness Overall, the use of multiple criteria is partly based on the premise that police officers should be empowered by the administrators of law-enforcement agencies. This is one of the details that should be singled out.
• Police Effectiveness Analysis At that, effectiveness is the ability to achieve the goal set whereas efficiency is the ability to accomplish certain tasks in the shortest time and with the use of minimum effort, funds, and so on.
• Discipline of Police Force Affects Trust in Public All the police personnel have the right of legitimate use of force when carrying out their duty of enforcing the law.
• Academy Program for Police Recruits Learning academies provide the foundation and therefore they cannot be eliminated in training force for the sake of police officers to be.
• The 1919 Boston Police Strike In August 1919, the Boston police strike started when the police service attempted to seek unionization in the American Federation of Labor. Administratively, the structure of the police force also contributed to the grievances of […]
• Instances That May Result to Police Liability One common thing, however, is that in all the countries of the world, the body that concerns itself with the responsibility of enforcing the governing laws is the police.
• Police, Justice and Law: Knights in Shining Armor Therefore, the legitimacy of the comparison of police to warriors depends on the concept that the person making the comparison has of a warrior.
• Dallas Police Department: Training Techniques Changes The author of this paper identifies the problem to be a lack of proper training and the use of outdated modes of instruction.
• Police Suicide: Causes, Prevention, Impacts As much as the media and the general population assume police officers are less susceptible to stress and depression due to long exposure to the life stressors, research indicates otherwise.
• The Police Operation and Entrapment: A Case Stude After Bob took the bomb to Carl’s house and placed it on Carl’s automobile, the police had all the evidence they needed that Bob was attempting to murder Carl. Here, the police observed Bob strapping […]
• Excessive Force and Brutality in Police There are several policies and precedence cases that guide the concept of the use of force in the police force. To avoid such cases in the future, there should be new policies that guide the […]
• Los Angeles Police Department’s Organizational Climate Bureaucracies and red tapes, the nature of leadership and generally the organization culture are among the key elements that determine the organizational climate.
• Motivation in Police Department This is because most of the time those in supervisory levels in the various workplaces do not know how to effectively communicate with their employees, intending to encourage them to work to reach the goals […]
• Police Approach of Security Depends on Skin Color and the Accent of the Tongue The consequences of this trend by the police are highlighted by the paper just as much as statistics that indicate the presence of discrimination by the police.
• Job Description of a Police Officer Police officers are members of the police force and go by different names according to their ranking within the police force.
• Police Personality Position Overview On the other hand, work-related personality, also referred to as socialization and experience point of view, suggest that most of their individuality traits are acquired in the course of their police work.
• Portland Police Community Officer Core Obligations A police officer is expected to monitor violations of the law and regulations in the respective area of jurisdiction. In cases of casualties for example in an accident scene a police officer is expected to […]
• Police Accountability Analysis The policing strategies are supposed to agree with the expectations of the society in order to make both the police work effective as well as to enhance the relationship between the police and the community.
• Criminal Violations Committed By Police/Correction Any show of disrespect for police authority is a matter of great concern, and as such, the person responsible is likely to be punished by arrest or use of force.
• The Los Angeles Police Department Los Angeles Police Department is the police department for the city of Los Angeles. It is the mission of the Los Angeles Police Department to safeguard the lives and property of the people we serve, […]
• The Use of Discretion in Police Work This is a reasonable discretion and the police officer is free to make any decision. In such a situation, a police officer is free to make any of the two decisions.
• Police Role Description in the Media Secondly, the police’s role as crime fighters is depicted by the arrest of the teenagers as well as the collection of the evidence.
• Concepts of Police Ethics and Deviance Corruption is one of the most common police deviant behaviors, a fact that has tainted the image of the police in society.
• Police and Racial and Ethnic Minorities The view is that profiling is not only limited to what the police are engaged in towards the blacks but that the whole prosecutorial system is compromised.
• Police Search and Law Procedure Although they fled from the place, the police could reach them with the help of the evidence. According to the Fourth Amendment, the authority should have a warrant if they have to arrest a person […]
• Desdemona and Vince: Legal Issues in Police Conduct The legal issues that can be mentioned in the case of Desdemona and Vince include the aspects of the whole procedure of arrest as well as the process of questioning.
