essay questions for entrepreneurship

179 Entrepreneurship Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on entrepreneurship, ✍️ entrepreneurship essay topics for college, 👍 good entrepreneurship research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot entrepreneurship ideas to write about, 🎓 most interesting entrepreneurship research titles, ❓ entrepreneurship essay questions.

• Entrepreneurial Ventures and Exploration of Entrepreneurial Mindset
• Education Is Not the Most Important Thing in Business Success
• Becoming an Entrepreneur
• Starting a Small Business
• How to Starting a New Business
• Entrepreneurship. Running a Small Business
• Corporate Entrepreneurship: Theories and Models
• Entrepreneurship: Activities and Typology Entrepreneurship plays an essential role in the growth of the global economy. The government must take measures regarding the promotion of entrepreneurs.
• Relationship Between Entrepreneurship and Innovation Entrepreneurship and innovation are complementary of each other. Having an updated entrepreneurial perspective in business is critical for reaching the aim of innovation.
• Entrepreneurship in the Hotel Industry With proper strategies put in place especially bearing in mind the pace at which the hotel industry is gaining speed, then there definitely is a room for setting up a successful hotel.
• Elon Musk’s Entrepreneurial Performance This report focuses on Elon Musk as an entrepreneur of choice to explore how luck accounts for entrepreneurial performance.
• Amusement Park Concept and Opportunity Analysis The report presents an opportunity analysis for an entrepreneurial concept of an amusement theme park based on the historical, mythical city of Cibola.
• Alan Sugar’s Entrepreneur Characteristics The paper discusses Alan Sugar’s entrepreneurship characteristics: innovation, ability to network, and successes or failures within the lenses of entrepreneurship.
• Entrepreneurship in the Travel and Tourism Industry The entrepreneurship process entails the ideation and implementation of a novel or unique version or way of performing an existing process or system.
• Sole Proprietorship: Benefits of This Business Structure The sole proprietorship is the best business structure for a start. Its advantages are ease of organization and low organizational costs.
• How to Start a Catering Business The catering business is a good way to make money for those who love to cook since catering is not always about making lunch for hundreds of guests.
• Entrepreneurship Skills: Inborn or Gained? Although entrepreneurial skills can be developed through diverse training, education, courses, and seminars, some people are more predisposed to being businessmen.
• Creativity and Innovation Analysis The study explores the innovation as a key driving force of entrepreneurship and the creativity as a key for an individual to innovate.
• Entrepreneurial Mindset and Its Characteristics The key components of the entrepreneurial mindset are often representative of traits and characteristics that are helpful in team building and conflict resolution.
• Personal Success Factors in the Business World The modern business world is characterized by the increased level of rivalry and sophistication of relations between its representatives.
• Social Entrepreneurship Analysis The paper will discuss the area of work of several experts that promote and support social enterprises, their experience in the field, and reflective thoughts on their journey.
• Milton Hershey as the Most Admirable Entrepreneur Although Milton Hershey had a low level of education and skills, he used the failures as a learning experience and as a foundation for the next entrepreneurial venture.
• Financial Projections for Entrepreneurship in Food Industry Running a restaurant, especially in the area known for its high competition rates among the local food production companies, particularly, the fast food industries, is not an easy task.
• Entrepreneurship: Elon Musk as a Role Model The field of entrepreneurship is an individual sphere with unique approaches and a wide range of concepts and practices that define and explain related trends.
• Gender and Entrepreneurship Relations This paper analyzes how different factors affect both men and women in deciding to become entrepreneurs. Marital status is a significant factor for entrepreneurial women.
• Principles of Innovation and Entrepreneurship A business incubator connotes a group that is informally or formally organized to provide entrepreneurial ventures with the resources regarded as critical in their journey.
• Impact of Smartphones on Work-Life Balance The use of smartphones has a negative impact on the work-life balance as employees are forced to respond to messages or calls after the end of the working day.
