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Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center

OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) contains over 58,000 theses and dissertations from students at 31 of Ohio’s world-renowned academic institutions. In 2012, Google thanked OhioLINK for making ETD open-access content easier to find by Google Scholar. Theses and dissertations from Ohio’s academic institutions were downloaded more than six million times from researchers around the globe in 2015.

Consider reading this blog post to learn more about the upload process for theses and dissertations. And also check out our overview flyer  about the ETD Center.

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Dissertations & Theses

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About Theses and Dissertations

This guide covers how to obtain theses and dissertations, which are longer (often book-length) documents usually written by students as a degree requirement. These are most often associated with masters and doctoral degrees, but honors and senior theses also exist. "Thesis" (plural "theses") is often generically used for all levels, but "dissertations" is usually associated just with doctoral level documents.

To the left, you will see options to search for theses and dissertations divided up into categories (OSU, Ohio, and Worldwide).  Choose these options depending on your need.  Below you will see quick answers to the most common questions from those seeking theses and dissertations. These questions are also answered in more detail by the linked pages to the left.

Where can search for OSU theses and dissertations?

• Theses/Dissertations Mini-Catalog   for both online and print dissertations and theses.
• OhioLINK ETD Center  for online theses and dissertations (2004-present PhD, 2008-present masters, and many digitized older items)
• The Knowledge Bank  for undergraduate research or honors these

Where can I search for theses and dissertations from other colleges and universities?

• OhioLINK ETD Center  for online theses and dissertation for Ohio colleges and universities.
•   ProQuest Dissertations & Theses  for worldwide access. This one is mainly for PhD level.
• EBSCO OpenDIssertations  for searching across multiple open respositories. Note: Scroll down in records for individual theses to find URL to access item. Do not use Find It! for this tool.
• See the pages to the left for additional options.

Can I get a PDF of an OSU thesis or dissertation that is only in print? Even if I'm not currently associated with Ohio State?

• Yes. First check  OhioLINK ETD Center  - these are available to everyone.
• Didn't find it? Search Theses/Dissertations Mini-Catalog  and send the information about the thesis (the call number, title and author) to  [email protected] . They will assist you with getting a PDF.
• Didn't find it? Email [email protected] for assistance. Note: not all programs in the past required a thesis.

Need more help? See the additional pages to the left or contact [email protected] .

• Next: OSU Theses & Dissertations >>

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Dissertations & Theses

The dissertation is the hallmark of the research expertise demonstrated by a doctoral student. It is a scholarly contribution to knowledge in the student’s area of specialization. By researching and writing a dissertation, the student is expected to demonstrate a high level of knowledge and the capability to function as an independent scholar. 

A thesis is a hallmark of some master’s programs. It is a piece of original research, generally less comprehensive than a dissertation, and is meant to show the student’s knowledge of an area of specialization.  

• Document Preparation

PhD and master’s students are responsible for meeting all requirements for preparing theses and dissertations. They are expected to confer with their advisors about disciplinary and program expectations and to follow Graduate School procedure requirements.

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Ohio State has agreements with two organizations— OhioLINK and ProQuest/UMI Dissertation Publishing —that store and provide access to Ohio State theses and dissertations.  

The Graduate School’s format review is in place to help the document submission process go smoothly for the student. This format check must be done in person at 247 University Hall and cannot be accomplished electronically. The format review is required at or before the two-week notice of the final defense. 

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Directory of History Dissertations

Use at least one of the following criteria to search the directory.

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Research Thesis and Research Distinction

An undergraduate thesis is an official, academically-integrated undergraduate research project with a formal written outcome. Completing a thesis is permanently recognized on a student's diploma as graduation with "Research Distinction" or with "Honors Research Distinction".

The requirements for graduating with research distinction vary by college, but generally include submitting an application to complete a thesis at least a semester prior to graduation, enrolling in thesis course credit hours, submitting a written thesis manuscript and completing an oral examination or defense to a faculty panel. Students should discuss their interest in completing a research distinction project with their research advisor and academic advisor as early as possible.