• Police and Policing – Change in Police Role The new implementation of the act was encountered by public fears as the members of the public were not comfortable with the militaries that were deployed in mater to do with domestic affairs, as they […]
• The Issues of Police Violence Analysis Social skills and the norms of society are learned in this process, allowing children to better develop in the future. Because of their inability to concentrate or catch up with others in terms of basic […]
• Trends in Police Recorded Crime in Northern Ireland Michael O’Sullivan notes, “according to the PSNI, the number of violent crimes has doubled in the past year, and the number of cases of violence without injuries has increased by 80%”.
• The Legality of the Use of Force by the Police Often, the protection of the rights of the majority is carried out through the use of physical force against a perpetrator.
• Ethical Police Problems
• The Role of Fusion Centers in Affecting the Work of Police
• San Diego Police Officers Asscociation
• Police Brutality: Social Issue
• Victims’ Assistance: Maryland Police Departments Websites Analysis
• Risk Management in Police Force Institutions
• Gender and Perception of Police Work
• LAPD and Cultural Awareness Courses to Police Officers
• Handling the Case of Police Officer Tom Delany
• Police Corruption in “The Detonator” by Wesley Snipes
• Police Officers Working With Diverse Population. Challenges and Solutions
• Cross-Cultural Contact by Police and Civilians
• Police Department Administration in Abilene
• Abu Dhabi Police Department’s Total Quality Management
• Abu Dhabi Police Department Innovations
• The Use of Force by the Police: A Perspective
• Police Officer Job Analysis
• Police Psychologist Interpretation
• Arming Police Assault Rifles
• Top Court Rules Against Police in Search Case
• Shortfalls in Recruiting and Retention: New York Police
• Police Officer Pushed a Cyclist: Media Coverage
• Organizational Structure in American Police Analysis
• Police Dogs Usage Analysis
• Stress of Police Officers and How They Cope With It
• Police Functions: Forensic Science and Fingerprinting
• Police Administration Structures in America
• Police Interrogation: Legal Issues and Limitations
• Police Investigative Questioning and Techniques
• The Job of Police Detective
• Training Theories for New Police Recruits Review
• Waterloo Regional Police’s Centralised Information System
• Setting Up of a Behavioral Science Unit in a Police Department
• Police Liability Issues and High Speed Pursuits
• The Police Tapes by Alan and Susan Raymonds Review
• Policing: CompStat and San Diego Police Department
• The New York Police Department’s Policing Style
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police vs. Software Piracy
• Strategies of Police Organization
• Police Reform in Russia: Evaluation of Police Corruption
• Police Corruption in Russia: Determinants and Future Policy Implications
• Walker’s New Framework for Police Accountability
• Police Support for Community Problem-Solving and Broken Windows Policing
• The New York City Police Department and Society
• Police Departments and Accreditation
• Small Police Departments’ Organizational Analysis
• The Case of Terryl Smith, the Oakland Police Officer
• The Los Angeles Police Department Program Initiative
• Police Brutality as a Law Enforcement Challenge
• Social Psychology: Police Brutality
• Technology Influences on Police Brutality
• The Job of Police Officers
• Police Misconduct and Addressing Recommendations
• False Confessions and Unethical Police Behavior
• Individual Liberties: Police Searches Without a Warrant
• Dubai Police and Cooperation With Media
• Police Stereotyping in a Multicultural Society
• Manners of Death in Police
• Los Angeles Police Department’s Use of Force Policy
• Designing a Recruitment Program for the WA Police
• Criminal Law: Racial Profiling by Police
• Hiring Police Officers in Five Steps
• Police Officers’ Bias Against Black Men
• Police Officers’ Excuses for Unethical Behavior
• Police Officer’s Career Research
• The New World of Police Accountability
• Student Police Officer’s Decision-Making in Campus
• Police Attitudes Toward Drugs and Drug Enforcement
• Criminal Justice Administration and Police Functions
• Police Psychologist’s Role in Homicide Investigation
• Police Officer Situational Analysis
• Police Corruption and Citizen’s Ethical Dilemma
• Police Force in Interactions With Mentally Ill
• Abu Dhabi Police Self-Assessment
• Police Accountability and Public Information Access
• Police Accountability and Vollmer’s Reform
• Police Managing the Ambiguities of Gifts
• Dubai Police Applying Total Quality Management
• Police Misconduct and Forces of Deviance
• Police Accountability and Community Policing
• Police Workplace Discipline and Misconduct
• The Abu Dhabi Police Corporate Sustainability
• Police Officer’s Must-Have Characteristics
• American Police Corruption and Its Classification
• Police Departments: Defective Areas and Solutions
• Interrogation Techniques Used by the Police
• Police Communication Skills Importance
• Police Beliefs and Attitudes Towards Interrogating Minors
• Decision-Making Information System for Police Department
• Police Officers’ Attitudes to Mentally Ill Women
• Predictors of Job Satisfaction Among Police Officers
• Baltimore Maryland Police Department
• Ending Police Misconduct: Cleveland Police Department
• The Organizational Reasons Police Departments Don’t Change
• Justice Department Ends Era of Pushing Police Reform
• Police Misconduct and Civil Forfeiture Law
• Quarantine, Its Legal Process and Police Power
• Police Officer’s Power Abuse and Plain View Doctrine
