urdu essay on depression

Depression - Symptoms, Causes and Prevention

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Depression in Urdu

ڈپریشن ایک دماغی بیماری ہے جس کی علامات میں مسلسل پریشانی، اداسی، گھبراہٹ، نیند اور بھوک کی کمی، وزن میں اچانک کمی اور سر درد جیسی شکایات شامل ہیں۔ ڈپریشن کسی کو بھی لاحق ہو سکتا ہے اورمریض کو کسی بھی دوسری بیماری کی طرح علاج اور توجہ کی ضرورت پڑتی ہے۔ ڈپریشن سے متاثرہ افراد زندگی سے بے زار اور اکتائے ہوئے رہتے ہیں۔ ڈپریشن کی صورت میں مریض اپنی جان لینے کی کوشش بھی کر سکتا ہے۔ طبی ماہرین کے مطابق ڈپریشن کی وجہ سے سر درد، جبڑں میں درد اور سانس کی بیماریوں جیسے مسائل بھی سامنے آ سکتے ہیں۔

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Summary about Depression in English

Marham enlists the best doctors for depression in Pakistan. Book an appointment or online consultation with a doctor for the management of gastritis. Consult the most experienced specialists for depression based on their qualifications, patient reviews, location, and fees.

What is Depression?

Major depressive disorder is a mental illness that negatively affects your thinking and behavior. It is a constant feeling of sadness and loss of interest in pleasure activities. Depression affects the emotional and physical health of a person and his everyday activities. Antidepressant medicines and psychological counseling treat depression.

What are the symptoms of Depression?

The most noticeable symptoms of depression are;

Persistent sadness and low energy levels

Disturbances in sleeping and eating schedules

Low moods and suicidal thoughts

What causes Depression?

A few causes of depression are;

Environmental factors such as trauma or loss of a loved one

Genetic factors that cause alterations in the neurotransmitters 

Hormonal disturbances that can be triggered during pregnancy or thyroid disease

How to diagnose Depression?

Depression is diagnosed using lab tests to rule out other diseases. A psychiatric evaluation is also performed by a psychiatrist to diagnose the type and stage of depression.

What is the treatment for Depression?

Depression is treated by using;

Antidepressants

Psychotherapy or talk therapy

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Consult the best psychiatrist for depression in Pakistan now to avoid any complications. You can also book a video consultation through Marham to discuss your symptoms with the most experienced doctor for depression in Pakistan.

Symptoms of Depression

Although there are several types of depression, many of them have similar recognizable symptoms. This list scratches the surface, but gives a general idea of what depression is:

Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, uselessness, or emptiness.

Irritability, frustration, or anxiety.

Loss of interest in activities or hobbies that were once pleasant.

Sleep disturbances or too much sleep

Fatigue and lack of energy.

Difficulties in thinking, remembering, concentrating, or making decisions

Changes in appetite or weight

Returning thoughts about death or suicide.

Physical symptoms such as migraine , abdominal pain, or back pain

If you have a combination of these symptoms for at least two weeks, it probably means you are currently suffering from a depressive episode.

Risk Factors of Depression

Risk factors of the depression include, if you have depression in your family then there are many chances that you developed depression. Early childhood trauma is the biggest reason for depression. If the frontal lobe of the brain is not active, there are chances particular individual might develop depression. A certain medical condition in the individual might develops depression that is a chronic illness or ADHD. Drug abuser also has chances of developing depression.

Preventive Measures of Depression

The treatment of the depression is possible and treatment can improve the quality of life and individual enjoy a healthy life. Treatment of depression includes medications and psychotherapies. Psychiatrists use medication for the treatment of the depression while the psychologist uses psychological therapies.

Types of Depression

Just as there is no single cause for depression, there is not just one type of depression. The fifth edition of the Manual of Diseases and Statistics for Mental Illness contains nine different types:

In many people, the common form of depression is major depression. People with severe depression often experience recurring episodes throughout their lives.

Dysthymia is a constantly persistent mood for a long time, even a year or more. 

Some people are more sensitive to less light in winter. The seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression caused by the absence of natural light.

People with atypical depression often report a feeling of weight in their limbs. You may have irritability and relationship problems and may be overeating and sleeping too much.

Bipolar disorder causes the manic and depressive episodes is also called manic-depressive disorder.

Depressive episodes can sometimes be so severe that hallucinations or illusions occur. A person becomes catatonic or gets stuck in bed is called psychotic depression.

Postpartum depression, depression occurs after delivery. Mothers may feel disconnected from a new child or fear that their child will be hurt.

The phase of depression occurs in the second half of the menstrual cycle is called premenstrual dysphoric.

This affects the ability of the individual to function normally.

Situational depression is triggered by an event that changes our life. This can range from losing your job to the death of a close family member.

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Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses worldwide. Approximately 280 million depression cases happen annually. It has been estimated that mental illnesses affect at least 3.8% of the population, including a large proportion of the youth. Most people confuse depression with bipolar disorder and often depression is understood as usual mood fluctuations and short-lived emotional responses to the challenges of everyday life. However, depression is a separate mental illness, which can become a serious condition if there is a recurrent pattern with moderate or severe intensity.

If depression is left unaddressed, it can cause the affected person to suffer significantly and function poorly at work, school, and in the family. At its worst, depression results in suicides. According to a World Health Organization report, globally depression is more common among women than men. The report also reveals that an estimated 5% of adults suffer from depression around the world. The ever-changing dynamics of the world has further contributed to the rise in depression amongst the youth. This includes increased competition, urban lifestyles, and hectic schedules, competing counterparts with the same results, etc.

Surprisingly, depression is seldom part of the popular discourse in Pakistan. The most horrifying part is the non-acceptance of its existence. Most people in Pakistan consider temperature as more dangerous than depression. However, research has revealed otherwise. Today, approximately 3.4% of total deaths are caused by depression. The Covid pandemic has led to a surge in depression amongst the youth in Pakistan. It is time to begin raising awareness and addressing depression. Awareness campaigns, seminars and workshops on the identification of the symptoms of depression and prevention methods must be conducted regularly. If we fail to address this effectively and promptly, it will result in the loss of many lives and have a negative impact on society.