Theses are permanently stored in the University Library's Knowledge Bank so they are also considered to be a published material.

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Please contact your academic advisor if you are interested in completing a research thesis or distinction program.

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Students should contact their academic advisor for information on graduating with Research Distinction or Honors Research Distinction.

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History (BA, BA/MA)

About this program.

Studying history creates comprehension of complexity and diversity. This is an essential skill for negotiating today's multicultural, globalized world. A history major provides students with other skills too: the ability to write clearly and persuasively and to understand complicated events in a nuanced, sophisticated way. History majors learn to read newspapers, political speeches and documents in a critical fashion, a particularly vital skill in today's information-rich world.

Why study history at Ohio State?

History has more Distinguished Teaching Award winners than any other department at Ohio State. The department has been recognized with the University’s Departmental Teaching Excellence Award and has been designated a University Center of Excellence. Members of the most productive and highly cited history faculty in Ohio, the Department’s professors have earned international reputations for scholarship, teaching, and professional service.

What can you do with this degree? 

The skills you learn in history — critical thinking, careful reading, well-crafted writing — are essential tools for a wide range of careers: law, teaching, social work, economics, advertising, banking, and government work. History trains you broadly. It opens up possibilities rather than narrowing your focus to a single career. 

Reports from the job placement office at Ohio State indicate that former history majors are working in business, banking, teaching, government work, social work, library and archival work, publishing, and law. 

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Dissertation Boot Camp

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Sponsored by The Ohio State University Office of Diversity and Inclusion, the three-day event provides Ohio State ABD students with the space to work on their dissertations/EdD projects.

In a stimulating environment, participants develop a plan to complete their degree work in a timely fashion, and receive valuable one-on-one coaching and feedback from experienced faculty. The boot camp serves to create a strong support system across academic disciplines.

*Students who wish to participate in the Boot Camp must have started writing their dissertation (or writing project) by mid-January 2024. You will need to submit your writing samples prior to the retreat for your assigned faculty coach's review.

Have questions or need accommodations?

If you have questions or a disability and require accommodations to fully participate in this activity, please send an email to contact Starr Davis . You will be contacted by someone from our staff to discuss your specific needs. Requests made 10 days prior to the event will generally allow us to provide seamless access, but the university will make every effort to meet requests made after this date.

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Use the resources below to find theses and dissertations.  These tools can also be used to find  theses or dissertations written by Ohio University students . 

ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I‎

The   ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I database  covers well over 2 million doctoral dissertations and masters theses from around the world. The complete database includes citations going back to the year 1637. The type of coverage and availability of full text, however, varies by date:

• 1938-1980: Alden Library has a set of microfilms (on the  1st floor ) which does include abstracts.
• 1988 to the present: includes Masters theses with abstracts
• 24-page free previews available for most documents
• Free access to full text of ALL Ohio University theses and dissertations

OhioLINK ETD Center

The  OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations  Center  includes citations, abstracts and in most cases full text of theses and dissertations written at  member institutions  since 2000. The full text of theses and dissertations is in PDF format and is freely available to anyone.

• The site also includes instructions for authors on how to create and submit their electronic thesis or dissertation.
• You can also browse ETDs by school and department by doing an Advanced Search .

Other Resources

DART-Europe E-Theses Portal

• Search engine for full-text theses from  more than 200 universities  in more than a  dozen European countries .

Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD)

• An “international organization dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination, and preservation of electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs).” The search engine includes millions of electronic theses and dissertations. For more information, see the  main website .

Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD)

• “Aims to be the best possible resource for finding open access graduate theses and dissertations published around the world.” Here is a  selected list of contributing institutions .
• Provides the full text of open access dissertations and theses free of charge.

WorldCat Advanced Search

• WorldCat contains records from thousands of libraries around the world.
• Use the "Limit Results by" option to "Content:  Thesis/dissertation."