• Police Shooting Behaviour, Memory, and Emotions
• Local Police Role in Homeland Security
• Police Patrol Presence in Crime “Hot Spots”
• Police Culture in “The Critical Criminology Companion”
• The Management of Police and Development of Law
• The Dubai City’s Governance and Economy
• White Police’s Discrimination Against Black People
• Homeland Security: Police and Profiling
• Corrupt Practices of the Police and Correctional Systems
• Police Stress Within Law Enforcement
• South African Police Service vs. Solidarity obo Barnard
• Organizational Culture in Police Department
• Black Panthers’ Violence Against Police Officers
• Police Officers’ White Lie in Criminal Investigation
• Power Abuse in Police Officer’s Actions
• American Police Officers’ Ethics and Professionalism
• Dubai Police and Expo 2020 Security Strategies
• Blue Wall of Silence in Police Subculture
• Police Issues and Practices Discussion
• Police Officers’ Morale and Resources Availability
• Police ‘Shooter Bias’ Against African-Americans
• Police Ethics and Misconduct
• Police’ Discretion: Definition, Examples and Rationality
• The English Influence on Modern Police
• Police Technology: Development and Progress
• Management and Philosophy for Police Departments
• Dubai Police Force Organizational Culture
• Police Violence as a Mutual Problem
• Abu Dhabi Police GHQ Management and Leadership
• Concept of Police Detective Job
• Knowledge Sharing in the Dubai Police Force
• Is Dubai Police Force a World Class Organization?
• Police Officer Job Requirements and Hiring Process
• Employees Management in the Police Department
• Corruption and Accountability of Police Work
• Police Supervisors’ Influence on Law Enforcement Changes
• Police Development Foundations and Functions
• Police and Corrections Officers’ Stress – Psychology
• American Police Community Relations
• Communication and Ethical Issues in Police
• Police, Courts and Corrections Management
• Police Poor Adherence to Established Codes of Conduct
• Abu Dhabi Police Organizational Change
• Police Authority or Brutality?
• Social Issues: Police Protection of the Ku Klux Klan
• Police Work in Community
• Police Abuse and Laws Against It
• The Abu Dhabi Police
• Police Suicide and Preventive Programs
• Public Administration Issue: Police Brutality
• Final Program Evaluation: Increasing Police Numbers to Reduce Juvenile Crime in the UAE
• Increase Police Numbers to Reduce UAE’s Juvenile Crime Rate
• Police Service Transformation: A Critical Evaluation of Implementing Transformational Leadership in the Homicide Division
• The Royal Oman Police’ Traffic Safety
• Use of Social Media in The Police Force in Queensland
• Proposed Budget for an Additional Five Police Officers for the City Council
• Police Trauma: Paying the Ultimate Price to Protect and Serve
• New Technological Advances Within the Police Department
• The Decision-Making Process of the Police Service
• National Security Policies That Intersect/Conflict With Local Police Power
• Community Policing and Police Psychology
• The Role of Public Police in United States
• History of Police Psychology
• Police Misconduct: What Can Be Done?
• Organization Behavior: Steelhead Police Department
• Management of Police Department
• Virtual Police Department
• Contrast the Different Levels of Police Operations and Their Unique Operations
• Water Regional Police Services Project Implementation
• Police Response to the Ningbo Protest: Justified or Inappropriate?
• Police Minority Killings
• Corruption in Law Enforcement
• Police in Law Enforcement Misconduct
• Police Subculture: Culture’s Factors and Performance
• Greenfield Police Department’s Hiring Process
• DNA Definition and Its Use by the US Police
• How Police Conduct Towards Women of Color?
• Why Did the Police in 1888 Never Catch Jack the Ripper?
• How Police Access Data Obtain Criminal Information?
• How Female Police Officers Help Decease Police Violence?
• How Local Police Departments Handling Terrorism?
• How Can Police On-Body Cameras Be Useful?
• How Can the Police Secure Public Legitimacy?
• How Have the Police Departments Evolved Over the Last Thirty Years?
• Why Racism Among the Police Not Punished?
• How Can Technology Help Police and Government Officials Solve Crime?
• Why Police Prejudice Against Minorities?
• Why Do the Police Don’t Care About Computer Crime?
• How Could the Ethical Management of Health Data in the Medical Field Inform Police Use of DNA?
• How Police Effectively Cope With Stress Stemming From Work?
• Why Should All Police Officers Carry Tasers?
• How Are Computer Forensics Used in Police Investigations?
• Why Police Officers Engage in Corruption?
• Who Invented the Police Force?
• How Police Agencies Handle the Process of Interrogation?
• What Is Police Doing About Domestic Violence?
• How Does Media Affect the Public’s Perception of Police?
• How Might Police Officers Be Held Criminally Liable for Their Misconduct?
• What Are the Staff Positions in a Typical Police Department
• Are Offender Profiles Useful in Police Investigations?
• Why Do Police Officers Perceive Themselves as True Outsiders?
• What Are the Major Functions of the Police?
• How the Police Overstep Their Mandate When Searching People?
• How Police Have Used Crime Linkage?
• When Does Police Discretion Cross Boundaries?
• Why Are Police Called Bobbies?
• Black Lives Matter Topics
• Criminal Procedure Titles
• DNA Essay Ideas
• Gun Control Titles
• Organized Crime Titles
• Government Regulation Titles
• Prison Paper Topics
• Social Justice Essay Ideas
• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Police Brutality — Police Brutality: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