The psychological health care system is woefully deficient in Pakistan, and the way it is mainly managed explains why accessing psychological help is a taboo subject. At the time of independence in 1947, there were three asylum-like hospitals, one each at Hyderabad, Lahore, and Peshawar, with a total of 2000 beds. These were in a miserable shape with no psychiatrists and managed by medical officers only. These hospitals were called mad-houses or “pagal khanay,” and patients were often brought there in chains. Before the Mental Health Ordinance (MHO) of 2001, the law related to mental health provision was the Lunacy Act of 1912. After the 18th Amendment, health became a provincial subject in Pakistan. The Sindh Provincial Assembly took the lead and passed the Mental Health Act in 2013. The Punjab government enacted the Punjab Mental Health Act in 2014.

Seven decades after independence, the health care system is still not adequate. Whereas the median number of mental health beds per 100,000 population is above 50 in high-income countries, and 11.3 in the more developed countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, this figure is around 1.7 for Pakistan. A recent survey showed that nearly a third of the respondents believed that people fail to access mental health services because mental health professionals are not accessible.

In the absence of a formal functioning health system that is adequate for the needs of the population, traditional spiritual healers call the shots in Pakistan. Popularly known as baba, pir, or Sufi, the spiritual healers are well respected in the community. They practice at their residences, clinics, shrines or mosques and explain mental illness in terms of possession by an evil spirit, or by magical influences cast by enemies.

The treatment includes amulets, spiritually treated water, burning incense, or reciting mantras. Much to the chagrin and resentment of mental health professionals, the spiritual healers enjoy the acceptance of large masses of people who approach them for their mental health problems.

Though collaboration between spiritual healers and psychiatrists, as is often suggested, under some formal institutional arrangement has some appeal, there could be no denying the fact that public investment is the key to overcoming the challenge. Given the limited fiscal space available to the governments for significantly increasing investment in mental health, how and when investment in mental health will take place is an open question. At least, the government should try its best to sensitize the population that mental disorders are just like physical disorders.

Abdul Khaliq

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Mental health information in Urdu

اردو میں دماغی صحت کی معلومات.

On this page you will find translations of our mental health information resources in Urdu.

Please carefully read the  disclaimer  that accompanies each translation. It explains that the College cannot guarantee the quality of the translations, nor that the information is necessarily the most up to date.

اس صفحے پر آپ کو ہمارے دماغی صحت سے متعلق معلومات کے وسائل کا اردو میں ترجمہ ملے گا۔ 

براہ کرم ہر ترجمے کے ساتھ موجود دستبرداری کو غور سے پڑھیں. یہ وضاحت کرتا ہے کہ کالج ترجمے کے معیار کی ضمانت نہیں دے سکتا، اور نہ ہی یہ کہ معلومات ضروری طور پر تازہ ترین ہوں.

Urdu translations

• الکحل اور ڈپریشن Alcohol and depression
• ڈپریشن کی ادویات Antidepressants
• اضطراب اور عمومی اضطراب کی بیماری Anxiety and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)
• سوگ  Bereavement
• بائی پولر ڈس آرڈر  Bipolar disorder
• بائی پولر افیکٹو ڈس آرڈر Bipolar affective disorder
• چرس اور ذہنی صحت Cannabis and mental health
• ایک تکلیف دہ واقعے کے بعد مقابلہ کرنا Coping after a traumatic event
• بالغوں میں ڈپریشن Depression in adults
• الزائمر کی بیماری میں استعمال ہونے والی ادویات Drug treatment of Alzheimer's disease
• یادداشت کے مسائل اور ڈیمنشیا Memory problems and dementia
• زچگی کے بعد ہونے والی نفسیاتی بیماریاں Mental illness after childbirth
• آبسیسو کمپلسو ڈس آرڈر Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• پوسٹ نیٹل ڈپریشن Postnatal depression
• پوسٹ ٹرامیٹک اسٹریس ڈس آرڈر -- پی ٹی ایس ڈی Post-traumatic stress disorder
• پوسٹ ٹرامیٹک اسٹریس ڈس آرڈر (پی ٹی ایس ڈی) ۔ اہم باتیں Post-traumatic stress disorder - key facts
• شیزوفرینیا  Schizophrenia
• اپنے آپ کو اذیت پہنچانا  Self-harm
• اپنے آپ کو اذیت پہنچانا ۔ مختصر کتابچہ  Self-harm - brief version
• اچھی نیند  Sleeping well

Who are we?

The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional body for psychiatrists in the UK. We have a world-wide membership.

We work to secure the best outcomes for people with mental illness, learning disabilities and developmental disorders by:

• promoting excellent mental health services
• training outstanding psychiatrists
• promoting quality and research
• setting standards
• being the voice of psychiatry.

ہم کون ہیں؟

رائل کالج آف سائیکیٹرسٹ برطانیہ میں نفسیاتی ماہرین کے لیے بنیادی پیشہ ورانہ ادارہ ہے. دنیا بھر سے لوگ ہمارے ساتھ رکنیت رکھتے ہیں.

ہم دماغی بیماری، سیکھنے میں معذوری اور نشوونما میں خرابی کے شکار لوگوں کے لیے بہترین نتائج حاصل کرنے کے لیے کام کرتے ہیں:

بہترین دماغی صحت کی خدمات کو فروغ دینا

بہترین ماہرین نفسیات کی تربیت کرنا

معیار اور تحقیق کو فروغ دینا

معیارات طے کرنا

نفسیات کی آواز بننا۔

Why do we produce mental health information?

We believe that high-quality information can help people to make informed decisions about their health and care. We aim to produce information which is:

• evidence-based
• up to date.

ہم دماغی صحت کی معلومات کیوں تیار کرتے ہیں؟

ہمیں یقین ہے کہ اعلیٰ معیار کی معلومات لوگوں کو اپنی صحت اور دیکھ بھال کے بارے میں باخبر فیصلے کرنے میں مدد دے سکتی ہے۔ ہمارا مقصد ایسی معلومات پیدا کرنا ہے جو کہ:

ثبوت کی بنیاد پر ہو

قابل رسائی ہو

تازہ ترین ہو۔

How is our information written?