• Entrepreneurship: Case of Oprah Winfrey In this essay, the concept of entrepreneurship is discussed and the case of Tim Fung is used to use the theoretical terms and understand why he succeeded.
• Moderna Company’s Entrepreneurial Climate Moderna entered the pharmaceutical industry at a competitive and fluctuating time due to socioeconomic factors, evolving industry standards and practices, and policy alterations.
• Fashion Industry Analysis: Interview With J. Jamshed In future Junaid Jamshed plans to expand its business internationally, and opening more opportunities for young entrepreneurs, providing training through workshops.
• Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation The paper reviews the module on new venture creation. Almost every aspect that is required of an entrepreneur is covered in this module and also mentioned in the paper.
• Social Entrepreneurship Initiatives Change the World From housing access and food inequality to climate change, social entrepreneurship initiatives embark on a journey to facilitate the struggle of the people.
• Heidi Roizen’s Career, Work Principles and Habits Heidi Roizen managed to make use of her experience and networks at each of the following stages of her professional path.
• “Entrepreneur” Magazine: The Latest Issue The main number of topics in the latest issue of “Entrepreneur” touches on the pandemic as one of the determining factors affecting the conventions of business in 2021.
• The Slime Business In this essay, the focus will be on the motivations for setting up the slime business with further discussion of the possible issues arising in a start-up phase.
• China’s International Entrepreneurship & Business China represents a unique country geographically isolated from the rest of the world. Historically, it follows its own economic and political traditions and way of life.
• How to Start a Startup The most important prerequisite that a person seeking success in the business world should gain way before even considering to open his or her own business is the entrepreneurial mindset.
• Entrepreneurship: Business Start-Ups Starting a business is a risk an entrepreneur must be willing to take. The growth of any enterprise often follows a predictable pattern.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Leadership Styles Social entrepreneurship is a unique phenomenon aimed at addressing social issues that influence the lives of individuals.
• Significance of Entrepreneurial Personality There is a large number of personality traits, such as proactivity, emotional resilience, and innovativeness, that could be beneficial for entrepreneurship.
• Entrepreneurship: From Startups to SMEs The success of startups depends on entrepreneurs’ ability to consider all aspects of business performance without ignoring the benefits of corporate social responsibility.
• Internet Selling of Items of Crafts Business Currently, there is an emergence of the concept of entrepreneurship within the business environment. This requires that the potential investors have to scan the environment.
• The Nature and Importance of Entrepreneurs Some of the common denominators on entrepreneurship include the need to achieve, planning, and moderate risk-taking.
• The Process of Becoming an Entrepreneur The entrepreneurship process is when a person identifies an opportunity and develops it to help him generate some profit. It is important to follow four steps in the process.
• Social Enterprises as a New Form of Business The paper analyzes the concept of social enterprises, investigates their novelty, observes their options for making business inclusive, and examines possible drawbacks.
• Business Start-Up Challenges and Niche Marketing Business challenges refer to factors that make it hard for entrepreneurs to launch their new businesses successfully.
• Importance of Intellectual Property for Entrepreneurship Intellectual property is a crucial aspect of the enterprise activity, protecting its processes, ideas, and inventions to maintain competitiveness.
• Entrepreneurship on Mark Zuckerberg’s Example Zuckerberg’s abilities, personality traits, and passions helped him achieve success. Entrepreneurship can be stimulated by family background via supporting an idea.
• Multifunctional Mug for Travelers as an Entrepreneurial Idea This entrepreneurial idea consists in creating a multifunctional mug for travelers that combines the functions of the organizer for cosmetics and the several-layer cup functions.
• A Grocery Delivery Business The main aim of running a business is to make a profit. Proper management of a business is essential in ensuring that a profit is realized in the long run.
• Small and Medium Enterprises in the UK Business Environment The small and medium-sized enterprises in the UK have been of great benefit to the citizens and the country as a whole.
• British Social Enterprises’ Success and Challenges This paper identifies some of the challenges that hinder the success of social enterprises on examples of three UK-based and develops possible solutions to these challenges.
