expository essay on unemployment

Unemployment Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on unemployment.

Unemployment is a very serious issue not only in India but in the whole world. There are hundreds and thousands of people out there who do not have employment . Besides, the problems of unemployment are very severe in India because of the growing population and demand for jobs. Moreover, if we neglect this problem then it will be going to become the reason for the doom of the nation.

What is Unemployment?

Unemployment refers to a situation in which a skilled and talented people wanted to do a job. But cannot find a proper job due to several reasons.

Types of Unemployment

Now we know what is unemployment but unemployment does not only mean that the person does not have a job. Likewise, unemployment also includes people working in areas out of their expertise.

The various types of unemployment include disguised unemployment, seasonal unemployment, open unemployment, technological unemployment, structural unemployment. Besides, some other unemployment is cyclic unemployment, educated unemployment, underemployment, frictional unemployment, chronic unemployment, and casual unemployment.

Above all, seasonal unemployment, under unemployment, and disguised unemployment are the most common unemployment that is found in India.

Reasons for Unemployment

In a country like India, there is much reason for a large section of the population for being unemployed. Some of these factors are population growth, slow economic growth , seasonal occupation, slow growth of the economic sector, and fall in the cottage industry.

Moreover, these are the major reason for unemployment in India. Also, the situation has become so drastic that highly educated people are ready to do the job of a sweeper. Besides, the government is not doing his work seriously.

Apart from all these, a large portion of the population is engaged in the agricultural sector and the sector only provides employment in harvest or plantation time.

In addition, the biggest reason of unemployment in India is its vast population which demands a large number of jobs every year which the government and authorities are unable to provide.

Consequences of Unemployment

If things will go on like the current scenario then unemployment will become a major issue. Apart from this, the following things happen in an economy which is an increase in poverty, an increase in crime rate, exploitation of labor, political instability, mental health, and loss of skills. As a result, all this will eventually lead to the demise of the nation.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Initiative by Government

The government has taken the problem very seriously and have taken measures to slowly reduce unemployment. Some of these schemes includes IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Programme), DPAP (Drought Prone Area Programme), Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, Employment Assurance Scheme, NRY (Nehru Rozgar Yojana), Training for self-Employment, PMIUPEP (Prime Minister’s Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Program), employment exchange, Employment Guarantee Scheme, development of organized sector, small and cottage industries, employment in forging countries, and Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana and few more.

Besides, these schemes the government also make some rules flexible, so that employment can be created in the private sector also.

To conclude, we can say that the problem of unemployment in India has reached a critical stage. But, now the government and local authorities have taken the problem seriously and working on it to reduce unemployment. Also, to completely solve the issue of unemployment we have to tackle the main issue of unemployment that is the vast population of India.

FAQs about Unemployment

Q.1 Why there is a problem of unemployment in India? A.1 Due to overpopulation and lack of proper skills there is a problem of unemployment in India.

Q.2 Define Disguised unemployment? A.2 Disguised unemployment refers to a form of employment in which more than the required numbers of people work in industry or factory. And removing some employee will not affect productivity.

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Unemployment Essay Writing Guide

Essay paper writing

Academic writing

Employment is one of the major forces that bring on the economic growth of each country. In addition, unemployment rates can show how economic state of a country changes with time. That is why, it is crucially important to study the causes and effects of unemployment on the economy, social issues, and the life of every individual. Every student can do that by working on a research paper or essay about unemployment.

Luckily, you have come across this article, in which we collected the tips and ideas on how to write the best essay or research paper on unemployment. Stay tuned and read on to know all the intricacies of writing the best academic paper on this topic from scratch, even if you know little or nothing in this field. 

Purpose of writing an unemployment research paper

Let’s start with a discussion on how to write a research paper. Conducting unemployment research, you are encouraged to explore and identify issues that arise when willing workers can’t find a well-paid job or lose jobs as a result of their employers’ inability to maintain the growing rate of production.

Of course, this process affects the economy in general as well as the lives of each and every one of us. Having said that, when you look at this problem analytically and study it from different points of view, using recent data, it allows you to either find solutions to it or encourage other students, activists, or even scholars to further this research and propose their solutions.

Unemployment research paper topics

Here are some interesting research topics on unemployment for your consideration: 

• Karl Marx’s theory of unemployment
• To what extent can automation be helpful or harmful in the workforce?
• What are the long-term consequences of unemployment?
• What is a link between inflation and unemployment?
• Why is unemployment particularly bad for women?
• How does the unemployment rate affect the phycological state of people?
• Unemployment during the Big Depression
• Unemployment rate during COVID-19 pandemics
• Automation of labor and unemployment
• The effects of unemployment on students
• The unemployment rate in the country of choice
• Which population is the most vulnerable to unemployment?
• The link between unemployment and crime rate
• Ways of reducing unemployment

Unemployment research questions

When you have chosen the topic, it is important to formulate a few unemployment research questions and choose one or a few that you are going to focus on in your work. If your topic is broad, narrow it down to something more specific that you would be able to cover within the given word count. Make sure it is not too narrow to be researchable but specific enough for you to understand what kind of information to look for specifically.

The questions you formulate can be focused on the:

• Comparison between certain aspects of unemployment.
• Relationships between variables of your choice.
• Advantages/disadvantages of certain aspects.
• Causal relationships between specific variables.
• Factors contributing to the problem or its solution.

There are a lot of ways to formulate a research question for an unemployment paper, and we suggest that you run the question of your choice by your professor before starting to write.

Unemployment research paper outline

While your outline should include as many details as possible, the main sections it will cover are:

• Introduction
• Introductory phrase
• Background information
• Statement of hypothesis/thesis statement
• Body sections:
• Literature review
• Methodology
• Restated hypothesis/thesis
• Main points of research.
• Further application/Significance of research.

Tips for writing an essay on unemployment

Writing an academic essay on unemployment might appear like quite a difficult task. In order to make your life easier, we have decided to provide with the best writing tips:

• Choose the topic which you are genuinely interested in. This way, the writing process will be exciting and productive.
• Make an outline. This is an essential part of employment essay writing, which helps you to keep your ideas in order and write a well-structured text.
• Write the first draft. It will help you understand how to present your arguments and evidence as well as frame your essay.
• Look for well-written examples. There are a lot of sample essays on unemployment on the Web. Therefore, if you are not sure what to focus yours on or how to put your ideas on paper, reading a few examples might help.
• Proofread your essay. It’s a good idea to revise your paper the next day after you finish writing it. This way, you will notice more grammatical errors and common structural and stylistic mistakes.