Our information is written by psychiatrists and other healthcare professionals. Our information is also developed with the support of patients and carers. This helps to ensure our information is representative of the lived experiences of people with mental illness.

We are grateful to the psychiatrists, healthcare professionals, College members, staff and experts who have helped to produce and review our information.

ہماری معلومات کیسے لکھی جاتی ہیں؟

ہماری معلومات ماہرین نفسیات اور دیگر صحت کی دیکھ بھال کرنے والے پیشہ ور افراد نے لکھی ہیں۔ ہماری معلومات مریضوں اور دیکھ بھال کرنے والوں کے تعاون سے بھی تیار کی جاتی ہے۔ اس سے یہ یقینی بنانے میں مدد ملتی ہے کہ ہماری معلومات ذہنی بیماری میں مبتلا لوگوں کے ذاتی تجربات کی نمائندہ ہے۔

ہم ماہرین نفسیات، صحت کی دیکھ بھال کے پیشہ ور افراد، کالج کے اراکین، عملے اور ماہرین کے مشکور ہیں جنہوں نے ہماری معلومات کو تیار کرنے اور اس کا جائزہ لینے میں مدد کی۔

About our translations

In 2022, we began collaborating with a non-profit, CLEAR Global, and their community of more than 100,000 language volunteers, Translators without Borders. We are working with them to update the translations of our latest information resources in the most in-demand languages. You can see who delivered our translations at the bottom of each translated page.

Our translations are based on  our mental health information resources in English . These resources reflect the best evidence available at the time of writing, and we aim to review our resources every three years. However, this is not always possible, and we have dated our resources to show when they were last reviewed.

Whenever we update our English resources, we will aim to update our translations. However, this will not always be possible.

If you have feedback on our translations you would like to share with us, you can contact  [email protected]  

ہمارے ترجموں کے بارے میں

ہم نے 2022 میں ایک غیر منافع بخش CLEAR Global اور ان کے 100,000 سے زائد زبان کے رضاکاروں کی کمیونٹی Translators without Borders کے ساتھ تعاون شروع کیا۔ ہم ان کے ساتھ مل کر بہت زیادہ مطلوب زبانوں میں اپنی معلوماتی وسائل کے ترجموں کو تازہ کر رہے ہیں۔ آپ ہر ترجمہ شدہ صفحے کے نیچے دیکھ سکتے ہیں کہ ہمارے ترجمے کس نے فراہم کیے ہیں۔

ہمارے ترجمے انگریزی میں ہمارے ذہنی صحت سے متعلق معلوماتی وسائل پر مبنی ہیں۔ یہ وسائل تحریر کے وقت دستیاب بہترین ثبوت کی پیش کرتے ہیں اور ہمارا مقصد ہر تین سال بعد اپنے وسائل کا جائزہ لینا ہے۔ تاہم یہ ہمیشہ ممکن نہیں ہوتا اور ہم نے اپنے وسائل کے آخری جائزے کی تاریخ دی ہے۔

جب بھی ہم اپنے انگریزی وسائل کو تازہ کرتے ہیں تو ہمارا مقصد اپنے ترجمے کو تازہ کرنا ہوتا ہے۔ تاہم، یہ ہمیشہ ممکن نہیں ہو گا۔

اگر آپ ہمارے ترجموں کے بارے میں ہم سے اپنی رائے کا اشتراک کرنا چاہیں تو، آپ [email protected] سے رابطہ کر سکتے ہیں۔ 

Study of depression in university students in Pakistan

Affiliations.

• 1 Marxism School of Philosophy, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
• 2 College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University. Harbin, China.
• PMID: 32296209
• DOI: 10.5455/JPMA.15757

Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression among university students in Pakistan.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2017, to February25, 2018, at Agriculture University, Faisalabad, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, University of Peshawar and Qurtuba University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Data was collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire, and was analysed using SPSS 19.

Results: Of the 1159 subjects, 367(31.6%) were males and 792(68.3%) were females. The overall age range was 19-45 years. Of all the subjects, 986(85%) had some degree of depression, while 173(15%) were normal. Depression in females was significantly higher than males (p<0.05). Depression also had a significant association with academic grades (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Depression was found to be common among university students in Pakistani.

Keywords: Depression, University, Students, Pakistan.

• Academic Success*
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Depression* / diagnosis
• Depression* / epidemiology
• Depression* / psychology
• Pakistan / epidemiology
• Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
• Sex Factors*
• Students* / psychology
• Students* / statistics & numerical data
• Universities / statistics & numerical data

• Patient Care & Health Information
• Diseases & Conditions
• Depression (major depressive disorder)
• What is depression? A Mayo Clinic expert explains.

Learn more about depression from Craig Sawchuk, Ph.D., L.P., clinical psychologist at Mayo Clinic.

Hi, I'm Dr. Craig Sawchuk, a clinical psychologist at Mayo Clinic. And I'm here to talk with you about depression. Whether you're looking for answers for yourself, a friend, or loved one, understanding the basics of depression can help you take the next step.

Depression is a mood disorder that causes feelings of sadness that won't go away. Unfortunately, there's a lot of stigma around depression. Depression isn't a weakness or a character flaw. It's not about being in a bad mood, and people who experience depression can't just snap out of it. Depression is a common, serious, and treatable condition. If you're experiencing depression, you're not alone. It honestly affects people of all ages and races and biological sexes, income levels and educational backgrounds. Approximately one in six people will experience a major depressive episode at some point in their lifetime, while up to 16 million adults each year suffer from clinical depression. There are many types of symptoms that make up depression. Emotionally, you may feel sad or down or irritable or even apathetic. Physically, the body really slows down. You feel tired. Your sleep is often disrupted. It's really hard to get yourself motivated. Your thinking also changes. It can just be hard to concentrate. Your thoughts tend to be much more negative. You can be really hard on yourself, feel hopeless and helpless about things. And even in some cases, have thoughts of not wanting to live. Behaviorally, you just want to pull back and withdraw from others, activities, and day-to-day responsibilities. These symptoms all work together to keep you trapped in a cycle of depression. Symptoms of depression are different for everyone. Some symptoms may be a sign of another disorder or medical condition. That's why it's important to get an accurate diagnosis.