Police Brutality: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

• Categories: Police Brutality Racial Profiling

About this sample

Words: 504 |

Published: Jan 30, 2024

Words: 504 | Page: 1 | 3 min read

Table of contents

Definition and forms of police brutality, causes of police brutality, consequences of police brutality, solutions to address police brutality.

• Amnesty International. (2021). Police Brutality and Accountability. https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/policing/police-brutality-and-accountability/
• Blumenfeld, W. J. (2016). Travesties of police community relations: Police brutality, misconduct, and corruption. Routledge.
• Reiss, A. J., & Bordua, D. J. (1967). 'Dirty work' in police services. Social Problems, 14(4), 386-397.
• Smith, B. W., & Holmes, M. D. (2003). Community Policing: Clarifying Police Roles: British Policing in a Changing Society. Taylor & Francis.

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• Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/police-raid-gay-venues-in-moscow-after-supreme-court-labels-lgbtq-movement-extremist

Police raid gay venues in Moscow after Supreme Court labels LGBTQ+ movement ‘extremist’

Russian security forces raided gay clubs and bars across Moscow Friday night, less than 48 hours after the country’s top court  banned what it called the “global LGBTQ+ movement”  as an extremist organization.

Police searched venues across the Russian capital, including a nightclub, a male sauna, and a bar that hosted LGBTQ+ parties, under the pretext of a drug raid, local media reported.

Eyewitnesses told journalists that clubgoers’ documents were checked and photographed by the security services. They also said that managers had been able to warn patrons before police arrived.

The raids follow a decision by Russia’s Supreme Court to label the country’s LGBTQ+ “movement” as an extremist organization.

The ruling, which was made in response to a  lawsuit filed by the Justice Ministry,  is the latest step in a decadelong crackdown on LGBTQ+ rights under President Vladimir Putin, who has emphasized “traditional family values” during his 24 years in power.

Activists have noted the lawsuit was lodged against a movement that is not an official entity, and that under its broad and vague definition authorities could crack down on any individuals or groups deemed to be part of it.

READ MORE: Russian court sentences artist who protested Ukraine war to 7 years in prison in crackdown on free speech

Several LGBTQ+ venues have already closed following the decision, including St. Petersburg’s gay club Central Station. It wrote on social media Friday that the owner would no longer allow the bar to operate with the law in effect.

Max Olenichev, a human rights lawyer who works with the Russian LGBTQ+ community, told The Associated Press before the ruling that it effectively bans organized activity to defend the rights of LGBTQ+ people.

“In practice, it could happen that the Russian authorities, with this court ruling in hand, will enforce (the ruling) against LGBTQ+ initiatives that work in Russia, considering them a part of this civic movement,” Olenichev said.

Before the ruling, leading Russian human rights groups had filed a document with the Supreme Court that called the Justice Ministry lawsuit discriminatory and a violation of Russia’s constitution. Some LGBTQ+ activists tried to become a party in the case but were rebuffed by the court.

In 2013, the Kremlin adopted the first legislation restricting LGBTQ+ rights, known as the “gay propaganda” law, banning any public endorsement of “nontraditional sexual relations” among minors. In 2020, constitutional reforms pushed through by Putin to extend his rule by two more terms also included a provision to outlaw same-sex marriage.