Topics for writing an essay on unemployment

• Essay on educated unemployment
• Essay on unemployment among graduates
• Essay on unemployment and poverty
• Essay on rural unemployment
• Essay on the evils of unemployment
• Essay on poverty, illiteracy, and unemployment
• Essay on poverty and unemployment in specific countries/states
• Essay on unemployment and underemployment after wars
• Essay on effects of unemployment (psychological, sociological, financial, etc.)
• Causes of unemployment essay
• Essay on reasons for unemployment
• Essay on the impact of unemployment
• Causes and effects of unemployment essay
• Cause and effect of unemployment essay: is there a link between low quality education and unemployment?
• Argumentative essay on unemployment: should government help the vulnerable population with job search?
• Cause and effect essay on unemployment and inflation
• Unemployment problem solution essay
• Essay on employment and unemployment
• Essay on unemployment in America
• Essay on unemployment and its long-term effects

Unemployment essay outline

Whether you are writing a one-page essay on unemployment or a longer well-researched one at the end of the semester, making an outline is an important step you should never skip. Just like with a research paper, an unemployment essay outline also has a specific structure:

• Unemployment essay introduction. For starters, you need to provide readers with background on the topic and some justifications as to why you have chosen it. At the end of the intro, present your thesis statement with the main points that you will be discussing in more detail further.
• Body paragraphs. The main part is the most extended and informative section of the whole essay. It usually consists of 3-5 paragraphs (however, there can be more or less, depending on the specific requirements). Each paragraph has to include the argument connected with your thesis statement, which is reinforced with evidence and examples. Make sure that your body paragraphs are logically interconnected. In this case, transition words will be of great help.
• Conclusion for an essay on unemployment. At the final stage, here comes the time to briefly remind the readers about all the arguments discussed throughout the essay and the thesis statement that you have put forward in the intro. Don’t make new points in a conclusion for an unemployment essay. This is the part where you reflect on what was written without adding factual or statistical info to continue the discussion. In the final sentences of the unemployment essay conclusion, try coming up with a catchy phrase to wrap up everything that you have showcased before effectively and to encourage your readers for further reflections. 

Statistics for your essay on unemployment

We have collected some interesting and somehow shocking statistics, which you can use in your unemployment essay or research paper:

• Developed countries often cannot offer permanent positions for an excessive number of college graduates, both local residents and international students. This problem creates enormous competition for permanent positions in their chosen fields of study. One great example of such a situation is the US economic recession of 2007-2008 when the employment rate of candidates with bachelor's degrees suddenly dropped to as low as 9%.
• One of the recent American surveys showed that some of the highest unemployment rates were among Philosophy (6.2%) as well as the English Language (6.4%) and Mass Media (7.4%) graduates. On the other hand, the lowest unemployment rates were fixed in the fields of Industrial Engineering (1.7%) and Medical Technicians (0.9%).
• Youth are approximately three times more likely to be unemployed than adults (2.7).
• Among all developing regions, East Asia has the largest unemployment rate.
• The number of unemployed workers in the world’s developing economies is roughly the same as the population of Bangladesh (156.6 million), the world’s eighth-most populous country.
• Despite COVID-19 pandemics, the US unemployment rate has fallen to 7.9% (from 8.4%). The most prosperous are the restaurant, retail, and healthcare sectors.

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Unemployment Essay

Introduction.

Unemployment can be defined as the condition where citizens of a country are jobless and have in the recent past been involved in searching work without a success. Unemployment rate can be defined as the prevalence of unemployment opportunities in a country. The unemployment index is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed individuals by the number of individuals in the labour force (Arestis & John 15).

I have chosen the unemployment situation because of the increasing and prevalent unemployment rates in various countries.

Recent statistics indicate that, the rate of unemployment is on the increase and there is a lot of information to cover the complex area of unemployment. There are various reasons which cause unemployment in a country. The following are some of the reasons that cause unemployment rate in a country (Arestis & John 20).

• Advances in new technologies. New technologies to a large extent replace the human labour force which renders most human beings as unemployed.
• Population increase. The level of unemployment is believed to go up as population in a country increases. Increase in population leads to an increased pressure on the available resources. These limited resources are few and cannot accommodate the increasing demands of the population
• National policies. Some countries have stringent national policies that favour the increase in the unemployment levels in a country. These national policies will always restrict the participation of certain gender groups in specific employment sectors. For example, some countries restricts the participation of women in many employment sectors especially the building, and construction sector.
• Political environments also play a major role towards increasing the rate of unemployment. Political environments that increase the rate of unemployment are quite dominant especially in the developing countries. Such environments will enhance political vices such as nepotism and corruption which undermines the possibility of having fair distribution of employment opportunities to citizens.
• Economic depression. Economic depression is a form of economic recession that is long-term which is characterized by a downturn in the various economic activities in a country.

In analyzing this complex situation of unemployment, it is of vital importance to consider the application of various system analyzing tools such as “tools, methods, methodology and many techniques”. This will make the analysis of the complex situation being analyzed to be understood easily.

In my research I will analyze the complex process of unemployment with the aim of creating a sustainable environment in the employment sector.

The research will encompass the various causes of unemployment rates, the challenges being encountered in the process of reducing unemployment rates. The research will critically analyze the various types of unemployment and, the mechanisms which can be adopted in order to reduce the prevalent rates of unemployment.

Unemployment is a complex problem facing many countries presently. The process of reducing unemployment rates can be a daunting process fraught with disappointments. As a summary of the major findings of the research, the major cause of unemployment is lack of information among citizens, and poor governance policies in a country (Arestis & John 30).

Various citizens are ignorant on how to effectively utilize the available natural and human resources to create employment. They lack a sense of creativity which could possibly create employment opportunities. Also, most citizens are ignorant on how to effectively participate in democratic governance process.

This ignorance eventually creates autocratic governance regimes which fosters nepotism and corruption. These political vices reduce the availability of employment opportunities in a country, leading to unemployment (Arestis & John 15).

One key requirement of a good system practitioner is the ability of the system practitioner to apply the various models, methods and theories of system practitioner into the real life.

My undertaking of this project will assist me to apply the various system practitioner concepts learnt in class to the real life complex scenario of unemployment (Jacques & Stephen, 1994, pg. 21). In analyzing the complexity associated with unemployment, I will consider the various theories of complex management which I will discuss along with the development of this paper.

Applying hard systems method

Before analyzing the complex process of unemployment, it is important to make a distinction between hard and soft systems. Hard systems can be defined as those problems that deal with the “how” questions. For example, the question of how to increase the rate of employment is an example of a hard problem.

A hard problem is always characterized by the fact that there is a distinct solution, and there are a number of defined goals that are well defined which should be accomplished. On the other hand, a soft system is a problem that encompasses both the “how” and “what” questions (Jacques & Stephen, 1994, pg. 27)

The complex process of unemployment could be well analyzed using the hard system method of approach. The hard system method tries to analyze a complex problem through many stages which will be discussed in this paper.