Ohio University Libraries

2024 already a top-10 year for tornadoes in Ohio

by MARSHALL MCPEEK | WSYX Staff

COLUMBUS, Ohio (WSYX) — 2024 is proving to be an unusual year for tornadoes in the state of Ohio.

More than 30 twisters have been recorded in the state through April 18, far more than in a normal year. That puts 2024 in the Top 10 for tornado years in Ohio and on its way to possibly be a record-setting 12 months.

This year’s storms have come in large batches.

Ten of them happened on Feb. 27 and 28. February tornadoes are unusual to start with, let alone a full outbreak. Seven touched down on March 14, including the devastating EF3 that ravaged the Indian Lake area. Another nine hit on April 2 with five following on April 17.

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES?

Despite an El Nino pattern this season, the large-scale storm tracks are not all that unusual. Even so, the jet stream has shown some occasional strong undulations and, in several cases, has coincidentally aligned with passing cold fronts to create strong lift and shear (turning with height in the atmosphere).

That combination has created some explosive storms with enough energy and rotation to generate tornadoes (as well as large hail and damaging straight-line winds).

PREVIOUS RECORDS

On average Ohio endured 13 to 17 tornadoes each year from 1950-2022. The number of twisters has already doubled that range and that is even before the usual severe weather season begins next month. Ohio’s peak tornado months tend to be May, June, and July, averaging three to four twisters per month. Historically, June is the most active month, with a total of 271 tornadoes over those 72 years.

The worst year and single outbreak in Ohio history was in 1992.

On July 12, at least 28 tornadoes raced across the state and contributed to a record 61 twisters for the year. Another seven tornadoes ravaged the state the next day, with three more on July 14.

Every county in Ohio has reported at least one tornado since 1950.

Van Wert County is Ohio’s most tornado-prone county, with 37 tornadoes recorded between 1950 and 2022.

Franklin County is second with 34, followed by Miami (32), Lorain and Clinton (31), and Clark and Huron Counties (30). Morgan County is the least tornadic of Ohio’s 88 counties, reporting only one touchdown between 1950 and 2022.

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Former Ohio utility regulator, charged in a sweeping bribery scheme, has died

FILE - Former Public Utilities Commissioner of Ohio Sam Randazzo sits inside the courtroom at the Summit County Courthouse in Akron, Ohio, Feb. 13, 2024. Randazzo, the former top utility regulator awaiting trial on charges he took millions in bribes in conjunction with the largest corruption scandal in Ohio’s history, died by suicide on Tuesday, April 9, 2024, a spokesperson for the Franklin County Coroner’s Office said. (AP Photo/David Dermer, File)

FILE - This undated file photo provided by the Ohio Governor’s Office shows Sam Randazzo, the former Public Utilities Commissioner of Ohio. Randazzo, the former top utility regulator awaiting trial on charges he took millions in bribes in conjunction with the largest corruption scandal in Ohio’s history, died by suicide on Tuesday, April 9, 2024, a spokesperson for the Franklin County Coroner’s Office said. (Ohio Governor’s Office via AP, File)

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COLUMBUS, Ohio (AP) — A former top utility regulator awaiting trial on charges he took millions in bribes in conjunction with the largest corruption scandal in Ohio’s history died by suicide on Tuesday, a spokesperson for the Franklin County Coroner’s Office said.

Sam Randazzo , 74, the one-time chair of the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, faced the prospect of spending the rest of his life in prison if convicted of the dozens of criminal charges he faced in simultaneous federal and state investigations. He had pleaded not guilty to all of them, most notably the allegation that he accepted a $4.3 million bribe from Akron-based FirstEnergy Corp. in exchange for regulatory favors.

A spokesperson for the county coroner’s office said Randazzo was found unresponsive at a building he owned in Columbus at just before noon.

The U.S. Attorney’s Office, Ohio Attorney General’s Office and office of Republican Gov. Mike DeWine, who initially appointed Randazzo to the PUCO, all declined immediate comment.