After sending troops into Ukraine in 2022, the Kremlin ramped up a campaign against what it called the West’s “degrading” influence. Rights advocates saw it as an attempt to legitimize the war. That same year, a law was passed banning propaganda of “nontraditional sexual relations” among adults, also, effectively outlawing any public endorsement of LGBTQ+ people.

Another law passed this year prohibited gender transitioning procedures and gender-affirming care for transgender people. The legislation prohibited any “medical interventions aimed at changing the sex of a person,” as well as changing one’s gender in official documents and public records.

Russian authorities reject accusations of LGBTQ+ discrimination. Earlier this month, Russian media quoted Deputy Justice Minister Andrei Loginov as saying that “the rights of LGBT people in Russia are protected” legally. He was presenting a report on human rights in Russia to the U.N. Human Rights Council in Geneva, arguing that “restraining public demonstration of nontraditional sexual relationships or preferences is not a form of censure for them.”

The Supreme Court case is classified and it remains unclear how LGBTQ+ activists and symbols will be restricted.

Many people will consider leaving Russia before they become targeted, said Olga Baranova, director of the Moscow Community Center for LGBTQ+ Initiatives.

“It is clear for us that they’re once again making us out as a domestic enemy to shift the focus from all the other problems that are in abundance in Russia,” Baranova told the AP.

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ICYMI: New & Notable Articles (27 May 2024)

Each week, we collect the articles that we posted in the last week and put them all in one place, right here on the blog. So no worries if you missed an article we posted to Facebook , X/Twitter , Mastodon , Threads , Bluesky , Instagram and/or LinkedIn . 

Here they are, I n C ase Y ou M issed I t: 

HOPKINS PRESS PODCAST: Helene Hedian on Building Patient-Centered Trans Health Care

On this month's Hopkins Press Podcast , we talk with Helene Hedian , MD,  Director of Clinical Education, Center for Transgender and Gender Expansive Health, discussing data in a new study published in the February 2024 edition of Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved ," What Patients Want in a Transgender Center:Building a Patient-Centered Program ."

Dr. Helene Hedian is an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Director of Clinical Education at the Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender and Gender Expansive Health, and the Assistant Vice Chair for LGBTQ+ Equity and Education in the Department of Medicine. Her academic interests include internal medicine, medical education, and the specific health needs of LGBTQ patients. 

For further reading, see “ What Patients Want in a Transgender Center:Building a Patient-Centered Program ” for free in Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved   through 30 June 2024  

What Patients Want in a Transgender Center: Building a Patient-Centered Program

Helene f. hedian , md , paula m. neira , msn, jd, rn, cen , devin coon , md, mse , joshua schwarz , phd , joseph cofrancesco jr, md, mph , and brandyn d. lau , mph  , journal of health care for the poor and underserved volume 35, number 1, february 2024.

As featured in the Hopkins Press Podcast, Helene Hedian and her colleagues discuss the findings of a 2016 study that shares how Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender and Gender Expansive Health assessed patients' perceptions of health care organizations that provide gender-affirming care.

Read free in Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved thru 30 June  

Transgender Men and Non-Binary Students Managing Their Identities to Pay for College

Alex c. lange, review of higher education ahead of print, 2024.

Compared to previous generations, U.S. college students must increasingly rely on non-government sources of money to pay for college. Yet, paying for college looks markedly different for students from marginalized communities, given historical exclusion and inequitable access to financial capital. 

Using data from a longitudinal study of transgender men and non-binary students, this study argues that identity management is a key tactic these students use to pay for college and navigate competing financial priorities. Ultimately, this study can help researchers and policymakers better address issues of affordability, while more clearly understanding the unique nature of identity management for transgender students.

Read free in Review of Higher Education thru 30 June  

Identifying White Mediocrity and Know-Your-Place Aggression: A Form of Self-Care

Koritha mitchell, african american review volume 51, number 4, winter 2018.

Koritha Mitchell explores what she calls “know-your-place aggression” in African American Review, now available to read free thru 14 June

Explore further with a new interview with Dr. Mitchell in Public Books .

Excited Delirium: Why does this discredited term stick around?

In a new guest blog, Phoebe Friesen , PhD and Arjun Byju , MD examine the persistence of the discredited diagnosis "excited delirium" Their new article in Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology and its responses are all free to read through 31 May.

Read “ Making up Monsters, Redirecting Blame: An Examination of Excited Delirium ” in the new issue of Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology , free through 31 May. 