There are various advantages that are associated with the use of the hard system methodology of concept analysis. The following are some of the advantages of using the hard system method (Jacques & Stephen, 1994, pg. 35)

• It provides a deeper understanding and analysis of the problem of unemployment and answers the question of how to mitigate the unemployment problem.
• Hard system analysis provides answers to other complex problems related to unemployment like how to use technology to increase the rate of employment.

The following diagram indicates the application of hard system in the analysis of unemployment.

The above diagram indicates the various processes that will be undertaken in the analysis of the unemployment problem.

Stage 1. System description

System description will always indicate the current position and status of the problem being analyzed. Currently we are experiencing a high rate of unemployment which is characterized by the increasing population rate. The world population is estimated at 7 billion people.

The available limited employment resources are not sufficient to carter for the demands of the 7 billion individuals. This eventually piles up pressure on the resources that could be used to create employment opportunities, hence leading to an increased level of unemployment (Steger, Maznevski & Wolfgang 39).

The following table illustrates the world population by continent by 2011.

The alarming increase in the level of unemployment creates a need for analyzing the complex concept of unemployment with the aim of unmasking the strategies to be adopted in order to reduce unemployment rates (Arestis & John 55).

The following table indicates the world top ten countries by unemployment rate

The above data directly underpins the fact that unemployment is a complex prevalent issue. If much is not done to contain the issue, then, the issue will become out of control and cause adverse effects to the limited human, and natural resources available (Arestis & John 60).

Stage 2. Identification of constraints and objectives

The main objective of this sturdy is to identify the various causes of unemployment and any relevant measure that can be adopted to mitigate the problem of unemployment. Also, the sturdy is aimed at identifying the reasons as to why there is a huge gap between the unemployment rates in developed countries and the developing countries (Steger, Maznevski & Wolfgang 40).

The major projected constrain is the political environments and government policies and ideologies governing the utilization of resources, and the creation of employment opportunities.

Stage 3. Generation of routes to objectives

• Governments and relevant stakeholders should ensure that, there is gender equity and equality in the allocation of employment opportunities.
• Governments should adopt various strategies that will involve the citizens in the creation of employment opportunity for self-sustainability. A self-sustenance economy should be adopted which can be achieved through promotion of innovation and creativity.
• Removal of political and governance ideologies that promote nepotism, and corruption.
• Creation of public awareness and increased public participation in the governance process.

Stage 4. Formulating measures for performance

Measures of performance will measure to what extent has the research objectives been met. In order to measure the performance, the unemployment index will be recorded for the next five years after the activities stipulated in the routes to objectives have been undertaken.

The unemployment index obtained will then be compared to unemployment index done before undertaking this research. The comparison will give vital information as to whether there is been an improvement in the unemployment index after the adoption of the routes to objectives (Zimmer & Jake 44).

Stage 5. Modeling

The modeling process will involve those activities that are geared towards determining the outcomes of the research (Zimmer & Jake 51). In order to identify the outcomes, a survey will be carried out after every year for the next five years to find out the rate of unemployment.

This will be calculated by dividing the number of employed individuals by the number of unemployed individuals. The index obtained will then be compared in order to determine whether there is an improvement or a decline in the unemployment rate (Arestis & John 31).

Stage 6. Evaluation

The evaluation stage is the most important stage in the analysis of the complex issue. Evaluation will involve the analysis of the outcomes obtained from the modelling stage. The evaluation will involve the analysis of the disparities that will be recorded in the research.

This will involve the sturdy of what factors are causing the disparity and how to re-align and reconfigure the process routes in order to achieve the research objectives. Evaluation process might also include the prototyping technique where the routes are tested, and retested in order to determine their viability before being fully implemented (Zimmer & Jake 71).

Stage 7. Selecting the best routes to objectives

After the evaluation process, the best route towards achieving the objectives should be selected. The route chosen should ensure that the research objectives have been met to a large extent. In the analysis of unemployment, the best route that was identified was the creation of awareness and involving the individuals in the governance process (Steger, Maznevski & Wolfgang 59).

This route will increase the level of democracy in a country hence creating equal employment opportunities for both women and men. Also, creating public awareness will ensure that citizens are well equipped with knowledge of how to effective utilize resources and create employment opportunities.

Also, public participation in the governance process will ensure that the governance policies adopted foster democracy which is a key ingredient towards reducing the rate of unemployment (Arestis & John 75).

Stage 8. Implementation of the selected routes

The implementation process will involve the process of adopting and enrolling the best selected route. In the case of unemployment, the selected route of creating awareness and increasing public participation in the governance process will be adopted.

Creating awareness will involve conducting of seminars to enlighten the public on how to effectively use the available resources, and how to create employment opportunities through innovation (Steger, Maznevski & Wolfgang 69).

Public participation in the process of policy formulation will be achieved through promotion of civic education among citizens on how to carefully vote and chose leaders with integrity.

Also, the civic education will be aimed at increasing public participation in government related projects, and governance processes starting from the grassroots government structures. Also, the civic education will aim at educating citizens on how they can get access to public funds and amenities.

Stakeholders involved

Stakeholders can be described as those people who are in one way or the other affected by the problem of unemployment. Also, stakeholders in one way or the other affect the entire problem of unemployment. Stakeholders can negatively or positively be affected by the unemployment concept.

On the other hand, stakeholders can positively or negatively influence the prevalence of unemployment concept (Jacques & Stephen, 1994, pg. 75)

The following tables indicates a summary of the how stakeholders are affected/affect the unemployment concept

Ethicality statement

As a system practitioner I fully commit myself to the various ethical guidelines that should be followed whenever undertaking any research work. I will consider the following ethical consideration I my research undertaking:

• The data collected will be solely used for the purpose of the research, and no client data will be used for any other purposes not stipulated in the research.
• The clients will be fully informed on the purpose of the research, and the duration the research is going to take.
• The participation of subjects in the research will be voluntary, and out of consent. Where approval is required, then, the relevant approving bodies will be sought.

Conclusion and recommendations

In conclusion, it is evident from the research that unemployment is a complex issue that can be solved abstractly. With the increasing levels of unemployment, much has to be done in order to mitigate and reduce the rate of unemployment. This calls for public awareness, and participation in the entire process of creating employment. Such a complex issue should not be entrusted in the hands of greedy and selfish leaders.

Project log

The entire project will be spread over a period of six weeks with the first two weeks dealing with the preparation process and the last four weeks dealing with the data collection and analysis. The five weeks have been broken into three phases.

The following table indicates the project log phases.

Week 1 and week 2

During the first two weeks, I was involved in the process of consulting my colleagues and tutor to try and sought out their opinion about the topic. This gave a chance to discuss the various available methodologies that could be used in the sturdy. Also, this gave a chance to identify whether unemployment is a complex process or not.

