literature review on juvenile delinquency in nigeria

Juvenile Delinquency Treatment and Prevention: A Literature Review

• Original Paper
• Published: 09 March 2014
• Volume 85 , pages 295–301, ( 2014 )

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• Jessica May 1 ,
• Kristina Osmond 2 &
• Stephen Billick 3  

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In the last three decades there has been ample research to demonstrate that instituting Multisystemic Therapy for serious juvenile offenders, keeping them in the community with intensive intervention, can significantly reduce recidivism. When there is recidivism, it is less severe than in released incarcerated juveniles. Multisystemic Therapy provides 24 h available parental guidance, family therapy, individual therapy, group therapy, educational support and quite importantly a change of peer group. In New York City, there is the new mandate through the Juvenile Justice Initiative to implement interventions to keep juvenile offenders in the community rather than sending them to be incarcerated. However, this paper aims to examine how teaching prosocial values in early childhood can reduce the incidence of first-time juvenile delinquency. Programs such as the Perry School Project will be discussed to demonstrate that although somewhat expensive, these innovative programs nonetheless are quite cost-effective as the cost to society of adjudication, incarceration and victim damages are significantly greater. Along with teaching prosocial 0020 values, there has been renewed interest in early identification of youth at risk for developing Antisocial Personality Disorder. An update is given on the status of both promising approaches in early intervention to prevent serious juvenile delinquency and hence adult criminality.

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Hofstra NSLIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA

Jessica May

Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

Kristina Osmond

NYU School of Medicine, 901 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA

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May, J., Osmond, K. & Billick, S. Juvenile Delinquency Treatment and Prevention: A Literature Review. Psychiatr Q 85 , 295–301 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-014-9296-4

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Published : 09 March 2014

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-014-9296-4

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Juvenile delinquency treatment and prevention: a literature review

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• 1 Hofstra NSLIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
• PMID: 24610601
• DOI: 10.1007/s11126-014-9296-4

In the last three decades there has been ample research to demonstrate that instituting Multisystemic Therapy for serious juvenile offenders, keeping them in the community with intensive intervention, can significantly reduce recidivism. When there is recidivism, it is less severe than in released incarcerated juveniles. Multisystemic Therapy provides 24 h available parental guidance, family therapy, individual therapy, group therapy, educational support and quite importantly a change of peer group. In New York City, there is the new mandate through the Juvenile Justice Initiative to implement interventions to keep juvenile offenders in the community rather than sending them to be incarcerated. However, this paper aims to examine how teaching prosocial values in early childhood can reduce the incidence of first-time juvenile delinquency. Programs such as the Perry School Project will be discussed to demonstrate that although somewhat expensive, these innovative programs nonetheless are quite cost-effective as the cost to society of adjudication, incarceration and victim damages are significantly greater. Along with teaching prosocial 0020 values, there has been renewed interest in early identification of youth at risk for developing Antisocial Personality Disorder. An update is given on the status of both promising approaches in early intervention to prevent serious juvenile delinquency and hence adult criminality.

Publication types

• Juvenile Delinquency* / prevention & control
• Juvenile Delinquency* / psychology
• Juvenile Delinquency* / rehabilitation
• Psychotherapy / methods*
• Social Values*

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Cultural literacy, literature, and juvenile justice in Nigeria

2020, AIPGG Journal of Humanities and Peace Studies

This paper explored the link between cultural literacy, literature and juvenile justice as an intervention method with focus on transformation and rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents and offenders. While studies have established a strong link between deficient literacy skills and delinquency among young people, and that recidivism among released juvenile offenders is largely caused by the prevalence of illiteracy among juvenile offenders, findings show that there is no definite literacy programme in the Nigerian juvenile justice system for the purpose of remediation and social intervention. It was also discovered that the juvenile justice process and practice in Nigeria favour retribution and punishment rather than correction, rehabilitation and restoration. Using both historical and literary analytical methods and with reference to instances of the restorative impacts of literacy on juvenile delinquents, this paper established the potential of cultural literacy as intervention and remediating method in Nigerian juvenile justice system. It, therefore, recommends the establishment of wellplanned and institutionalised literacy programmes in Nigerian juvenile correctional facilities across the country and outside the facilities as one of the ways to enhance true rehabilitation and restoration of juvenile offenders and delinquents.