While there's no single cause of depression, most experts believe there's a combination of biological, social, and psychological factors that contribute to depression risk. Biologically, we think about genetics or a family history of depression, health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease or thyroid disorders, and even hormonal changes that happen over the lifespan, such as pregnancy and menopause. Changes in brain chemistry, especially disruptions in neurotransmitters like serotonin, that play an important role in regulating many bodily functions, including mood, sleep, and appetite, are thought to play a particularly important role in depression. Socially stressful and traumatic life events, limited access to resources such as food, housing, and health care, and a lack of social support all contribute to depression risk. Psychologically, we think of how negative thoughts and problematic coping behaviors, such as avoidance and substance use, increase our vulnerability to depression.

The good news is that treatment helps. Effective treatments for depression exist and you do have options to see what works best for you. Lifestyle changes that improve sleep habits, exercise, and address underlying health conditions can be an important first step. Medications such as antidepressants can be helpful in alleviating depressive symptoms. Therapy, especially cognitive behavioral therapy, teaches skills to better manage negative thoughts and improve coping behaviors to help break you out of cycles of depression. Whatever the cause, remember that depression is not your fault and it can be treated.

To help diagnose depression, your health care provider may use a physical exam, lab tests, or a mental health evaluation. These results will help identify various treatment options that best fit your situation.

Help is available. You don't have to deal with depression by yourself. Take the next step and reach out. If you're hesitant to talk to a health care provider, talk to a friend or loved one about how to get help. Living with depression isn't easy and you're not alone in your struggles. Always remember that effective treatments and supports are available to help you start feeling better. Want to learn more about depression? Visit mayoclinic.org. Do take care.

Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. You may have trouble doing normal day-to-day activities, and sometimes you may feel as if life isn't worth living.

More than just a bout of the blues, depression isn't a weakness and you can't simply "snap out" of it. Depression may require long-term treatment. But don't get discouraged. Most people with depression feel better with medication, psychotherapy or both.

Depression care at Mayo Clinic

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Although depression may occur only once during your life, people typically have multiple episodes. During these episodes, symptoms occur most of the day, nearly every day and may include:

• Feelings of sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness
• Angry outbursts, irritability or frustration, even over small matters
• Loss of interest or pleasure in most or all normal activities, such as sex, hobbies or sports
• Sleep disturbances, including insomnia or sleeping too much
• Tiredness and lack of energy, so even small tasks take extra effort
• Reduced appetite and weight loss or increased cravings for food and weight gain
• Anxiety, agitation or restlessness
• Slowed thinking, speaking or body movements
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt, fixating on past failures or self-blame
• Trouble thinking, concentrating, making decisions and remembering things
• Frequent or recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts or suicide
• Unexplained physical problems, such as back pain or headaches

For many people with depression, symptoms usually are severe enough to cause noticeable problems in day-to-day activities, such as work, school, social activities or relationships with others. Some people may feel generally miserable or unhappy without really knowing why.

Depression symptoms in children and teens

Common signs and symptoms of depression in children and teenagers are similar to those of adults, but there can be some differences.

• In younger children, symptoms of depression may include sadness, irritability, clinginess, worry, aches and pains, refusing to go to school, or being underweight.
• In teens, symptoms may include sadness, irritability, feeling negative and worthless, anger, poor performance or poor attendance at school, feeling misunderstood and extremely sensitive, using recreational drugs or alcohol, eating or sleeping too much, self-harm, loss of interest in normal activities, and avoidance of social interaction.

Depression symptoms in older adults

Depression is not a normal part of growing older, and it should never be taken lightly. Unfortunately, depression often goes undiagnosed and untreated in older adults, and they may feel reluctant to seek help. Symptoms of depression may be different or less obvious in older adults, such as:

• Memory difficulties or personality changes
• Physical aches or pain
• Fatigue, loss of appetite, sleep problems or loss of interest in sex — not caused by a medical condition or medication
• Often wanting to stay at home, rather than going out to socialize or doing new things
• Suicidal thinking or feelings, especially in older men

When to see a doctor

If you feel depressed, make an appointment to see your doctor or mental health professional as soon as you can. If you're reluctant to seek treatment, talk to a friend or loved one, any health care professional, a faith leader, or someone else you trust.

When to get emergency help

If you think you may hurt yourself or attempt suicide, call 911 in the U.S. or your local emergency number immediately.

Also consider these options if you're having suicidal thoughts:

• Call your doctor or mental health professional.
• Contact a suicide hotline.
• In the U.S., call or text 988 to reach the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Or use the Lifeline Chat . Services are free and confidential.
• U.S. veterans or service members who are in crisis can call 988 and then press “1” for the Veterans Crisis Line . Or text 838255. Or chat online .
• The Suicide & Crisis Lifeline in the U.S. has a Spanish language phone line at 1-888-628-9454 (toll-free).
• Reach out to a close friend or loved one.
• Contact a minister, spiritual leader or someone else in your faith community.

If you have a loved one who is in danger of suicide or has made a suicide attempt, make sure someone stays with that person. Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Or, if you think you can do so safely, take the person to the nearest hospital emergency room.

More Information

Depression (major depressive disorder) care at Mayo Clinic

• Male depression: Understanding the issues
• Nervous breakdown: What does it mean?
• Pain and depression: Is there a link?

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It's not known exactly what causes depression. As with many mental disorders, a variety of factors may be involved, such as:

• Biological differences. People with depression appear to have physical changes in their brains. The significance of these changes is still uncertain, but may eventually help pinpoint causes.
• Brain chemistry. Neurotransmitters are naturally occurring brain chemicals that likely play a role in depression. Recent research indicates that changes in the function and effect of these neurotransmitters and how they interact with neurocircuits involved in maintaining mood stability may play a significant role in depression and its treatment.
• Hormones. Changes in the body's balance of hormones may be involved in causing or triggering depression. Hormone changes can result with pregnancy and during the weeks or months after delivery (postpartum) and from thyroid problems, menopause or a number of other conditions.
• Inherited traits. Depression is more common in people whose blood relatives also have this condition. Researchers are trying to find genes that may be involved in causing depression.
• Marijuana and depression
• Vitamin B-12 and depression

Risk factors

Depression often begins in the teens, 20s or 30s, but it can happen at any age. More women than men are diagnosed with depression, but this may be due in part because women are more likely to seek treatment.