Also, during the first week, I was able to undertake a literature review in order to determine what other researchers have done about the unemployment concept. The literature review sufficed me with relevant information about the unemployment concept.

Also, the information obtained was useful in avoiding mistakes done by previous researchers. The literature review involved researching the relevant literature materials like the internet, books, journals, and articles. I also obtained a chance of visiting various libraries in order to find out more information about the unemployment concept.

Week 3, 4 and 5

Most of the research work was conducted during the third, fourth and the fifth week. Various data was collected about the unemployment rate of individuals. Also, clients were required to fill in a survey form and a questionnaire in order to determine the causes of unemployment. Also, the subjects were required to give their individual opinions about what could be done in order to reduce the rate of unemployment.

Various data collections methods were employed in the process of data collection which includes the following methods; survey forms, questionnaires, and interviews.

Subjects were required to fill in questionnaires which sought to find out what were the causes of unemployment and what could be done to reduce the unemployment rates. Subjects were also required to fill in a survey form to determine whether the government is doing much to contain the problem of unemployment.

A series of interviews were also conducted with the aim of finding more first-hand information about the problem of unemployment. A total of three interviews were conducted during the entire period of the project. The following are the interviews that were conducted during the time of research.

The sixth week of the research was purely dedicated to data analysis and the sturdy of the findings. The data collected was analyzed and compared to previous data that was collected by other researchers on the same subject. The data analysis stage involved the application of the hard system on the complex process of unemployment. Various stages of the hard system methodology were studied in respect to unemployment.

Also, the compilation of the results obtained was done on the sixth week. This was the last week of the project undertaking, and due consultation was made to ensure that the project is up to date and with the relevant requirements.

I also, spent some time with my project supervisor in order to discuss the application of TMA in the complex process of unemployment. My supervisor advice helped a lot in the development of the project in the sense that, the information I was given largely assisted in the ensuring the realization of the research objectives.

Summary of the project log

In this section of the report, I will cover a brief summary of what I have been able to undertake during my six weeks of undertaking the project.

Undertaking the T306 course has largely helped build more on the concept that I learnt in my previous course, T205-An approach to system thinking. Managing complexity has equipped me with knowledge of how to apply various managing complexity theories, systems, and methodology in analyzing complex situations.

During the first five weeks of my project undertaking, I was extensively involved in the process of data collection and literature review. This introduced me to a number of literature and concept regarding the problem of unemployment. It also introduced me to a wide range of knowledge regarding data collection methods like interviews, questionnaires, and surveys.

The last week of the project was dedicated to data analysis. During this period of data analysis, various data analysis techniques were employed to analyze the data. This introduced me to a wide range of scientific data analysis methods of analyzing data.

Client report

The major client in the above research is the unemployed citizen or individual. They are the ones who are largely affected by the rising unemployment rate. Most of the unemployed individuals or citizens have the common ideology that it is the responsibility of government and private sectors to create employment.

Such an ideology is wrong because the process of creating employment opportunities is neither a government responsibility nor the responsibility of the private sector. It is a collective responsibility that has to be done by the collaboration of the citizens, the private sector, and the government.

There are various forms of employment that currently exists. One can be self employed which means that, they are their own employers. This form of employment fosters renovation and a spirit of entrepreneurship among citizens. This spirit eventually promotes innovation and creativity which eventually creates employment opportunities.

Also, citizens should be made to understand that, democracy plays a major role towards creation of employment opportunities. Democracy ensures accountability and transparency towards the use of resources, hence creating avenues for more employment opportunities. On the other hand, corruption, nepotism, and violence lead to misuse of resources which eventually blocks avenues for creating employment opportunities.

In order to reduce the adverse effects associated with unemployment, citizens should engage in innovation and creative activities. This will enhance the proper utilization of resources and eventually creating employment opportunities. One major desirable aspect of a good economy is the ability to be self sustainable.

A self sustainable economy will ensure that citizens have the services and products they require. One way of ensuring a self sustaining economy is by having citizens engage in innovative and creative activities. Such activities will lead to specialization, and creation of more job, and employment opportunities.

Works Cited

Arestis, Philip & McCombie, John. Unemployment: Past and Present . Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. Print.

Jaques, Elliott, and Stephen, Clement. Executive Leadership: A Practical Guide to Managing Complexity . Malden, Mass: Blackwell, 1994. Print.

Steger, Ulrich & Maznevski, Martha & Wolfgang, Amann. Managing Complexity in Global Organizations . Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, 2007. Print.

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IvyPanda. (2024, February 27). Unemployment. https://ivypanda.com/essays/unemployment-essay/

"Unemployment." IvyPanda , 27 Feb. 2024, ivypanda.com/essays/unemployment-essay/.

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Bibliography

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Essays on Unemployment

Unemployment is one of the main social-economic problems in the world, making unemployment essay writing an important task to help understand unemployment and its consequences. The unemployment rate in the country influences the level of crime, people’s living conditions, the availability of skilled labor force, emigration, etc. The task of the government is to keep the unemployment rate low. This is achieved by taking various measures: creating new jobs, updating the education system to meet modern labor market conditions, creating favorable conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, etc. – people explore various possible measures in their unemployment essays. We compiled some great unemployment essay samples for you to check out if you're having trouble with your essay. Reading samples of other people’s essays on unemployment is an efficient way to study the subject through other people’s opinions.

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How to Write an Expository Essay | Structure, Tips & Examples

Published on July 14, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

“Expository” means “intended to explain or describe something.” An expository essay provides a clear, focused explanation of a particular topic, process, or set of ideas. It doesn’t set out to prove a point, just to give a balanced view of its subject matter.

Expository essays are usually short assignments intended to test your composition skills or your understanding of a subject. They tend to involve less research and original arguments than argumentative essays .

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Table of contents

When should you write an expository essay, how to approach an expository essay, introducing your essay, writing the body paragraphs, concluding your essay, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about expository essays.

In school and university, you might have to write expository essays as in-class exercises, exam questions, or coursework assignments.

Sometimes it won’t be directly stated that the assignment is an expository essay, but there are certain keywords that imply expository writing is required. Consider the prompts below.

The word “explain” here is the clue: An essay responding to this prompt should provide an explanation of this historical process—not necessarily an original argument about it.

Sometimes you’ll be asked to define a particular term or concept. This means more than just copying down the dictionary definition; you’ll be expected to explore different ideas surrounding the term, as this prompt emphasizes.

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An expository essay should take an objective approach: It isn’t about your personal opinions or experiences. Instead, your goal is to provide an informative and balanced explanation of your topic. Avoid using the first or second person (“I” or “you”).

The structure of your expository essay will vary according to the scope of your assignment and the demands of your topic. It’s worthwhile to plan out your structure before you start, using an essay outline .