FirstEnergy has admitted to using dark money groups to fund a $60 million bribery plot that allowed former Republican Ohio House Speaker Larry Householder to win the speakership, elect his allies and pass and defend a $1 billion nuclear bailout bill, known as House Bill 6, for two of its affiliated nuclear plants.

A jury convicted Householder and lobbyist Matt Borges last year on federal racketeering charges for their roles in the scheme. Householder was sentenced to 20 years in prison, Borges to five . Both have appealed.

Randazzo resigned his regulatory post in November 2020 after FBI agents searched his Columbus townhome and FirstEnergy revealed in security filings what it said were bribery payments of $4.3 million for his future help at the commission a month before DeWine nominated him as Ohio’s top utility regulator.

He is the second person that was accused as part of the sweeping investigation to take his own life. Long-time Statehouse lobbyist Neil Clark, one of the five people initially arrested in the probe in July 2020, died by suicide in March 2021 after pleading not guilty. The remaining two men, Juan Cespedes and Jeffrey Longstreth, pleaded guilty and are cooperating with the government in the ongoing inquiry.

Smyth contributed from Chicago. Samantha Hendrickson is a corps member for the Associated Press/Report for America Statehouse News Initiative. Report for America is a nonprofit service program that places journalists in local newsrooms.

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Formatting Guidelines For Theses, Dissertations, and DMA Documents

Guidelines for Formatting Theses, Dissertations, and DMA Documents is intended to help graduate students present the results of their research in the form of a scholarly document.

Before beginning to write a master’s thesis, PhD dissertation, or DMA document, students should read the relevant sections of the  Graduate School Handbook, section 7.8  for dissertations and/ or  section 6.4  for master’s theses.

Candidates for advanced degrees should also confer with their advisors and members of their graduate studies committees to learn about any special departmental requirements for preparing graduate degree documents.

Members of the graduation services staff at the Graduate School are available to provide information and to review document drafts at any stage of the planning or writing process. While graduation services is responsible for certifying that theses and/or dissertations have been prepared in accordance with Graduate School guidelines, the student bears the ultimate responsibility for meeting these requirements and resolving any related technical and/or software issues . Graduation services will not accept documents if required items are missing or extend deadlines because of miscommunication between the student and the advisor.

Accessibility Features

As of Spring, 2023, all theses and dissertations will need to incorporate the following accessibility features to align with the university’s accessibility policy.  When you submit your final document to OhioLINK you will be verifying that accessibility features have been applied.

• PDF file includes full text
• PDF accessibility permission flag is checked
• Text language of the PDF is specified
• PDF includes a title

Features and Other Notes

Some features are required, and some are optional. Each component is identified with a major heading unless otherwise noted. The major heading must be centered with a one-inch top margin. 

Sample Pages and Templates

Templates are available for use in formatting dissertations, theses, and DMA documents. Please read all instructions before beginning. 

• Graduate Dissertations and Theses Templates - OSU Login Required

FRONTISPIECE (OPTIONAL)

If used, no heading is included on this page.

TITLE PAGE (REQUIRED)

The title page should include:

• the use of title case is recommended
• dissertation, DMA. document, or thesis
• Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree [insert the applicable degree such as Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Musical Arts, Master of Science, etc.] in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University
• Name of the candidate 
• Initials of previous earned degrees
• insert correct name from program directory
• Year of graduation
•  Dissertation, document, or thesis [select applicable title] committee and committee member names

COPYRIGHT PAGE (REQUIRED)

Notice of copyright is centered in the following format on the page immediately after the title page. This page is not identified with a page number.

Copyright by John James Doe 2017

ABSTRACT (REQUIRED)

The heading Abstract is centered without punctuation at least one inch from the top of the page. The actual abstract begins four spaces below the heading. See sample pages.

DEDICATION (OPTIONAL)

If used, the dedication must be brief and centered on the page.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

(OPTIONAL, BUT STRONGLY RECOMMENDED)

Either spelling of the word, acknowledgments or acknowledgments, is acceptable. The acknowledgment is a record of the author’s indebtedness and includes notice of permission to use previously copyrighted materials that appear extensively in the text. The heading Acknowledgments is centered without punctuation at least one inch from the top of the page.