• Entrepreneurship: Innovation, Failure, Culture Entrepreneurial failure refers to the discontinuation or exit from a business which includes a closure for any reason or change in ownership, bankruptcy, and persistent losses.
• Application of Schumpeter’s Innovative Entrepreneurship Theory The aim of the project lies in assessing the application of J. Schumpeter’s innovative entrepreneurship theory in the activities of Ooredoo, the leading telecom company in Qatar.
• Present-Day Entrepreneurs and Their Environment Entrepreneurs drive the economy and foster further technological progress, thus increasing people’s quality of life.
• Five Model of Entrepreneurship: Hurdless and Recommendations The five models of entrepreneurship outline a multidisciplinary explanation of factors that enable the establishment of new ventures.
• Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management Designers are seen as using an iterative process that moves from generating insights about end users, to idea generation and testing, to implementation”.
• Publicly vs. Privately-Owned Enterprises The purpose of this paper is to compare the pros and cons of public and private companies and analyze why certain large organizations chose one form of property over the other.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Democracy The article explores the integral role of social entrepreneurship in democratic societies, particularly in pre-democratic or emerging democracy contexts.
• The Rejection of the Personality Approach to Entrepreneurship This essay will examine the three reasons for the rejection of the personality approach to entrepreneurship, supporting the analysis with the trait theory of entrepreneurship.
• Entrepreneurship: Relationship Marketing One of the most difficult and expensive tasks that any business owner faces is finding new customers or retaining old ones.
• Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Entrepreneurial Opportunities for Graduates The classic expression of entrepreneurship is the raw start-up company, an innovative idea that develops into a high-growth company.
• Mayo Clinic: Entrepreneurship Reflection Patient experiences within this organization are quite memorable. Upon entering Mayo Clinic, one receives a warm welcome and directions on how best to utilize their services.
• Entrepreneurship Culture and Entrepreneurship Climate Analysis Entrepreneurship climate largely determines how an organization is revitalized from time to time. New ideas need to be incorporated into the management of organizations.
• Entrepreneur’s Harvest Goals and Their Achievement This paper discusses the concept or option of harvest goals, their benefits and the options available in pursuing the goal.
• St. George Bank: Human Resources and Entrepreneurship St. George Bank should also come up with new methods to access their customers and also new channels on which the customers can get their services.
• Business Idea vs. Opportunity Comparison An opportunity is differentiated from an idea in terms of its marketing possibilities. All opportunities are exploitable for business growth.
• Business Planning Process for Entrepreneurs A business plan is a written description of the future of a business. It is a tool for entrepreneurs to implement their business goals.
• ‘Ziegfeld: The Man Who Invented Show Business’ by Mordden The book ‘Ziegfeld: The Man Who Invented Show Business’ is written by Ethan Mordden and is entirely about the inventor of the show business Mr. Florenz Ziegfeld.
• Family Business: Entrepreneurial Challenges and Financing This paper gives a detailed discussion of the entrepreneurial challenges that emerging or new family businesses face. It also identifies the major sources of funds for such ventures.
• Entrepreneurship and Human Capital Management This paper debates on the relevance of the definition of entrepreneurship by looking at the characteristics and qualities an individual needs to become a successful entrepreneur.
• Human Capital Management in Entrepreneurship This report provides an overview of the management of human capital and entrepreneurship in contemporary business institutions.
• Wu Yajun’s and Steve Jobs’s Entrepreneurial Acumen Entrepreneurship is the process of establishing a business for effective service delivery and for profit making.
• Encouraging Entrepreneurship in Corporate Settings The key strategies to encourage entrepreneurship in corporate settings are commercial factors. Such factors are economic aspects associated with the desire to increase incomes.
• Entrepreneurship Abilities and Predisposition The paper proves that entrepreneurship skills can be fostered in virtually anyone, which means that anyone can be an entrepreneur.
• Aspects of Non-Traditional Entrepreneurship The paper reveals the conceptual material concerning non-traditional entrepreneurship. It incorporates non-traditional forms into the standard theoretical framework.