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One feature of the crime situation in Nigeria is the involvement of juveniles in some criminal and/or dubious activities, which is referred to as juvenile delinquency. In Nigeria the laws define delinquency in terms of the age of those involved rather than in terms of their offences. In Children and Young Person Law, a distinction is made between a person who is yet 14 years and one who is 14 years but not yet above 16 years. The former is a ‘child’ and the latter a ‘young person’ Therefore any offence committed by a person above 16 is a crime not delinquency. Universally, delinquents are immature and therefore incapable of ‘mens rea’ (criminal intent) and ‘actus reus’ (criminal act). To this effect, regulations (laws) pertaining to treatment of delinquents apart from the adult criminals were enacted and documented, thus setting up separate justice system called juvenile justice, which is the focus of this paper. The enactments of these laws were meant to protect the child from the ...

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This study focuses on the nature and consequences of juvenile delinquency in Bonny Island of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study aimed at finding out why juvenile engage in delinquent act, why juvenile offenders continue in crime after being punished and what Rivers State Government as well as Nigeria Government needs to do inorder to educate juvenile about crime and the negative impact of crime on individual and society at large. Specifically, this research work holds that juvenile in Bonny Island, Nigeria involved with delinquent behaviour, thus attributing it to family structure, social media, education, peer pressure, and environment etc. The various consequences of juvenile delinquency on the individual, victim, family, school, community and the wider society, support the view that no country can afford to ignore it. The research was able to provide extensive past and present global perceptions about the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and its extent. However, the expected outcome of this study is that to reduce or eradicate juvenile delinquency in our society. Government and voluntary organization should be involved in the following ways: Government should provide employment opportunities for youths, provision of sporting activities and other recreational activities and Pre-trial diversion programs, such as pre-trial community service, vocational or life skills training programs, victim-offender mediation or family group conferences should be encouraged etc. Method of data collection used in this study was only questionnaire.

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Children have been described as man’s most valuable natural resource, without which the human race will be extinct on the death of the last adult; hence, children signify perpetuity of human life on earth . To this end, the interest of the child needs to be protected by law, government, parents and the society at large. It sometimes happen however that the role of protecting the child may be neglected by one or all of the stakeholders which further leads to the child coming in conflict with the law, hence the phrase “juvenile delinquent”. These delinquents are usually made to face designated laws by being charged to juvenile courts, tried and sometimes remanded in homes such as the borstal homes. The concern of this study is to unearth the dynamics involved in running the affairs of the juvenile justice system in Nigeria with reference to the Borstal Institutions and Remand Centres Act. This study examines the history, structure as well as practice and procedure of the justice system in Nigeria; juvenile and delinquencies, as well as juvenile justice system in Nigeria through the mirror of stakeholders in the juvenile justice system in Nigeria. It also discusses the full appraisal of the Borstal Institutions and Remand Centres Act; history of juvenile correctional institutions in Nigeria and an example from one of the Borstal Homes in Nigeria today. In order to get an international view point on juvenile justice, Borstal institutions in Nigeria were considered viz-a-viz universal standards and principles in various international conventions serving the interest of the child. There is also an attempt to comparatively analyse the Borstal institutions in Nigeria and selected jurisdictions (Ghana and United States of America) which further helped to identify the challenges bedevilling the Nigerian system with a view to proffering credible recommendations. In all, finding improvements to juvenile justice administration in Nigeria is paramount in this study.