VITA (REQUIRED)

Begin the page with the heading Vita, centered, without punctuation, and at least one inch from the top of the page. There are three sections to the vita: biographical information (required), publications (if applicable), and fields of study (required).

There is no subheading used for the biographical information section. In this section, include education and work related to the degree being received.

Use leader dots between the information and dates. The publication section follows. The subheading Publications should be centered and in title case. List only those items published in a book or journal. If there are none, omit the Publication subheading. The final section of the vita is Fields of Study, which is required. Center the subheading and use title case. Two lines below the Fields of Study subheading, place the following statement: Major Field: [insert only the name of your Graduate Program as it reads on the title page] flush left. Any specialization you would like to include is optional and is placed flush left on the lines below Major Field.

TABLE OF CONTENTS (REQUIRED)

The heading Table of Contents (title case preferred) appears without punctuation centered at least one inch from the top of the page. The listing of contents begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading. The titles of all parts, sections, chapter numbers, and chapters are listed and must

be worded exactly as they appear in the body of the document. The table of contents must include any appendices and their titles, if applicable. Use leader dots between the listed items and their page numbers.

LISTS OF ILLUSTRATIONS (REQUIRED IF APPLICABLE)

Lists of illustrations are required if the document contains illustrations. The headings List of Tables , List of Figures , or other appropriate illustration designations (title case preferred) appear centered without punctuation at least one inch from the top of the page. The listing begins at the left margin four spaces below the heading. Illustrations should be identified by the same numbers and captions in their respective lists as they have been assigned in the document itself. Use leader dots between the listed items and their page numbers. See sample pages .

BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES (REQUIRED)

Include a complete bibliography or reference section at the end of the document, before the appendix, even if you have included references at the end of each chapter. You may decide how this section should be titled. The terms References or Bibliography are the most commonly chosen titles. The heading must be centered and at least one inch from the top of the page.

Include this heading in the table of contents.

APPENDICES (REQUIRED IF APPLICABLE)

An appendix, or appendices, must be placed after the bibliography. The heading Appendix (title case preferred) centered at least one inch from the top of the page. Appendices are identified with letters and titles. For example: Appendix A: Data. Include all appendix headers and titles in the table of contents.

Other Notes

Candidates are free to select a style suitable to their discipline as long as it complies with the format and content guidelines given in this publication. Where a style manual conflicts with Graduate School guidelines, the Graduate School guidelines take precedence. Once chosen, the style must remain consistent throughout the document.

Top, bottom, left, and right page margins should all be set at one inch. (Keep in mind that the left margin is the binding edge, so if you want to have a bound copy produced for your personal use, it is recommended that the left margin be 1.5 inches.)

It is recommended that any pages with a major header, such as document title, chapter/major section titles, preliminary page divisions, abstract, appendices, and references at the end of the document be set with a 2-inch top margin for aesthetic purposes and to help the reader identify that a new major section is beginning.

The selected font should be 10 to 12 point and be readable. The font should be consistent throughout the document. Captions, endnotes, footnotes, and long quotations may be slightly smaller than text font, as long as the font is readable.

Double spacing is preferred, but 1.5 spacing (1.5 × the type size) is acceptable for long documents. Single spacing is recommended for bibliography entries, long quotations, long endnotes or footnotes, and long captions. Double spacing between each bibliography entry is recommended.

Each major division of the document, including appendices, must have a title. Titles must be centered and have at least a one inch top margin. The use of title case is recommended. If chapters are being used, they should be numbered and titled. For example: Chapter 1: Introduction. Appendices are identified with letters and titles. For example: Appendix A: Data.

PAGE NUMBERS

Every page must have a page number except the title page and the copyright page. If a frontispiece is included before the title page, it is neither counted nor numbered. The page numbers are centered at the bottom center of the page above the one inch margin. Note: You may need to set the footer margin to 1-inch and the body bottom margin to 1.3 or 1.5- inches to place the page number accurately.