A common structure for a short expository essay consists of five paragraphs: An introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

Like all essays, an expository essay begins with an introduction . This serves to hook the reader’s interest, briefly introduce your topic, and provide a thesis statement summarizing what you’re going to say about it.

Hover over different parts of the example below to see how a typical introduction works.

In many ways, the invention of the printing press marked the end of the Middle Ages. The medieval period in Europe is often remembered as a time of intellectual and political stagnation. Prior to the Renaissance, the average person had very limited access to books and was unlikely to be literate. The invention of the printing press in the 15th century allowed for much less restricted circulation of information in Europe, paving the way for the Reformation.

The body of your essay is where you cover your topic in depth. It often consists of three paragraphs, but may be more for a longer essay. This is where you present the details of the process, idea or topic you’re explaining.

It’s important to make sure each paragraph covers its own clearly defined topic, introduced with a topic sentence . Different topics (all related to the overall subject matter of the essay) should be presented in a logical order, with clear transitions between paragraphs.

Hover over different parts of the example paragraph below to see how a body paragraph is constructed.

The invention of the printing press in 1440 changed this situation dramatically. Johannes Gutenberg, who had worked as a goldsmith, used his knowledge of metals in the design of the press. He made his type from an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony, whose durability allowed for the reliable production of high-quality books. This new technology allowed texts to be reproduced and disseminated on a much larger scale than was previously possible. The Gutenberg Bible appeared in the 1450s, and a large number of printing presses sprang up across the continent in the following decades. Gutenberg’s invention rapidly transformed cultural production in Europe; among other things, it would lead to the Protestant Reformation.

The conclusion of an expository essay serves to summarize the topic under discussion. It should not present any new information or evidence, but should instead focus on reinforcing the points made so far. Essentially, your conclusion is there to round off the essay in an engaging way.

Hover over different parts of the example below to see how a conclusion works.

The invention of the printing press was important not only in terms of its immediate cultural and economic effects, but also in terms of its major impact on politics and religion across Europe. In the century following the invention of the printing press, the relatively stationary intellectual atmosphere of the Middle Ages gave way to the social upheavals of the Reformation and the Renaissance. A single technological innovation had contributed to the total reshaping of the continent.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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An expository essay is a broad form that varies in length according to the scope of the assignment.

Expository essays are often assigned as a writing exercise or as part of an exam, in which case a five-paragraph essay of around 800 words may be appropriate.

You’ll usually be given guidelines regarding length; if you’re not sure, ask.

An expository essay is a common assignment in high-school and university composition classes. It might be assigned as coursework, in class, or as part of an exam.

Sometimes you might not be told explicitly to write an expository essay. Look out for prompts containing keywords like “explain” and “define.” An expository essay is usually the right response to these prompts.

An argumentative essay tends to be a longer essay involving independent research, and aims to make an original argument about a topic. Its thesis statement makes a contentious claim that must be supported in an objective, evidence-based way.

An expository essay also aims to be objective, but it doesn’t have to make an original argument. Rather, it aims to explain something (e.g., a process or idea) in a clear, concise way. Expository essays are often shorter assignments and rely less on research.

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Expository Essay on Unemployment

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The problem of unemployment is a global reality. Even developed countries like the U.S., England, France, Germany, Italy, etc., also suffer from this problem, but it is most prevalent in India.

It has become a threat to India’s economic and social development. It is one of the significant causes of poverty, backlog, crime, and frustration. India is the second-largest country after China in terms of population and labor. But due to severe unemployment, this tool is not being used. There are skilled and determined hands, but there is no job-ready, and they are forced to stay idle.

The ever-increasing number of job seekers in the live registry exchange shows how alarming this has been in recent years. But this gives a negative impression of the problem because all job seekers and unemployed do not find themselves enrolled in employment agencies. In addition, there are no employment negotiations in rural and rural areas of the country.

There are millions of young men and women who are looking for work. This chronic unemployment problem is not limited to any category, segment, or community. There is a massive shortage of jobs for educated, well-trained, and skilled people, among the unskilled and unskilled workers, small and medium farmers, and workers. Then there is the inefficiency. Sadly, creative jobs have failed to keep pace with the growing number of job seekers. It is a problem that poses a significant challenge to our leaders, intellectuals, planners, economists, industrialists, and academics.

In remote areas, cities and towns, the problem is even more significant, with thousands of workers and farm workers without a piece of land on their own. Most of our farmers also have minimal assets. As a result, they remain inactive for many months of the year. This has resulted in a mass exodus of people from cities and towns. Because of this chronic unemployment, the majority of our people live below the poverty line. The unemployment problem has also led to many other serious issues, such as extremism and terrorism. We must not forget that the idle mind is the work of the devil. Many young people are involved in crime, violence, anti-social behavior, terrorism, and extremism because of the frustrations of long-term unemployment and the lack of decent work.

Causes of Unemployment

A frustrated or unemployed man or woman can show that he or she is a hazardous person. He will never allow others to live in peace. Many of our legal and organizational problems are directly related to the problem of youth unemployment. If not managed properly, these will explode into dangerous and anti-social activities. Therefore, it is necessary for the hour when young people are adequately employed, and their strengths, skills, and abilities are used for productive and nation-building activities. If this problem is solved, many more problems will be solved automatically. In a world of democracy and social justice such as ours, unemployment is a significant threat, largely eradicated through effective labor planning and job creation on a large scale. If the increase in our workforce cannot be reduced, your demand must be increased sufficiently by appropriate short-term and long-term planning in both public and private companies.

There are many apparent reasons to be overlooked, in this case. Rapid population growth, a faulty education system, slow industrial development, neglect of small industries, and the backlog of our agriculture, etc., are some of the major causes of the problem. Improper planning of long-term and short-term employees is another factor that contributes to the problem. A few other factors have contributed to the worsening of the situation, but they are not as severe as those listed above.

Our education system needs to be reviewed and adapted to our current needs. As factories, our universities, colleges, and schools are still producing a good harvest of graduates who are only qualified for white office jobs. These graduates are only eligible for clerks, assistants, officers, and officers sitting at tables in offices. These matriculants, graduates, and graduates are adding to the growing unemployed list. These educated but unemployed youths, numbering in the millions, are a source of great anxiety and worry. Our education should be focused on work. It should be so that it enables one to be independent rather than dependent on others. It is paradoxical that our highly educated and highly trained workers, such as engineers, doctors, scientists, etc., run government jobs. They are unwilling to start their forums, laboratories, industries, and businesses.

Instead of facing challenges and creating decent work through self-employment, our educated young men and women are wasting their time by pursuing routine and easy-to-follow government jobs. They rely heavily on the government and do not have the courage and motivation to stand on their own two feet. Emphasis should be placed on vocational education. There should be more technical centers and training centers. Informal and informal admissions to colleges and universities should be considered. Higher education should be reserved only for those who are genuinely qualified.