Read further with a pair of commentaries," Excited Delirium: The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy of Police Brutality " by Kathryn Petrozzo and " Excited Delirium: What’s Psychiatry Got to do With It? " by Paul B. Lieberman , MD, as well as the authors' response: " Excited Delirium: Falsifiability, Causality, and the Importance of Advocacy " — all freely available to all readers for the month of May.    

Fluid Bodies: Wet Nurses and Breastmilk Anxieties in Eighteenth-Century Madrid

Celia crifasi, journal of women's history volume 35, number 1, spring 2023.

Celia Crifasi’s “ Fluid Bodies: Wet Nurses and Breastmilk Anxieties in 18th-Century Madrid ” recently won the 2024 Barbara “Penny” Kanner Award from the Western Association of Women Historians

Centering the voices of women seeing employment as wet nurses in late 18th-century Madrid via ads they placed in newspapers, Crifasi reconsiders what we know about breastmilk and early modern bodies

Read free in Journal of Women's History thru 14 June  

Child-Mothers and Invisible Fathers: The Paradox of "Precocious Maternity" and the Pervasiveness of Child Sexual Abuse in Nineteenth-Century America

Courtney e. thompson, journal of women's history volume 34, number 4, winter 2022.

Courtney Thompson’s “ Child-Mothers and Invisible Fathers: The Paradox of ‘Precocious Maternity’ and the Pervasiveness of Child Sexual Abuse in Nineteenth-Century America ” has won Nursing Clio’s Best Article Prize of 2023.

Thompson’s essay investigates the paradox of the "child-mother" to reveal the intersection of race, gender, sexuality, and age in 19th century culture and medicine, the instability of the categories of childhood and adulthood, and the erasure of child sexual abuse in history,

From the Archives: An AAPI Heritage Month Reading List

We're celebrating Asian American & Pacific Islander Heritage Month this May with a selection of recent journal articles spanning the Hopkins Press catalog. 

Featuring articles from Children's Literature Association Quarterly ,   Journal of Asian American Studies , American Quarterly , Asian Perspective , Theatre Journal , Feminist Formations , Arizona Quarterly , Children's Literature Association Quarterly , and Bookbird on topics including pedagogies in Asian American studies; Filipino penal colonies; Kurdish and Korean diasporas; a symposium on Mel Gurtov 's Engaging China; Lee Isaac Chung's Minari; the Asian American outdoors; and much more. 

Read free through 31 May

"To Measure is All We Know": William Carlos Williams and the Science of Measurement

Christian r. gelder, modernism/modernity volume 30, number 3, september 2023.

In order to appreciate William Carlos Williams' much-critiqued definition of “measure,” one must first understand how the science of measurement appeared in works by contemporaneous critics.

Read free in Modernism/modernity thru 31 May   

"One of the Grand Works of the World": Walt Whitman's Advocacy for the Brooklyn Waterworks, 1856–59

Stephanie m. blalock , kevin mcmullen , stefan schöberlein , and jason stacy, technology and culture volume 65, number 1, january 2024.

Walt Whitman may be known as the “poet of America,” but fewer know about his contributions to bringing the Brooklyn Waterworks project out of obscurity through advocacy journalism.

Read more about his efforts in Technology and Culture , free thru 31 May .   

PRSA Maryland names Artisanal Intelligence "Best in Maryland"

The Public Relations Society of America Maryland Chapter recently awarded Artisanal Intelligence , the 2024 Hopkins Press Journals catalog, Best in Maryland in the publications category! 

Read all about the team work that made the dream work at our blog .  

A Web of Support for Black Women in Higher Education

Paris wicker , dorian l. mccoy , rachelle winkle-wagner , and imani barnes, the review of higher education volume 47, number 1, fall 2023.

In a new guest blog post, "A Web of Support for Black Women in Higher Education," the authors of a new paper in The Review of Higher Education look at support networks Black women in STEM fields create to help each other persist. 

Read “ A Web of Support: A Critical Narrative Analysis of Black Women’s Relationships in STEM Disciplines ”  in The Review of Higher Education 47.1, Fall 2023 free through 31 May 2024

Sabbath Stillness: Thoughts of a Lingering God

Claire e. wolfteich, spiritus: a journal of christian spirituality volume 24, number 1, spring 2024.

Out now: the new issue of Spiritus: A Journal of Christian Spirituality ,  featuring an open access article: Claire E. Wolfteich 's " Sabbath Stillness: Thoughts of a Lingering God "

MLN Forum: Translators Reimagine Literary Citizenship in the Academy

Eleni theodoropoulos and bradley harmon, mln volume 138, number 5, december 2023.