Preliminary pages (abstract, dedication, acknowledgments, vita, table of contents, and the lists of illustrations, figures, etc.) are numbered with small Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.). Page numbering begins with the first page of the abstract, and this can be either page i or ii (The title page is technically page i, but the number is not shown on the page).

Arabic numerals are used for the remainder of the document, including the text and the reference material. These pages are numbered consecutively beginning with 1 and continue through the end of the document.

Notation practices differ widely among publications in the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Candidates should confer with their advisors regarding accepted practice in their individual disciplines. That advice should be coupled with careful reference to appropriate general style manuals.

• Arabic numerals should be used to indicate a note in the text. 
• Notes may be numbered in one of two ways: either consecutively throughout the entire manuscript or consecutively within each chapter.
• Notes can be placed at the bottom of the page (footnotes) or at the end of a chapter or document (endnotes). Once chosen, the notation style must be consistent throughout the document.
• Notes about information within tables should be placed directly below the table to which they apply, not at the bottom of the page along with notes to the text.

ILLUSTRATIONS

Tables, figures, charts, graphs, photos, etc..

Some documents include several types of illustrations. In such cases, it is necessary that each type of illustration (table, figure, chart, etc.) be identified with a different numbering series (Table 1, Table 2, and so on, or Chart 1, Chart 2, and so on). For each series, include a list with captions and page numbers in the preliminary pages (for example, List of Tables, List of Charts, etc.). These lists must be identified with major headings that are centered and placed at the two-inch margin.

Each illustration must be identified with a caption that includes the type of illustration, the number, and a descriptive title (for example, Map 1: Ohio). Numbering may be sequential throughout the document (including the appendix, if applicable) or based on the decimal system (corresponding to the chapter number, such as Map 2.3: Columbus). When using decimal numbering in an appendix, the illustration is given a letter that corresponds with the appendix letter (for example, Figure A.1: Voter Data). Captions can be placed either above or below the illustration, but be consistent with the format throughout the document. If a landscape orientation of the illustration is used, make sure to also orient the illustration number and caption accordingly. The top of the illustration should be placed on the left (binding) edge of the page.

If an illustration is too large to ft on one page it is recommended that you identify the respective pages as being part of one illustration. Using a “continued” notation is one method. For example, the phrase continued is placed under the illustration on the bottom right hand side of the first page. On the following pages, include the illustration type, number, and the word continued at the top left margin; for example, Map 2: Continued. Whatever method you choose just make sure to be consistent. The caption for the illustration should be on the first page, but this does not need repeated on subsequent pages.

If an illustration is placed on a page with text, between the text and the top and/or bottom of the illustration, there must be three single spaced lines or two double spaced lines of blank space. The same spacing rule applies if there are multiple illustrations on the same page. The top/bottom of the illustration includes the caption.

All final Ph.D. dissertations, DMA. documents, and master’s theses are submitted to the Graduate School through OhioLINK at https://etdadmin. ohiolink.edu. The document must be saved in PDF embedded font format (PDF/A) before beginning the upload at OhioLINK. During the submission process, OhioLINK will require an abstract separate from your document. This abstract has a 500-word limit. You will get a confirmation from OhioLINK that the submission is complete. The submission then goes to the Graduate School for review. After it is reviewed by staff of the Graduate School, you will receive an email that it has been accepted or that changes need to be made. If changes are required, you will need to re-submit the revised document via an amended OhioLINK submission. You will receive an “accepted” email from the Graduate School once the document has been approved.