It is genuinely shocking that our Five Year Programs continue to increase the number of unemployed people. This is because our editors have failed to take a positive, long-term view of the issue. Due to poor planning and mistreatment of workers, some jobs do not have a sufficient number of right hands, and on the other hand, there are thousands and thousands of hands without proper jobs.

This has resulted in our talented people fleeing for greener pastures in other countries. Our staff planning should be objective analysis, facts and statistics, and other relevant factors. Our negative priorities, planning, and policies have created a dangerous gap and holes in our various employment programs. Due to the lack of proper staffing programs, graduates and graduates in various fields are forced to find jobs that have been completely removed from their education, training, and training.

The rapid growth of our people is one of the major causes of this problem. Every minute there is an increase of 40 or more people in our already uncontrollable number. As a result, job creation is not in line with the rapidly growing population. Apart from the lack of jobs for educated young men and women, there are also uneducated workers. Every year more than four million people are in the labor market. Unemployment in rural areas is increasing, putting a lot of pressure on land and cottage industries.

The ever-increasing trend in the domestic and artisan industries has exacerbated the situation. The indiscriminate expansion of educational institutions in colleges and higher education is a waste of the country’s resources. Our education must be reorganized entirely and work-oriented. We need technical education rather than free education. Education should teach one to be independent, not depend on the government for work.

Our industries are also lagging, which makes the situation worse. We have invested heavily in state-owned enterprises with low employment opportunities, ignoring small and rural industries. Non-selective automation and computer performance have also contributed to the worst-case scenario. Any industrial growth should be linked to the immediate needs of the community. Without this in mind, any employee planning can be effective and efficient. The emphasis should be on proper planning and the use of our greatest strengths. We must look for human solutions based on our fundamental truths instead of doubt. There should be maximum use of our industrial power, but it should only be based on these principles.

Recently, there has been much talk about making ”the right to work” one of the fundamental rights, but no material has emerged so far. Moreover, it does not seem to be working in a country like India with a large population and declining natural resources.

To alleviate the problem of unemployment and unemployment in the districts, an ongoing recruitment program called Jawaharlal Rodger Yolanda was introduced in 1989. More than 440 lakhs of families living in poverty benefited from it. Such schemes are needed to create beneficial jobs in organized nations, organized structures, and other backlogs and communities in rural areas of the country. Only then will our development efforts and industries achieve the desired results.

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Expository Essay: Unemployed and Employed Students

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Introduction

The rising rates of unemployment among fresh graduates has elicited debate among policymakers, scholars, and students. Those supporting benefits of working students feel that such students can cushion their expenses while finding time to attend classes. On the other hand, opponents of working students empirically argue that such students fail to meet the minimum contact hours in classes. Focusing on these debates, this paper offers expository analyses to compare and contrast students who work and the unemployed students; ascertaining who benefits the most.

The difference

The central focus of the debate is whether there is a correlation between working students and those that are not working. However, the difference between the working and unemployed students is the geographical location. The unemployed students are geographically located far from their campuses or schools making it hard to balance between their studies and work. On the other hand, unemployed resides within the compound making it easy to plan their activities, attend the needed lectures and handle assignments within the required time.

The second difference between the two is that the employed gain valuable experience the employees need while they are in school. Currently, unemployment continues to be a microeconomic challenge and securing a job as a student will give one a competitive advantage (McDonald 95). When unemployed students complete their studies, they may struggle to compete for the same job with a classmate who has had a few years working experience. One factor of employment is economic progression. Therefore, the employed will have advanced their economic status ahead of the unemployed.

The third difference between the unemployed and the working students is that the unemployed students will lack in professional connections as they will be focusing their energi es in school. Bowen and Aldrich (36) argue that fresh graduates who have not had professional connections will find it extremely difficult to establish valuable contacts or recommendations for an interview or job openings. Com par ing this situation with the working students, the latter will have gathered several professional contacts as they were still schooling and these contacts will be a starting point for their next job or employment.

The similarity

Expository studies have established that working students and unemployed have a similar level of motivation towards classwork. Focusing on students in the United States of America, Bowen and Aldrich (36) found that the two categories of students will set an academic goal and strive to achieve the goal hoping that academic excellence will be linked to successful life. As the two classes of students will be starting their educations, they will have intrinsic motivation and eagerness attaching their successes to possible future compensation. In both cases, they accept challenges of the process working hard on their course processes.

This essay finds that both the working and unemployed students have th e sam e level of motivation to succeeds in their school activities. Financial compensation is the driving force that motivates the two levels of learners. On the other hand, the paper establishes that unemployment is a critical factor among students and that securing the needed skills, knowledge, and professional contact will be an essential factor for future job security. The employed students, therefore, have the competitive advantage over the unemployed when bridging employment gaps in the market.

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Unemployment Essay

500+ words essay on unemployment.

Unemployment is a serious problem among young people. There are thousands of people who do not have any work to do and cannot find work for themselves. Unemployment refers to the situation where a person wants to work but cannot find employment in the labour market. One of the major reasons that contribute to unemployment is the large population of India and the limited availability of resources. In this essay on unemployment, we will discuss all these issues responsible for unemployment in India and how we can overcome this problem. Students must go through this unemployment essay to get ideas on how to write an effective essay on the topic related to unemployment. Also, they can practice more CBSE essays on different topics to boost their writing skills.

Unemployment is measured by the unemployment rate, defined as the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. The unemployment rate for the year 2013-14 in rural India was 4.7%, whereas it was 5.5% for urban India. In the short term, unemployment significantly reduces a person’s income and, in the long term, it reduces their ability to save for retirement and other goals. Unemployment is a loss of valuable productive resources to the economy. The impact of job loss in rural and regional areas flows through the local community, damaging businesses.

Reason for Unemployment

An unemployed person is one who is an active member of the labour force and is seeking work but is unable to find any work for himself. There are multiple reasons behind the unemployment of a person. One of them is the slow economic growth, due to which jobs in adequate numbers are not created. Excessive dependence on agriculture and slow growth of non-farm activities also limit employment generation. Unemployment in urban areas is mainly the result of substantial rural migration to urban areas. This has also resulted in a labour workforce in cities. The lack of technology and proper machinery has also contributed to unemployment.

The present educational system is based on theoretical knowledge instead of practical work. Thus, it lacks the development of aptitude and technical qualifications required for various types of work among job seekers. This has created a mismatch between the need and availability of relevant skills and training. This results in unemployment, especially among the youth and educated people with high degrees and qualifications. Apart from it, the lack of investment and infrastructure has led to inadequate employment opportunities in different sectors.

Steps to Eliminate Unemployment

Various strategies and proposals have been implemented to generate employment. Many Employment programmes and policies have been introduced and undertaken to boost self-employment and help unemployed people engage in public works. The Government of India has taken several policy measures to fight the problem of unemployment. Some of the measures are the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), National Skill Development Mission, Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs).