• Eco-Entrepreneurship and Theoretical Framework Successful eco-entrepreneurship is characterized by the ability to address the conditions of the Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity framework.
• Social Entrepreneurship: Key Aspects Social entrepreneurship has as its goal the development of organizations for the achievement of social good and not for personal gain.
• Eco-Entrepreneurship Characteristics and Psychology The paper states that considering eco-entrepreneurship in the solar industry, it is necessary to understand the current global situation.
• Immigration Entrepreneurship and Economic Development Despite strong opposition from various nations, research indicates that immigration regulations should be less enforced due to the overall positive effect on the economy.
• A Path to Creating Steve Jobs Business Steve Jobs has become a symbol of everything advanced in the field of IT and an example of a person who built a sizeable profitable business from scratch.
• Decision-Making and Performance in Business Decision-making goes hand in hand with performance in the business, as the performance of the business is determined by the decision-making of the entrepreneur.
• Aligning Entrepreneurial Orientation and Behavior The dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation align with the nature of the industry since there is a relationship between the decision-making styles and the behavior of managers.
• Brazilian Business From Personal Experience In this paper, the author recognizes and analyzes one of the most important problems of doing business in Brazil, which is the lack of success stories.
• Corporate Entrepreneurship and Small Business Corporate entrepreneurship refers to the adoption of a strategy that encourages employees to be innovative by proposing and introducing new methods of operations.
• Sole Proprietorship in the United States Since a sole proprietor in the United States is not legally considered a legal entity, the tax liability is limited only to a standard personal declaration.
• Experiential Learning of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Studying entrepreneurship in higher education shows that one must employ experiential knowledge and go through the process called “learning by doing”.
• Entrepreneurial Networking and Relationship Capital In modern business, entrepreneurial networking and relationship capital have already attracted particular attention. This work aims to examine the importance of these concepts.
• Entrepreneurship in Third-World Countries Countries with low incomes, such as those that belong to the third world, do not benefit from globalization. This negatively influences the country’s potential for innovation.
• Researching of Strategic Innovation It is possible to advise technical process automation in a circumstance where incremental innovation or change is a preferable approach.
• Incubating Technology-Based Firms: Innovation Ambidexterity The formation of innovation policy is the most important condition for developing the foundations of sustainable development of incubating technology-based firms.
• Entrepreneurship: A Fixed State of Existence or a Role Concerning entrepreneurship as a role, one may remember how Mark Zuckerberg has turned from a former student to a person of the year, a successful Internet entrepreneur.
• An Innovative Entity’s Key Components J. Tidd & J. R. Bessant suggested seven key components of an innovative entity, three of which are addressed in this essay.
• An Entrepreneur’s Leadership Role Management style is a unique way through which organization leaders go about accomplishing the set objectives of the business firm.
• How Identity Can Influence One’s Business Performance Personal identity can be a defining factor for business goals and objectives and tie it back to a broader society.
• Entrepreneurship and Sustainability: Building Innovation in construction is an important aspect that helps not only optimize individual approaches to planning but also carry out bold and creative projects.
• Regulations of Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs have a strong need for formal regulation, but a healthy balance must be maintained in order for the regulative process not to interfere with the SMEs’ working processes.
• Learning Entrepreneurship in Examples There are numerous examples of successful people who learned entrepreneurship and significantly benefited from it.
• The Possibility of Bankruptcy in Entrepreneurship The possibility of bankruptcy evokes significant concerns in entrepreneurs regardless of their experience in the field and position in the market.
• Financial Literacy and Self-Awareness in Entrepreneurship The paper states that financial literacy and self-awareness should become an integral component of a person’s skill set in business.
• Samantha Gerson: CEO of UnBroken Samantha Gerson is CEO of UnBroken, a non-profit organization offering legal and therapeutic services to individuals who survived institutional abuse and conversion therapy.
• Entrepreneurship and Macroeconomics To explore the topic of increased entrepreneurship as a result of the pandemic, the article by Berkan Altun will be analyzed and embedded into the context of macroeconomics study.