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Prisons serve as a place where criminal behaviors are suppressed. The need for these set of individuals to gather skills which help them remain positive right in the four walls of the prison yard and after serving their jail terms cannot be overemphasized. It is for this reason that the team set out to develop a programme aimed at inculcating literacy and creative writing skills that will help them participate more effectively when they finish their jail term. The aim of the study was to explore the importance and contributions of library resources and services to the lives of prison inmates and an attempt by the team to take this to a higher level. The study also reports an ongoing project in Nsukka Prisons, Enugu State, Nigeria. The design used to elicit information about the effect of the programme was survey. The population of the study was 365 with a sample size of two groups of 15 inmates each totaling 30. The research methods used was observation and focus group discussion. T...

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IFRA-Nigeria

French institute for research in africa, nigeria | institut français de recherche en afrique, nigeria, juvenile delinquency and juvenile violence in jos, nigeria.

The city of Jos

Texte intégral.

1 According to Baba (1984-85) and Smah (1995a), the town of Jos was laid out in 1915 under two main sections:

• Jos Township, consisting of Tudun Wada, Zaria Crescent and the Government Reservation Area (GRA).
• Jos Native Town, which is made up of Ali Kazaure, Jenta Adamu and Abba na Shehu. These areas are still under native rule and are administered by the Jos town council, headed by a local chief, the Gbong Gwom. These two areas are separated by a light railway which leads to Bauchi. The discovery of tin in Jos, had significant effects on the growth of the city.

2 The mining economy of the Jos Plateau was run by an essentially migrant population (Sha, 1994). The tin mines attracted large numbers of petty traders from Eastern and Western Nigeria. There was also an influx of northerners, some of whom came to utilize the abandoned mining pits for fadama or dry season farming. With the growing number of people in the city, facilities were established to meet transport and communication needs; for example, a rail line was extended to Jos from Zaria in 1913 and the Port Harcourt – Enugu rail line was extended to Jos in 1927 linking the coal and tin mining regions.

3 Between the 1930s and the 1960s, many more social infrastructures were established, such as post offices, telephones, banks and other financial institutions, schools, modern markets and shopping complexes. While paid and money-generating employment made an impressive contribution to the growth of Jos in the 1950s, it was not until the 1960s that the post-colonial political development process of the country began to make an impact. The creation of Benue-Plateau state in 1967 brought many of the indigenes of the new Benue State to Jos for civil service jobs. It was during this period also that the indigenes, particularly the Birom, became interested in the political and economic development of the city.

4 During the 1980s, social and natural disasters forced many people to migrate to Jos and its environs. Particular reference is made to the rinderpest cattle epidemic and the Sahelian drought of 1983-84, in which many herds of cattle died; and two decades of religious conflicts beginning from 1980, e.g., the Maitatsine Movement (Sokomba, 1986). The drought sparked off an exodus of cattle rearers and pastoralists from the far north who brought their cattle to graze near the mining ponds. The religious upheaval was particularly disturbing between 1980 and 1996 and forced many people to migrate to places like Jos.

5 In March 1986, violent clashes between Christian and Muslim youths in Kafanchan spread to some major northern cities like Kaduna, Zaria, Sokoto and Gombe. As most of these towns are close to Jos, a good proportion of the victims, mainly Christians and animists, added to the population of Jos by fleeing there. Bako (1994) has documented other categories of urban violence that have had an impact on the social landscape of Jos. These clashes included ethno-religious and inter-ethnic conflicts. Ethno-religious conflicts have taken place in Zagon-Kataf between Hausa Christians and Hausa Muslims, the Hausa and Seyewa in Bauchi, the Hausa and the Jukun in Benue and the Taraba, the Hausa and the Birom in Plateau State. These conflicts have had a considerable impact on the settlement of Jos and its environs. The growth of any city puts severe pressure on its social services and basic utilities such as water and light. With this background, the scope of juvenile delinquency and violence in Jos can be examined.

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