Factors that seem to increase the risk of developing or triggering depression include:

• Certain personality traits, such as low self-esteem and being too dependent, self-critical or pessimistic
• Traumatic or stressful events, such as physical or sexual abuse, the death or loss of a loved one, a difficult relationship, or financial problems
• Blood relatives with a history of depression, bipolar disorder, alcoholism or suicide
• Being lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender, or having variations in the development of genital organs that aren't clearly male or female (intersex) in an unsupportive situation
• History of other mental health disorders, such as anxiety disorder, eating disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder
• Abuse of alcohol or recreational drugs
• Serious or chronic illness, including cancer, stroke, chronic pain or heart disease
• Certain medications, such as some high blood pressure medications or sleeping pills (talk to your doctor before stopping any medication)

Complications

Depression is a serious disorder that can take a terrible toll on you and your family. Depression often gets worse if it isn't treated, resulting in emotional, behavioral and health problems that affect every area of your life.

Examples of complications associated with depression include:

• Excess weight or obesity, which can lead to heart disease and diabetes
• Pain or physical illness
• Alcohol or drug misuse
• Anxiety, panic disorder or social phobia
• Family conflicts, relationship difficulties, and work or school problems
• Social isolation
• Suicidal feelings, suicide attempts or suicide
• Self-mutilation, such as cutting
• Premature death from medical conditions
• Depression and anxiety: Can I have both?

There's no sure way to prevent depression. However, these strategies may help.

• Take steps to control stress, to increase your resilience and boost your self-esteem.
• Reach out to family and friends, especially in times of crisis, to help you weather rough spells.
• Get treatment at the earliest sign of a problem to help prevent depression from worsening.
• Consider getting long-term maintenance treatment to help prevent a relapse of symptoms.
• Brown AY. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Nov. 17, 2016.
• Research report: Psychiatry and psychology, 2016-2017. Mayo Clinic. http://www.mayo.edu/research/departments-divisions/department-psychiatry-psychology/overview?_ga=1.199925222.939187614.1464371889. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depressive disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. http://www.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression. National Alliance on Mental Illness. http://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions/Depression/Overview. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression: What you need to know. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-what-you-need-to-know/index.shtml. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• What is depression? American Psychiatric Association. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression. NIH Senior Health. https://nihseniorhealth.gov/depression/aboutdepression/01.html. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Children’s mental health: Anxiety and depression. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/depression.html#depression. Accessed. Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression and complementary health approaches: What the science says. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/providers/digest/depression-science. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Depression. Natural Medicines. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com/databases/medical-conditions/d/depression.aspx. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Natural medicines in the clinical management of depression. Natural Medicines. http://naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com/ce/CECourse.aspx?cs=naturalstandard&s=ND&pm=5&pc=15-111. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• The road to resilience. American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/road-resilience.aspx. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Simon G, et al. Unipolar depression in adults: Choosing initial treatment. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Stewart D, et al. Risks of antidepressants during pregnancy: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Kimmel MC, et al. Safety of infant exposure to antidepressants and benzodiazepines through breastfeeding. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Bipolar and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. http://www.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Jan. 23, 2017.
• Hirsch M, et al. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) for treating depressed adults. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Jan. 24, 2017.
• Hall-Flavin DK (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Jan. 31, 2017.
• Krieger CA (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Feb. 2, 2017.
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• Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it?
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• Antidepressants: Selecting one that's right for you
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• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
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Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Urdu

Table of Contents

Here in this post, we are sharing the  “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Urdu”.  You can read psychometric and Author information.  We have thousands of Scales and questionnaires in our collection ( See Scales and Questionnaires ). You can demand us any scale and questionnaires related to psychology through our community , and we will provide you with a short time. Keep visiting  Psychology Roots .

About Scale Name

Author details.

Iram Fatima

Translation Availability

Background/Description

State well being was measured with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Zigmond and Snaith (1983) developed the scale to measure depression and anxiety . Seven items in the scale measure anxiety and seven measure depression . The scale measures state aspect of anxiety and depression as the person is asked to respond to the statements according to his or her feelings in the past week.

Though, interestingly the scale has the word “hospital” in its name, it was designed to use with outpatients as well as general population . Bjelland, Dahl, Haug, and Neckelmann (2002) in their review of the 747 identified papers that had used HADS, found that most factor analyses demonstrated a two factor solution in good accordance with the HADS subscales for Anxiety (HADSA) and Depression (HADS-D).

Cronbach’s alpha for HADS-A varied from .68 to .93 and for HADS-D from .67 to .90. Correlations between HADS and other commonly used questionnaires for measuring anxiety and depression were in the range of .49 to .83. The HADS has also been used and validated with Pakistanis living in Pakistan and abroad. Suhail (2000) found HADS reasonably valid to use with native and British Pakistanis. This study used original English version of the scale, whereas Mumford, Tareen, Bajwa, Bhatti, and Karim (1991) have reported the equivalence of Urdu version with the original version in a study on 120 bilingual Pakistani students.

On each item answers are to be given on 4-point scale ranging from zero to three with the options that are relevant to each item as each item has different response options. Conventionally the scores on the HADS-A and HADS-D have been calculated as sum of scores on all items of a scale but in the present study the scale scores were obtained by averaging the scores across the items. Possible scale scores range from 0 to 3 with high scores meaning high anxiety and depression . Thus low scores indicated high state well-being.

Administration, Scoring and Interpretation

• Explain the purpose of the scale and how it will be used.
• Read each item to the patient or ask the patient to read the item themselves.
• The patient will circle the number that best describes how they have been feeling in the past week.
• Repeat steps 2 and 3 for all 14 items.
• Calculate the total score for the HADS by adding the scores for the anxiety and depression subscales.
• Interpret the HADS scores using the cut-offs provided in the scale manual.

Reliability and Validity

The Urdu version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) has been found to be a reliable and valid measure of anxiety and depression in Urdu-speaking populations.