• The Vacant Municipal Lands and Properties: Entrepreneurial Activities This paper focuses on the types of entrepreneurial initiatives available to small towns as they seek to fill empty commercial spaces and sell or develop vacant municipal lands.
• The Best Growth Strategy for an Entrepreneurial Venture or a Small Business Opening a business and starting the work is not easy, but it is even more difficult to stay competitive in the marketplace and not become cash negative.
• An Analysis of the Company Entrepreneurs Alliance This report shall serve as an evaluation of the company Entrepreneurs Alliance (EA), which is a consortium where different types of entrepreneurial organizations come together.
• Transition from Military Service to Entrepreneurship Identifying the positive and negative traits acquired during military service is an essential aspect of studying the success of veterans in entrepreneurship.
• Intrapreneurship: Control on the Company’s Goals Intrapreneurs are self-motivated with an entrepreneurship mentality, although they are not directly affected by their losses and profits.
• Successful Entrepreneurship: Main Components In order to create a successful enterprise, it is imperative to develop the skills of strategic thinking, organizational skills and creativity.
• Innovation in International Business International business is the highest form of entrepreneurial activity, and innovation plays a vital role in the conceptual idea of gaining a competitive advantage.
• Market Designs and Entrepreneurship Innovations This essay discusses the comparison between companies that upheld the triadic approach to entrepreneurship and companies that did not use the method.
• Potential Entrepreneurial Business Venture Starting a retail and distribution consultancy business venture in the future is one of the most lucrative business ideas.
• Innovativeness Catalysts of Indian Firms First of all, innovations are promoted by knowledge and information, which have become a resource of vital importance.
• Elon Musk: Factors Impacting Successful Entrepreneurship The paper argues that vertical integration, building and exploiting innovation capital, and hiring top talent contribute to Musk’s successful entrepreneurship.
• Restaurant Business Environment and Management The document highlights the business environment with an indication of the challenges faced by the restaurant owner throughout the operation.
• Market Expansion Investigation The choice of Poland for the launching the product of Company, dog food, is reasonable, as the food industry is one of the country’s leading sectors.
• The Importance of Vision and Failures for an Entrepreneur This paper aims at discussing the importance of vision and failures for an entrepreneur and describing Elon Musk’s entrepreneurial characteristics.
• “Lifesizing Entrepreneurship“ by Robert A. Miller The article aimed to show why lifesizing in business is essential and how it can be used to counteract the decline in ethics and lead to more people benefiting from the industry.
• Power Your Business Into 2011: Paddy Power The main keynote of a seminar titled “Power your Business into 2011” was Paddy Power, the communication director of Paddy Power Bookmaker organisation.
• HE Sara Al Madani: One of the Brightest Examples of Women’s Success The current paper provides an overview of HE Sara Al Madani’s current activities and offers an in-depth insight into her views on the business domain.
• Entrepreneurship. The Fish Lady Company in Soquel The owners of The Fish Lady operate a vibrant food market in Soquel. They sell a variety of foodstuffs which include; fish, meat, poultry, cheese, and wine.
• Business Plan and All Aspects That Includes Successful Fashion Industry According to recorded research, the fashion industry keeps on evolving every decade, and it is unlikely that a particular trend will spread past one decade.
• Perpectives of the Catering Business in Bulgaria Bulgaria presents a good opportunity to operate a catering business that will provide custom-made services for them in their kitchens
• Recycling of Materials: Entrepreneurship Assignment Recycling of materials has been a very crucial part of our economic activities. It forms a part of the national income and also secures jobs for some individuals within the economy.
• Entrepreneurship: The Dale Gray Story The story of Communication Services Inc. as told by the CEO, Dale Gray, is one such of starting a successful business.
• Toward a Theory of International New Ventures The article by Zahra (2005) examines the work by Oviatt and McDougall (1994) as a milestone work in the history of international entrepreneurship theories’ development.