THESIS OR DISSERTATION IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

The Graduate School has no policy specifically permitting graduate degree documents to be written in a foreign language. The practice is allowed as long as it is approved by the student’s advisor and Graduate Studies Committee. Documents in a foreign language must comply with the following requirements:

• The title page must be in English, but the title itself may be in the same language as the document.
• If the title is in a language using other than Roman characters, it must be transliterated into Roman character equivalents.
• The abstract must be in English.
• The academic unit must notify the Graduate School of dissertations in a foreign language so that an appropriate graduate faculty representative can be found to participate in the final oral examination

Dissertation and Theses

The dissertation is the hallmark of the research expertise demonstrated by a doctoral student. It is a scholarly contribution to knowledge in the student’s area of specialization. 

A thesis is a hallmark of some master’s programs. It is a piece of original research, generally less comprehensive than a dissertation and is meant to show the student’s knowledge of an area of specialization.

Still Have Questions?

Dissertations & Theses 614-292-6031 [email protected]

Doctoral Exams, Master's Examination, Graduation Requirements 614-292-6031 [email protected]

Significant damage reported in northern Ohio after severe thunderstorms roar through Great Lakes

Damage from hail, gusty winds and tornadoes was reported throughout the eastern Great Lakes, but the greatest concentration of impacts appeared to be in northern Ohio.

Severe weather leaves a trail of damage across Ohio and Michigan Wednesday

CLEVELAND – Wednesday marked the third straight day of severe weather across the northern tier of the country as a cold front continued its march across the region. 

Damage from hail, gusty winds and tornadoes was reported throughout the eastern Great Lakes, but the greatest concentration of impacts appeared to be in northern Ohio.  

Communities across Ohio were placed under Tornado Warnings as the storms worked from west to east across the state.

HOW TO WATCH FOX WEATHER

Homes, businesses damaged in Bucyrus, Ohio

Significant storm damage amid a tornado was reported by local authorities in the town of Bucyrus in northern Ohio .

Police advised residents to stay off the roads while crews attended to debris and downed power lines.

A resident told FOX Weather she was one of five people inside a Family Dollar store when the roof partially collapsed during a storm's strong winds.

Significant storm damage reported in Bucyrus, Ohio

Severe thunderstorms rolled through western and central Ohio on Wednesday causing significant damage. Video shows the partial collapse of a roof at a local dollar store.

Video taken after the cell moved through showed extensive damage to the store.

"Everyone is fine. Thank God! Terrifying though," said Leeuh Berry.

Strong winds also pushed a two-story house off its foundation, causing extensive damage.

A two-story home is blown off its foundation during severe thunderstorms in Bucyrus, Ohio on April 17, 2024.

(@HordRaceWatcher/X / FOX Weather)

Similar images of damage were taken around the town, and PowerOutage.us estimated that more than 20% of Crowford County was without electricity.

The National Weather Service office in Cleveland later determined a tornado rating EF-1 was part of the storm damage with estimated winds of 110 mph

is tasked with surveying damage from Wednesday's storm to determine the number of tornadoes that impacted the region and their strength on the Enhanced Fujita Scale.

Significant damage was also reported in Windham Township, which is about a two-hour drive from Bucyrus.

Tornado-warned storm moves through Central Ohio

Video from Caledonia, Ohio shows ominous looking clouds as a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado rolled through the state on Wednesday afternoon.

Portage County Emergency Management said a tornado touched down in the community Wednesday evening.

"We have multiple damages on multiple roads over a mile track," Portage County Emergency Management Director Ryan Shackelford told FOX Weather. "We're happy to report there was no injuries. A couple of scratches and bruises in the homes. But some structures did sustain pretty significant structural damage."

Suspected tornado damage in Portage County, Ohio (Portage County Emergency Management)

Storm damage reported in Bucyrus, Ohio on April 17, 2024 (@frankd_419)

A two-story home is blown off its foundation during severe thunderstorms in Bucyrus, Ohio on April 17, 2024. (@HordRaceWatcher/X)

Storm damage reported in Bucyrus, Ohio on April 17, 2024 (Holmes Township Volunteer Fire Department )

Storm damage reported in Bucyrus, Ohio on April 17, 2024 (@frankd_419/X)

Severe storm seen from The Ohio State University WeatherSTEM camera ( )

The tornado then pushed over the Ohio Turnpike, catching a few semi trucks in its wrath.