Reliability refers to the consistency of the scale’s scores. In other words, if a person takes the scale twice, their scores should be similar. The Urdu version of the HADS has good reliability , with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.82 for the anxiety subscale and 0.64 for the depression subscale.

Validity refers to the extent to which the scale measures what it is supposed to measure. In other words, the Urdu version of the HADS should be able to distinguish between people with anxiety and depression , and people with no or mild symptoms of anxiety or depression . The Urdu version of the HADS has good validity , with good correlations between the scale scores and clinical diagnoses of anxiety and depression .

In addition to reliability and validity , the Urdu version of the HADS has also been found to be sensitive to change over time. This means that the scale can be used to track changes in anxiety and depression symptoms over the course of treatment.

Available Versions

Fatima, I. (2009). Belief in a just world and subjective well-being in mothers of normal and Down syndrome children (dissertation).

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Scale File:

Frequently asked questions.

What is the Urdu version of the HADS? It is a self -report scale that is used to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression in Urdu-speaking populations.

How many items does the Urdu version of the HADS have? It has 14 items, with 7 items for anxiety and 7 items for depression .

How is the Urdu version of the HADS scored? Each item is rated on a scale of 0 to 3, where 0 indicates “not at all” and 3 indicates “severely.”

What are the cut-offs for the Urdu version of the HADS? A score of 8 or more on either subscale indicates probable anxiety or depressive disorder.

Please note that Psychology Roots does not have the right to grant permission for the use of any psychological scales or assessments listed on its website. To use any scale or assessment, you must obtain permission directly from the author or translator of the tool. Psychology Roots provides information about various tools and their administration procedures, but it is your responsibility to obtain proper permissions before using any scale or assessment. If you need further information about an author’s contact details, please submit a query to the Psychology Roots team.

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Urdu translation and validation of PHQ-9, a reliable identification, severity and treatment outcome tool for depression

2018, JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

OBJECTIVE To translate and validate the self-report brief version of Patient Health Questtionaire-9 in Urdu. METHODS The descriptive study was carried out at the Combined Military Hospitals in Gilgit and Lahore, and Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital in Karachi, from February to May 2016, and comprised of patients recruited from primary healthcare centres of the three cities Standardised procedures including forward-translation, back-translation, expert panel discussion, face validation, pilot testing, and target population validation were done. SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Of the 293 patients, 164(56%) were males and 129(44%) were females. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor solution with minimum factor loading being 0.63. Cronbach&#39;s alpha for the scale was 0.91 and split-half reliability was 0.77. Females were more likely to have depressive symptoms compared to male participants (p&lt;0.01). Participants&#39; area of dwelling also influen...

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Essays About Depression: Top 8 Examples Plus Prompts

Many people deal with mental health issues throughout their lives; if you are writing essays about depression, you can read essay examples to get started.

An occasional feeling of sadness is something that everyone experiences from time to time. Still, a persistent loss of interest, depressed mood, changes in energy levels, and sleeping problems can indicate mental illness. Thankfully, antidepressant medications, therapy, and other types of treatment can be largely helpful for people living with depression.

People suffering from depression or other mood disorders must work closely with a mental health professional to get the support they need to recover. While family members and other loved ones can help move forward after a depressive episode, it’s also important that people who have suffered from major depressive disorder work with a medical professional to get treatment for both the mental and physical problems that can accompany depression.

If you are writing an essay about depression, here are 8 essay examples to help you write an insightful essay. For help with your essays, check out our round-up of the best essay checkers .

• 1. My Best Friend Saved Me When I Attempted Suicide, But I Didn’t Save Her by Drusilla Moorhouse
• 2. How can I complain? by James Blake
• 3. What it’s like living with depression: A personal essay by Nadine Dirks
• 4. I Have Depression, and I’m Proof that You Never Know the Battle Someone is Waging Inside by Jac Gochoco
• 5. Essay: How I Survived Depression by Cameron Stout
• 6. I Can’t Get Out of My Sweat Pants: An Essay on Depression by Marisa McPeck-Stringham
• 7. This is what depression feels like by Courtenay Harris Bond

8. Opening Up About My Struggle with Recurring Depression by Nora Super

1. what is depression, 2. how is depression diagnosed, 3. causes of depression, 4. different types of depression, 5. who is at risk of depression, 6. can social media cause depression, 7. can anyone experience depression, the final word on essays about depression, is depression common, what are the most effective treatments for depression, top 8 examples, 1.  my best friend saved me when i attempted suicide, but i didn’t save her  by drusilla moorhouse.

“Just three months earlier, I had been a patient in another medical facility: a mental hospital. My best friend, Denise, had killed herself on Christmas, and days after the funeral, I told my mom that I wanted to die. I couldn’t forgive myself for the role I’d played in Denise’s death: Not only did I fail to save her, but I’m fairly certain I gave her the idea.”

Moorhouse makes painstaking personal confessions throughout this essay on depression, taking the reader along on the roller coaster of ups and downs that come with suicide attempts, dealing with the death of a loved one, and the difficulty of making it through major depressive disorder.

2.  How can I complain?  by James Blake

“I wanted people to know how I felt, but I didn’t have the vocabulary to tell them. I have gone into a bit of detail here not to make anyone feel sorry for me but to show how a privileged, relatively rich-and-famous-enough-for-zero-pity white man could become depressed against all societal expectations and allowances. If I can be writing this, clearly it isn’t only oppression that causes depression; for me it was largely repression.”

Musician James Blake shares his experience with depression and talks about his struggles with trying to grow up while dealing with existential crises just as he began to hit the peak of his fame. Blake talks about how he experienced guilt and shame around the idea that he had it all on the outside—and so many people deal with issues that he felt were larger than his.

3.  What it’s like living with depression: A personal essay   by Nadine Dirks

“In my early adulthood, I started to feel withdrawn, down, unmotivated, and constantly sad. What initially seemed like an off-day turned into weeks of painful feelings that seemed they would never let up. It was difficult to enjoy life with other people my age. Depression made typical, everyday tasks—like brushing my teeth—seem monumental. It felt like an invisible chain, keeping me in bed.”