How and when will translation receive recognition for its crucial role in the academic ecosystem? 

Spanning the Hopkins Press blog & 9 articles in a new special issue of MLN , it's a lively and thoughtful 10-scholar forum, open access for a year thru March 2025  

Hopkins Press Podcast: Gabriela Lee on Reading Cinderella in the Philippines

We begin our third season of the Hopkins Press Podcast with an interview with speculative fiction author and children's literature scholar Gabriela Lee , whose recent article in Children’s Literature Association Quarterly , “ When the Shoe Doesn't Fit: Reading Cinderella as Colonial Children's Literature in the Philippines ” became a viral hit on the Hopkins Press social media earlier this year.  

Read her article, free through 31 May

When the Shoe Doesn't Fit: Reading Cinderella as Colonial Children's Literature in the Philippines

Gabriela lee, children's literature association quarterly  , volume 48, number 2, summer 2023  .

Top 20 of April 2024

Our monthly run-down of the most-read journal Hopkins Press journal articles last month.

Featuring articles from Journal of Democracy , Journal of College Student Development , Hispania , World Politics , Configurations , Journal of Orthodox Christian Studies , Bulletin of the History of Medicine , Spiritus: A Journal of Christian Spirituality , Journal of Chinese Religions , Diacritics , Bulletin of the History of Medicine , Georgetown Journal of International Affairs , Library Trends , Studies in Romanticism , Twentieth-Century China , Technology and Culture , Theory & Event , Children's Literature Association Quarterly , Social Research: An International Quarterly , and Shakespeare Bulletin .

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Putin’s New War Weapon: An Economist Managing the Military

In his first public appearance as the newly appointed defense minister, Andrei R. Belousov spoke about veterans’ benefits and overcrowded hospitals rather than a new offensive in Ukraine.

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By Anton Troianovski and Anatoly Kurmanaev

To President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia, appointing a new defense minister provides a new building block toward fighting a long war.

That was evident in Moscow on Monday when Andrei R. Belousov, the economist who was Mr. Putin’s surprise pick to lead Russia’s sprawling defense ministry, made his first public appearance in his new role and spoke about bureaucracy rather than the battlefield.

The pick reflects an acknowledgment that the military production that is supplying Russia’s war, and heating its economy, must be carefully managed to sustain a war of attrition with Ukraine. In addition to Mr. Belousov’s appointment, Mr. Putin also promoted Denis Manturov, the outgoing minister of trade and industry, to the post of first deputy prime minister — a sign that expanding industrial production would rise as a government priority.

At the same time, Russia is playing the long game on the battlefield. Along the front line, most recently in northeastern Ukraine, Russian forces are pushing forward slowly rather than attempting major breakthroughs to big cities, as they did at the beginning of the war — with disastrous results.

In televised remarks at Russia’s upper house of Parliament, which is expected to rubber-stamp his nomination, Mr. Belousov emphasized the bureaucratic details of the fast-growing military effort, and made no reference to the situation at the front. He described his priorities as improving standards of care and living for soldiers, veterans and their families.

The excessive paperwork that fighters faced in obtaining benefits, he said, ought to be addressed “in the framework of interagency electronic coordination.”

“It’s absolutely unacceptable” that soldiers are redirected to overcrowded hospitals when on leave, said Mr. Belousov, who was nominated to the post in a cabinet reshuffling Sunday night. “This issue needs to be resolved.”

Mr. Belousov’s focus on bureaucratic minutiae was particularly notable given that the comments came just days after the Russian forces opened a new front in the war, successfully moving across Ukraine’s northern border. His remarks offered a snapshot of how the sudden rise of a soft-spoken expert on economic policy to the helm of an enormous military apparatus waging its biggest conflict since World War II has emerged as a new component in Mr. Putin’s strategy of defeating Ukraine through a war of attrition.

Mr. Belousov’s appointment signals Mr. Putin’s focus on subordinating the country’s economy to his military needs, in the expectation that a war in Ukraine, or at least a militarized standoff with the West, could shape Russia’s future for years to come.

“Putin’s priority is war, and war of attrition is won by economics,” said Alexandra Prokopenko, a former Russian central bank official now at the Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center in Berlin.

In more than six years as Mr. Putin’s economic adviser, Mr. Belousov developed a reputation as a strong supporter of a dominant state role in the economy and of high public spending. The war has already led Mr. Putin to enact some of the proposals that Mr. Belousov had advocated for years, such as higher taxes on big business and greater use of the country’s oil savings.