"Adding insult to injury, the tornado traversed over the Ohio Turnpike and actually caused two tractor trailers – one to get flipped on its side over the median and another one to jackknife," Shackelford said. "And, both those drivers were actually not injured in the incident, surprisingly."

Emergency manager gives update on tornado damage in Ohio's Portage County

Portage County Emergency Management Director Ryan Shackelford joins FOX Weather to give an update on the tornado damage to his community in the wake of severe storms on April 17.

The National Weather Service rated the tornado too as an EF-1 with estimated wind gusts of 110 mph.

Shackelford said while the 1985 F5 tornado that swept through Portage County remains the worst on record, this storm will be quite memorable.

"It's been the worst since I've been director. I've been here 10 years," he said. "(The 1985 F5 tornado) is by far the worst incident, probably in Northeast Ohio. But, this is the worst of my tenure."

At least 17 tornadoes were reported in the Midwest on Tuesday, seven of which have already been confirmed by National Weather Service storm surveys . 

The strongest twister so far received an EF-2 rating south of Virgil , Kansas . Another tornado that struck south of Topeka , Kansas, injured at least two people when their RV was flipped over.

• Severe Weather
• Thunderstorms
• Pennsylvania
• West Virginia

🏐 NC men's volleyball selections revealed

🐯 LSU wins women's gymnastics title

🏆 Stanford wins men's gymnastics title

NCAA.com | April 20, 2024

Stanford wins 2024 ncaa men’s gymnastics championships.

Stanford wins the 2024 men's gymnastics championship, claiming its fifth straight national title and 10th overall. The Cardinal completed the night with a 425.324, outscoring runner-up Michigan by 5.635 points. Stanford is only the second program to ever win five consecutive titles since Nebraska did in 1979-83.

The Cardinal dominated the scoreboard with Asher Hong earning the highest scores in vault, parallel bars and rings and three-time All-American Khoi Young winning all-around.

Here's a look at the full championship schedule and results.

2024 NCAA NC men's gymnastics championship schedule

Saturday, April 20

• Stanford 425.324, Michigan 419.689, Oklahoma 412.956, Nebraska 412.427, Illinois 411.659, Ohio State 399.122
• Still rings 
• Horizontal bar
• Parallel bars
• Whip-around coverage

Friday, April 19

• Oklahoma 418.957, Michigan 418.954, Ohio State 408.725, Penn State 405.423, Air Force 389.089, Springfield 382.190
• Stanford 417.389, Nebraska 413.523, Illinois 410.461, California 407.158, Navy 396.290, Greenville 389.157

NC men's gymnastics championship history 

The NC men's gymnastics national championship dates back to 1938, skipping 1943-47 and 2020, with the first-ever championship trophy going to Chicago. Penn State and Oklahoma each hold 12 national titles, which makes them the winningest teams in championship history. 

The Stanford Cardinal are four-time reigning champs after taking down Michigan in the 2023 championship.

Below you can check out a list of all NC men's gymnastics champs since 1938.

No meets were held from 1943 to 1947.

2024 NC men’s gymnastics championships selections released

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Welcome to the Department of History

Learn about our politics of climate: the united nations summit education abroad program ..

Upcoming Events

More events.

"Approaches to Teaching World History" (a Talking About Teaching event)

International History Seminar: Matthew Jones on The Origins of British Nuclear Retaliation Procedures

“'God Bless Indiana and the Quakers:' Black Women and Quaker-Sponsored Expeditions to East Central Indiana,” Jazma Sutton, Miami University

Spring Commencement

Recent news.

Congratulations to Peter Hahn

Sara Butler Interviewed on "Voices of Excellence" Podcast

Professor Sara Butler was interviewed by Assoc. Professor David Staley in a recent episode of the "Voices of Excellence" podcast entitled, "Sara Butler: Medieval Myth Buster."

Margaret Newell Receives 2024-2025 Fulbright Award

Lydia Walker Pens New Book

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