Despite the measures taken by the government, India remains a country experiencing severe unemployment problems. It can be resolved by imparting education in such a way that youth get the necessary skills so as to get employment easily. Setting up various vocational training and vocational courses for undergraduate and postgraduate students will help in finding employment for youth. The government needs to emphasise these courses at the primary level and make them a compulsory part of the curriculum to make students proficient in their early stages of life. Career counselling should be provided within schools and colleges so that students can choose a better career option based on their interests and ability. Government should create more job opportunities for the youth and graduates.

India is a fast-growing economy. There is an enormous scope for improvement in the unemployment sector. The various measures and steps taken by the government to increase the employment rate have succeeded to a great extent. The widespread skill development programmes have gained popularity across the nation. With better enforcement of the strategies, the employment level can be significantly improved. Although, we have to go a long way before we can say that all the people in India will get employment.

We hope this essay on unemployment must have helped students in boosting their essay-writing skills. Keep learning and visiting the BYJU’S website for more study material.

Frequently Asked Questions on Unemployment Essay

Is unemployment still an existing problem in india.

Yes, unemployment is still a serious issue in our country. Steps need to be taken by the government and also by the youngsters in India to improve this situation.

Is it necessary for schoolchildren to be informed about unemployment?

Students at this young age should definitely be informed about this topic as it will motivate them to study and aim for higher scores in exams.

What points are to be added to an essay topic on Unemployment?

Add details about different age groups of people suffering from this state of employment. You can focus on the fact that poverty is an indirect reason for unemployment and vice-versa. Then, suggest steps that can be taken to bring about an improvement in education and increase the percentage of literacy.

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Home — Essay Samples — Economics — Political Economy — Unemployment

Essays on Unemployment

How to write an unemployment essay.

So, you've got this essay assignment on unemployment? Don't sweat it; we've got your back! To kick things off, let's take a look at a few sample prompts to help you get a grip on what you're dealing with:

Prompt 1: "Discuss the causes and consequences of youth unemployment in the 21st century."

Prompt 2: "Analyze the impact of technological advancements on job opportunities and unemployment rates."

Prompt 3: "Examine the role of government policies in reducing unemployment rates."

2. Picking the Perfect Unemployment Essay Topic

Now that you've got the prompts down, let's dive into choosing the right topic for your essay. Here are some points to consider:

• Passion: Pick a topic that genuinely interests you. It will make the research and writing process much more enjoyable.
• Relevance: Ensure your topic aligns with the prompt and the goals of your assignment.
• Uniqueness: Avoid common and overdone topics. You want to stand out, not blend in.
• Availability of Resources: Make sure there's enough information available for research.

3. 20 Unique Unemployment Essay Topics

Alright, you've nailed the prompts, and you know what to consider while choosing a topic. But just in case you need some inspiration, here's a list of 20 unique unemployment essay topics to get your creative juices flowing:

• Impact of the gig economy on unemployment rates
• The correlation between education and employment
• Unemployment and mental health: A hidden crisis
• Automation: A friend or foe in the job market?
• Gender disparities in unemployment
• Global economic downturns and their effects on joblessness
• The role of entrepreneurship in reducing unemployment
• Unemployment among veterans: Challenges and solutions
• Effects of COVID-19 on unemployment and job security
• The future of remote work and its impact on employment
• Youth unemployment in developing countries
• Unemployment and its relation to inflation
• Job outsourcing: A blessing or a curse?
• The psychology of job loss and coping mechanisms
• Structural vs. cyclical unemployment: Understanding the difference
• The gig economy and its impact on job stability
• The role of vocational training in reducing unemployment
• Immigration and its influence on unemployment rates
• Unemployment in the arts and creative industries
• The future of work: Challenges and opportunities

4. Crafting Inspiring Paragraphs and Phrases

Now that you've chosen your topic, it's time to get down to writing. Here are some sample paragraphs and phrases that can serve as inspiration for your unemployment essay:

Introduction: "In a world constantly shaped by economic forces, the specter of unemployment looms large, affecting individuals, families, and entire communities. Understanding the intricate web of factors contributing to joblessness is essential in devising effective solutions."

Body Paragraph: "The advent of artificial intelligence and automation has revolutionized industries, leading to both job creation and obsolescence. While some argue that these technological advancements offer opportunities for growth, others fear the displacement of traditional jobs."

Conclusion: "In conclusion, addressing unemployment requires a multifaceted approach that includes education reform, government policies, and fostering a culture of entrepreneurship. Only through collective efforts can we hope to mitigate the challenges posed by joblessness."

Understanding Unemployment: Types, Causes, and Solutions

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Unemployed Youth - The Nation’s Biggest Concern

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The Strategies to Reduce Youth Unemployment

The isuue of unemployment in turkey, unemployment as direct consequence of an increase in price floors, a neoclassical perspective of the level of unemployment in china, babban gona and our big problems, the issue of unemployment and inflation in colombia, non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (nairu), government spending/ keynesian model, economics instability increases the unemployment rate in malaysia, the problem of african american unemployment in us, the impact of technology on employment: the future of job, the undirect impact of technology on employment, impact of technology on jobs: unemployment and technological change, exploring the effects of unemployment in south africa, the issue of youth unemployment in south africa, unemployment in america: history and contemporary challenges, the controversy of equilibrium unemployment, reasons for unemployment, relevant topics.

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What Can Be Done to Solve the Unemployment Puzzle in Jamaica

In Jamaica today, the rate of youth unemployment is very distressing. Statistics indicate that 39% of the youth are jobless. Clearly, this is a significant loss of valuable labour in its prime. For so many years, unemployment has been a complicated puzzle that not even the government has been able to solve. It’s the main reason why the rate of crimes in the streets is always high. Violence, drugs, and prostitution have become the order of the day in the beautiful Caribbean country. The good news, though, is that something can be done to unravel the riddle.

The first solution comes in the form of apprenticeship. One reason why most youths are unemployed is that they don’t have the skills to get into trading activities. In apprenticeships, the youths, especially the uneducated ones, are trained in vocational disciplines. In this case, the few employers and investors who have businesses in Jamaica are encouraged to train youths in their line of trade – until they get the necessary skills to start their own trade and train others as well.

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Essay on “Unemployment in Pakistan” for CSS, PMS, and All Judiciary Examinations

• August 10, 2021
• Essay for CSS PMS and Judiciary Exam

This is an essay on “Unemployment in Pakistan” for CSS, PMS, and All Judiciary examinations. Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure of the health of the economy. The most frequent measure of unemployment is the unemployment rate, which is the number of unemployed people divided by the number of people in the labor force. So here is a complete essay on the topic of Unemployment in Pakistan for CSS, PMS, and All other Judiciary Examinations.