Dirks shares her experience with depression and the struggle she faced to find treatment for mental health issues as a Black woman. Dirks discusses how even though she knew something about her mental health wasn’t quite right, she still struggled to get the diagnosis she needed to move forward and receive proper medical and psychological care.

4.  I Have Depression, and I’m Proof that You Never Know the Battle Someone is Waging Inside  by Jac Gochoco

“A few years later, at the age of 20, my smile had fallen, and I had given up. The thought of waking up the next morning was too much for me to handle. I was no longer anxious or sad; instead, I felt numb, and that’s when things took a turn for the worse. I called my dad, who lived across the country, and for the first time in my life, I told him everything. It was too late, though. I was not calling for help. I was calling to say goodbye.”

Gochoco describes the war that so many people with depression go through—trying to put on a brave face and a positive public persona while battling demons on the inside. The Olympic weightlifting coach and yoga instructor now work to share the importance of mental health with others.

5.  Essay: How I Survived Depression   by Cameron Stout

“In 1993, I saw a psychiatrist who prescribed an antidepressant. Within two months, the medication slowly gained traction. As the gray sludge of sadness and apathy washed away, I emerged from a spiral of impending tragedy. I helped raise two wonderful children, built a successful securities-litigation practice, and became an accomplished cyclist. I began to take my mental wellness for granted. “

Princeton alum Cameron Stout shared his experience with depression with his fellow Tigers in Princeton’s alumni magazine, proving that even the most brilliant and successful among us can be rendered powerless by a chemical imbalance. Stout shares his experience with treatment and how working with mental health professionals helped him to come out on the other side of depression.

6.  I Can’t Get Out of My Sweat Pants: An Essay on Depression  by Marisa McPeck-Stringham

“Sometimes, when the depression got really bad in junior high, I would come straight home from school and change into my pajamas. My dad caught on, and he said something to me at dinner time about being in my pajamas several days in a row way before bedtime. I learned it was better not to change into my pajamas until bedtime. People who are depressed like to hide their problematic behaviors because they are so ashamed of the way they feel. I was very ashamed and yet I didn’t have the words or life experience to voice what I was going through.”

McPeck-Stringham discusses her experience with depression and an eating disorder at a young age; both brought on by struggles to adjust to major life changes. The author experienced depression again in her adult life, and thankfully, she was able to fight through the illness using tried-and-true methods until she regained her mental health.

7.  This is what depression feels like  by Courtenay Harris Bond

“The smallest tasks seem insurmountable: paying a cell phone bill, lining up a household repair. Sometimes just taking a shower or arranging a play date feels like more than I can manage. My children’s squabbles make me want to scratch the walls. I want to claw out of my own skin. I feel like the light at the end of the tunnel is a solitary candle about to blow out at any moment. At the same time, I feel like the pain will never end.”

Bond does an excellent job of helping readers understand just how difficult depression can be, even for people who have never been through the difficulty of mental illness. Bond states that no matter what people believe the cause to be—chemical imbalance, childhood issues, a combination of the two—depression can make it nearly impossible to function.

“Once again, I spiraled downward. I couldn’t get out of bed. I couldn’t work. I had thoughts of harming myself. This time, my husband urged me to start ECT much sooner in the cycle, and once again, it worked. Within a matter of weeks I was back at work, pretending nothing had happened. I kept pushing myself harder to show everyone that I was “normal.” I thought I had a pattern: I would function at a high level for many years, and then my depression would be triggered by a significant event. I thought I’d be healthy for another ten years.”

Super shares her experience with electroconvulsive therapy and how her depression recurred with a major life event despite several years of solid mental health. Thankfully, Super was able to recognize her symptoms and get help sooner rather than later.

7 Writing Prompts on Essays About Depression

When writing essays on depression, it can be challenging to think of essay ideas and questions. Here are six essay topics about depression that you can use in your essay.

Depression can be difficult to define and understand. Discuss the definition of depression, and delve into the signs, symptoms, and possible causes of this mental illness. Depression can result from trauma or personal circumstances, but it can also be a health condition due to genetics. In your essay, look at how depression can be spotted and how it can affect your day-to-day life. 

Depression diagnosis can be complicated; this essay topic will be interesting as you can look at the different aspects considered in a diagnosis. While a certain lab test can be conducted, depression can also be diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Research the different ways depression can be diagnosed and discuss the benefits of receiving a diagnosis in this essay.

There are many possible causes of depression; this essay discusses how depression can occur. Possible causes of depression can include trauma, grief, anxiety disorders, and some physical health conditions. Look at each cause and discuss how they can manifest as depression.

There are many different types of depression. This essay topic will investigate each type of depression and its symptoms and causes. Depression symptoms can vary in severity, depending on what is causing it. For example, depression can be linked to medical conditions such as bipolar disorder. This is a different type of depression than depression caused by grief. Discuss the details of the different types of depression and draw comparisons and similarities between them.

Certain genetic traits, socio-economic circumstances, or age can make people more prone to experiencing symptoms of depression. Depression is becoming more and more common amongst young adults and teenagers. Discuss the different groups at risk of experiencing depression and how their circumstances contribute to this risk.

Social media poses many challenges to today’s youth, such as unrealistic beauty standards, cyber-bullying, and only seeing the “highlights” of someone’s life. Can social media cause depression in teens? Delve into the negative impacts of social media when writing this essay. You could compare the positive and negative sides of social media and discuss whether social media causes mental health issues amongst young adults and teenagers.

This essay question poses the question, “can anyone experience depression?” Although those in lower-income households may be prone to experiencing depression, can the rich and famous also experience depression? This essay discusses whether the privileged and wealthy can experience their possible causes. This is a great argumentative essay topic, discuss both sides of this question and draw a conclusion with your final thoughts.

When writing about depression, it is important to study examples of essays to make a compelling essay. You can also use your own research by conducting interviews or pulling information from other sources. As this is a sensitive topic, it is important to approach it with care; you can also write about your own experiences with mental health issues.

Tip: If writing an essay sounds like a lot of work, simplify it. Write a simple 5 paragraph essay instead.

FAQs On Essays About Depression

According to the World Health Organization, about 5% of people under 60 live with depression. The rate is slightly higher—around 6%—for people over 60. Depression can strike at any age, and it’s important that people who are experiencing symptoms of depression receive treatment, no matter their age. 