In Moscow, Valentina Matviyenko, the chairwoman of the upper house of Parliament, said Mr. Belousov was the best choice to find ways to procure “new, modern weaponry, new technology and new innovations” for the military.

She added that Mr. Belousov would not be involved in command on the battlefield, which would continue to be directed by the military’s general staff.

Sergei Mironov, an ultranationalist lawmaker, welcomed Mr. Belousov’s appointment, adding that “the servicemen are not the only ones fighting today, but so are economies.”

Some Russian officials have expressed hopes that Mr. Belousov’s organizational savvy will improve Russia’s production of high precision weapons, an area where Russia continues to lag behind the West.

In particular, the officials have cited Mr. Belousov’s attempts to improve Russia’s drone production last year, by streamlining bureaucratic red tape .

“With these personnel decisions, Putin is preparing for a long-term confrontation of attrition with the West,” said Konstantin Remchukov, a Moscow newspaper editor close to the Kremlin. “The victor will be the one who has more resources — or is more effective in using them.”

A person close to the defense ministry, who discussed government policy on condition of anonymity, said that Mr. Belousov would nevertheless face challenges like Russia’s continued shortage of high-precision weapons, which has made it difficult for Russia to secure a decisive advantage on the battlefield.

Mr. Belousov is replacing Sergei K. Shoigu, a long-serving minister who was fiercely loyal to Mr. Putin. Many analysts said that, despite his close ties to the Russian leader, Mr. Shoigu’s days were numbered because of the spectacular failure of the initial invasion in February 2022.

But rather than fire Mr. Shoigu as Russia was struggling to stay in the fight, Mr. Putin chose only to replace him after his forces recovered their balance. Today, Russia appears to be in its strongest position in the war.

“Putin is seeing that a lot of things were not done right — there were very grave mistakes,” Sergei Markov, a Moscow political analyst and a former Kremlin adviser, said in a phone interview. But, he added, “you don’t make personnel decisions in a crisis.”

“Now the crisis has been resolved,” Mr. Markov said.

Mr. Shoigu’s position in the defense ministry was severely weakened last month, when prosecutors charged one of his deputies, Gen. Timur Ivanov, with “large scale” corruption. Russian commentators widely interpreted the move as evidence of Mr. Putin’s displeasure with the extravagant lifestyle of Mr. Shoigu’s inner circle.

In contrast, Mr. Belousov has not been implicated in any major corruption scandals after decades of working in the government.

“Putin needs a dependable person in the segment where the greatest amount of money is flowing,” Mr. Remchukov, the newspaper editor, said.

The person close to Russian defense ministry said that while Mr. Belousov is unlikely to root out the widespread graft in military procurement, he could hide its worst excesses, reducing the threat of outbursts of popular discontent.

The appointment of Mr. Belousov, however, does not represent a complete break from the military system that came up with the disastrous plan for the invasion.

Military analysts say that Mr. Belousov’s impact will depend on how he manages relationships with senior security officials like Gen. Valery Gerasimov, the head of the general staff.

But the appointment of a methodical bureaucrat to oversee Russia’s war effort also meshes with the consolidation of a slower-paced Russian strategy on the battlefield.

The failed attempts to stun the enemy into submission in the first month of the invasion with armored thrusts and paratrooper drops have since given way to systematic pummeling of Ukrainian defenses in various sections of the front line simultaneously.

This strategy has allowed Russia to exploit its manpower and firepower advantage to gradually inch forward against overstretched and exhausted defenders — evident in the way Russia made its recent incursions in Ukraine’s north.

Russia had initially tried to capture the northern city of Kharkiv in the early weeks of the war by sending armored columns streaming across the border along the highways. The attack quickly collapsed after encountering determined Ukrainian forces, who later forced Russia into a hasty retreat.

This time Russia has used small units of infantry supported by artillery to filter across the border and slowly push forward, one village at a time.

Military analysts said the offensive stands little chance of capturing the city of Kharkiv itself. But the attacks appear to have succeeded in drawing Ukrainian reinforcements from other sections of the front, at a time when the country is struggling to recruit enough fighters and obtain new weapons from its Western allies.

“There’s an appreciation in the Russian leadership that this is a long war that will require managing attrition, reconstitution, and defense industrial mobilization,” Michael Kofman, a Washington-based military analyst, said.

Anton Troianovski is the Moscow bureau chief for The Times. He writes about Russia, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. More about Anton Troianovski

Anatoly Kurmanaev covers Russia and its transformation following the invasion of Ukraine. More about Anatoly Kurmanaev