Essay on “Unemployment in Pakistan”

Unemployment is one of the biggest problems of Pakistan . That person is unemployed who has the ability to do work and is willing to do work but is unable to get job opportunities. In the current situation, more than 30 lakh people are unemployed in Pakistan and the unemployment ratio is more than 12%.

The biggest reason for unemployment in Pakistan is concerned with the backwardness of the agriculture sector. Agriculture is the biggest sector of our economy that contributes 20.9% to GDP and 44% of people get jobs from this sector directly or indirectly. Unemployment in this sector is from two sides.

Unemployment is defined as “a condition in which an individual is not in a state of remunerative occupation despite his desire to do so.”

Types of unemployment

• Seasonal unemployment
• Agricultural unemployment
• Frictional and technological unemployment
• Industrial unemployment
• Cyclical unemployment
• Educational unemployment
• Voluntary unemployment
• Involuntary unemployment or under-employment

Lord Keynes uses the concept of involuntary unemployment for under-employment. It refers to a condition in which the self-employed working people are not working to their full capacity. People who are partially employed, or are doing inferior jobs while they could do better jobs are not adequately employed. It can be called a state of “under-employment”.

CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT

The causes of unemployment are as follow:

• The policy of “laissez-faire” or free trade pursued by the British did not accelerate the process of industrialization in the sub-continent. As a result, employment opportunities could not be generated on a large scale.
• The unchecked growth of the population posed the problems of finding job opportunities.
• The decline of traditional skills and the decay of small-scale and cottage industries led to great pressure on land and this, in turn, resulted in the greater exodus of people from the rural to the urban areas. This added to urban unemployment
•  The low level of investment and the neglect of the industrial sector could not help the process of creating job opportunities.
•  Age factor fixes limitations on the range of choice of job opportunities. Too young and too old people are not eligible for many of the jobs.
• Many of our young people do not have a proper understanding of their own aptitudes, abilities, and interests on the one hand, and the tasks or jobs or career they want to pursue, on the other: If willing to do some job is not followed by the required abilities, one cannot find a job of one’s selection.
• Due to inborn or acquired disabilities or deficiencies, some remain partially employed or totally unemployed throughout their life. Illness induced by industrial conditions and the fatal accidents that often take place during work may render a few other people unemployed.
• The population in Pakistan is growing at an alarming rate. All these people who are eligible to work are not getting jobs. Hence, the population explosion in Pakistan is making the problem of unemployment more and more dangerous.
• The business field is subject to ups and downs due to the operation of the trade cycle. The economic depression which we witness in the trade cycle may induce some problematic _or sick industries to be closed down compelling their employees to become unemployed.
• Technological advancement undoubtedly contributes to economic development. But unplanned and uncontrolled growth of technology may have an adverse effect on job opportunities.
• Strikes and lock-outs have become an inseparable aspect of the industrial world today. Trade unions which are found in each and every industrial unit organize strikes, protests, processions, public protest meetings, placing, before the management a list of labor demands. In order to suppress labor strikes, managements often declare lockouts.
• Some of our young men add women are not prepared to undertake jobs that are considered to be socially “degrading” or “indecent” for Example.
• Our system of education which appears like a remnant of the British colonial rule in Pakistan has its own irreparable defects and its contribution to the problem of unemployment can hardly be exaggerated.
• Occupational mobility and geographic mobility on the part of the workers have increased the gravity of the problem of unemployment.

EFFECTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT

• The problem of unemployment is a serious one and it leads to a number of consequences. The evil of unemployment may be discussed under four broad heads personal disorganization, family disorganization, social disorganization, and irreparable financial losses. Unemployment is not only a societal problem it is also an individual problem. An unemployed person loses self-respect and faces a discouraging and disappointing outlook.
• Unemployment causes physical hardships and mental agony not only to the individual of the employable age but also to his family members. If the breadwinner of the family loses the job, the entire family suffers. In the absence of regular income, the family has to fall back upon its little savings, and when that is exhausted it has to resort to borrowings.
• Unemployment, if not checked or controlled, may ultimately prepare the way for social disorganization. Due to unemployment, people fail to live up to the expectations of society. Some of them may even resort to anti-social activities. It tempts or provokes them to resort to begging, indulging in criminal activities, falling prey to gambling, drug addiction, drunkenness, etc.
• Unemployment causes incalculable economic losses. Since unemployed persons become parasites in society they pose a big economic burden. The failure to provide jobs to those who have the willingness and the potential to work inevitably brings down economic production. Low production would cause low per capita income.

REMEDIAL MEASURES AND SUGGESTIONS

• The problem of unemployment is growing day by day in Pakistan. It is becoming more and more complex also. Such a complex problem will have to be tackled in a planned manner. No single solution can be an effective remedy for this problem. A multi-pronged attempt is needed to face it in an effective manner. It is possible only with the combined efforts of the government and the public. The growing population in Pakistan is a major cause of many socio-economic problems. Our population is growing on an average at the rate of 2.9% per year. We are adding every thousand of mouth to eat. Job opportunities are not increasing at the same rate to accommodate the growing population. Hence the population growth has to be checked. Family planning program has to be made more popular and other suitable steps are to be taken to minimize or neutralize its growth.
• The main solution for the problem lies in achieving substantial economic development. This can be materialized, only if attention is paid equally to agriculture and industry.
• The employment opportunities in the agricultural sector may be increased through the construction of major and minor irrigation projects, expansion and development of plantations, intensive agriculture, and horticulture. Unutilized land may be brought under cultivation.
• The development of forest and fisheries and encouragement of animal husbandry (dairy farming, poultry, piggery, etc.) is also a major step in the direction of improving agricultural production.
• In the Pakistani context, cottage and household industries which are often associated with agriculture, play a vital role in the development of the economy.
• Commercial crops can make agricultural tasks economically, attractive. Commercial crops such as areca, coffee, tea, pepper, ginger, cardamom, cashew, tobacco, groundnut, vegetables, and fruits, etc.. can bring good income to the farmers. Due encouragement is to be given to the farmers to grow such commercial crops
• Depending upon the local needs and feasibility new agricultural programs and projects are to be launched so that the young people of the area get new opportunities to use their talents and energy for the developmental programs.
• Planned development of industries is essential for creating more and more job opportunities. Development of industries may include (a) large-scale industries. (b) small scale industries and (c)village and cottage industries including handicrafts. A proper balance should be maintained between agricultural growth and industrial development so that industry would not destroy handicrafts and household industries.
• Education has much to do with employment and unemployment. Our education is not much job-oriented, it is degree-oriented. It caters more to urban needs rather than to rural requirements. It has not completely come out of the British colonial bias. Hence, it has failed to create an army of self-reliant, self-dignified young men and women.

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