Suppose you’re living with depression or are experiencing some of the symptoms of depression. In that case, it’s important to work closely with your doctor or another healthcare professional to develop a treatment plan that works for you. A combination of antidepressant medication and cognitive behavioral therapy is a good fit for many people, but this isn’t necessarily the case for everyone who suffers from depression. Be sure to check in with your doctor regularly to ensure that you’re making progress toward improving your mental health.

If you’re still stuck, check out our general resource of essay writing topics .

Amanda has an M.S.Ed degree from the University of Pennsylvania in School and Mental Health Counseling and is a National Academy of Sports Medicine Certified Personal Trainer. She has experience writing magazine articles, newspaper articles, SEO-friendly web copy, and blog posts.

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Essay on Discipline In Urdu

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نظم و ضبط مضمون

نظم و ضبط ایک ایسی چیز ہے جو ہر شخص کو اپنے کنٹرول میں رکھتی ہے۔ یہ انسان کو زندگی میں ترقی اور کامیابی کے حصول کی ترغیب دیتی ہے۔ ہر ایک کو اپنی زندگی میں نظم و ضبط کو مختلف شکل میں اپنانا چاہیے۔ کچھ لوگ اسے اپنی زندگی کا حصہ سمجھتے ہیں اور کچھ نہیں۔یہ ایک ہدایت نامہ ہے کہ انسان کو سیدھے راستے پر گامزن کرتی ہے۔

نظم و ضبط کی اہمیت اور اقسام

نظم و ضبط کے بغیر کسی بھی شخص کی زندگی مدھم اور غیر فعال ہوجائے گی۔ نیز نظم و ضبط والا شخص دوسرے لوگوں کے مقابلے میں نفیس انداز میں زندگی گزار سکتا ہے۔

مزید یہ کہ اگر آپ کا کوئی منصوبہ ہے اور آپ اسے اپنی زندگی میں نافذ کرنا چاہتے ہیں تو آپ کو نظم و ضبط کی ضرورت ہے۔ نظم و ضبط چیزوں کو سنبھالنا آسان بناتا ہے اور بالآخر آپ کی زندگی میں کامیابی لاتا ہے۔

اگر نظم و ضبط کی اقسام کے بارے میں بات کی جائے تو وہ عام طور پر دو قسم کے ہوتے ہیں۔ پہلی ایک نظم و ضبط کی حوصلہ افزائی ہے اور دوسرا خود نظم و ضبط ہے۔

حوصلہ افزائی کی نظم و ضبط وہ چیز ہے جسے دوسروں نے ہمیں سکھایا یا ہم دوسروں کو دیکھ کر سیکھتے ہیں۔ جب کہ خود نظم و ضبط اندر سے آتا ہے اور ہم اسے خود ہی سیکھتے ہیں۔ خود نظم و ضبط کے لیے دوسروں کی طرف سے بہت حوصلہ افزائی اور تعاون کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ سب سے بڑھ کر بغیر کسی غلطی کے اپنے روزمرہ کے شیڈول پر عمل کرنا بھی نظم و ضبط کا حصہ ہے۔

نظم و ضبط کی ضرورت

ہمیں زندگی میں تقریباً ہر جگہ نظم و ضبط کی ضرورت ہے۔ لہذا بہتر یہی ہے کہ ہماری زندگی کے ابتدائی مرحلے سے ہی نظم و ضبط کو بروئے کار لایا جائے۔ خود نظم و ضبط کا مطلب مختلف لوگوں کے لئے مختلف چیزیں ہیں۔ طلباء کے لئے اس کے معنی الگ ، ملازم کے لئے مختلف ہیں اور بچوں کے لئے اس کے معنی مختلف ہیں۔

مزید یہ کہ زندگی اور ترجیح کے مراحل کے ساتھ نظم و ضبط کے معنی بدل جاتے ہیں کیونکہ اس کے لئے بہت محنت اور لگن کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ نیز اس کو مثبت دماغ اور صحت مند جسم کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ کسی کو نظم و ضبط کے لیے سختی اختیار کرنی ہوگی تاکہ وہ کامیابی کی راہ کو کامیابی کے ساتھ مکمل کر سکے۔

نظم و ضبط کے فوائد

شاگرد ایک سیڑھی ہے جس کے ذریعے انسان کامیابی حاصل کرتا ہے۔ نظم و ضبط سے شاگرد کو زندگی میں اپنے مقاصد پر توجہ دینے میں مدد ملتی ہے۔ نیز اسے وہ مقصد سے الگ نہیں ہونے دیتا۔

اس کے علاوہ اس فرد کے ذہن اور جسم کو قواعد و ضوابط کا جواب دینے کے لئے تربیت دے کر انسان کی زندگی میں کمال لاتا ہے جو معاشرے کا ایک مثالی شہری بننے میں اس کی مدد کرتا ہے۔

اگر ہم پیشہ ورانہ زندگی کے بارے میں بات کرتے ہیں تو نظم و ضبط والے شخص کو اس شخص سے زیادہ مواقع ملتے ہیں جو غیر نظم و ضبط ہے۔ نیز یہ فرد کی شخصیت میں ایک غیر معمولی جہت کا اضافہ ہو جاتا ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ وہ شخص جہاں بھی جاتا ہے لوگوں کے ذہنوں پر مثبت اثر ڈالتا ہے۔

آخر میں ہم یہ کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ نظم و ضبط کسی کی بھی زندگی کا ایک کلیدی عنصر ہے۔ ایک شخص صرف تب ہی کامیاب ہوسکتا ہے جب وہ سختی سے صحت مند اور تادیبی زندگی گزارے۔ اس کے علاوہ نظم و ضبط بھی بہت ساری طریقوں سے ہماری مدد کرتا ہے اور ہمارے آس پاس کے فرد کو نظم و ضبط کی طرف راغب کرنے کے لئے تحریک دیتا ہے۔ سب سے بڑھ کر نظم و ضبط انسان کو کامیابی حاصل کرنے میں مدد دیتا ہے جو وہ زندگی میں چاہتا ہے۔