• What Are the Qualities That Help an Entrepreneur in Being Successful? The paper deals with qualities of an entrepreneur that are useful and make him/her successful in their endeavours and business ventures.
• Entrepreneurship and the Role of Innovation Entrepreneurship is the art of pulling together resources and business acumen as a way of transforming innovations into economically viable goods
• Family-Operated Business in Hong Kong This paper is an attempt to understand a typical family-run unit and the circumstances by which they remain as such.
• Entrepreneurship. Money in the Resource Equation Money is the least important part of the resource equation because starting a new business requires an entrepreneur’s ability to take risks.
• Venture Founders Prepare for the Due Diligence and Evaluation This paper is a review of due diligence that should be practiced in the creation of a new venture. It will also look at how investors evaluate a start-up venture.
• Small Business Administration Loan Guarantee The Small Business Administration (SBA) is a principal federal agency involved in import and export promotion.
• Limited Liability Company and Other Ownership Forms This paper discusses the main peculiarities of different business entities. Much attention will also be paid to the positive aspects of a limited liability company.
• The Next Big Thing Simulation for Entrepreneurs The Next Big Thing might seem a simple fun game, yet it also sheds light on some of the most challenging business tasks, which is a choice of a possible investment.
• Legal Frameworks for Starting Own Business Given the scale of the business and the limited previous experience of the partners, the most suitable legal framework for a shop is a private limited company.
• Entrepreneurial Capability of Students and Business Development Student has shown his entrepreneurial capability at the rising stage of his career through an initiative of starting a part-time home forwarding job.
• Entrepreneur Notebook: The Entrepreneurial Process, Strategy, and Problem Solving Discovering your creative problem solving is one of the most essential skills that an entrepreneur should possess.
• Women Entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia In Saudi Arabia, the number of business women is approximated at around 23,000 women. This is a small figure compared with the number of men who operate businesses in this country.
• Small Business Administration and Management A small business is any business that has less than 500 employees. Also, it is not a dominant player in that specific industry on a national basis.
• Managing Human Capital and Entrepreneurship This paper is a critical analysis of the characteristics and qualities that individuals require in order to become successful entrepreneurs.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Future Ventures: ENVIE v. ACTIF Social capital is critical in the creation of skills and future careers. In every society, there are gaps that result from the development of different community structures.
• Business Models, Lean Startup and Entrepreneurship The role of business models in lean startups is not as crucial as in traditional ones. Lean startups focus on finding the right business model by testing the existing hypotheses.
• Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Concepts Nowadays, it remains evident that the business world tends to evolve, and its growth is accompanied by an extended variety of concepts and their development.
• Building an Innovation Ecosystem Most of the new entrepreneurs overlook the importance of culture of innovation and entrepreneurial spirit. The surrounding environment should have enough self-confidence.
• Entrepreneurs: Business Life and Success in Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurs create businesses that offer products, processes, and services for hire and/or sale in a free market.
• Six Sigma for the Quality Program Improvement Being an addition to the structure of the quality management process, the philosophy of Six Sigma has established itself rather successfully in the specified environment.
• Enterprise Resource Planning System Integration Enterprise Resource Planning or ERP is a generic term, a byproduct of an industry that gave rise to integrated and multi-modules application software packages.
• Exploration of Leadership and Entrepreneurship Fields Whereas the fields of leadership and entrepreneurship have their differences, there is much they have in common, and they depend on each other based on the experiences they share.
• Bankruptcy Law and Entrepreneurship The aim of this paper is to investigate how areas of bankruptcy law influence business decisions, determine the most impactful principles of the law, and explore the common fears related to the law.
• Buffalo Re Use as a Social Entrepreneurship Endeavour Social entrepreneurship is an innovative process that responds to market failures by use of transformations so as to provide solutions to social problems.
• What Are the Features of Entrepreneurial Ventures?
• Is Network Marketing Entrepreneurship?
• Can Lack of Experience Cause Entrepreneurship Failure?
• What Are the Challenges of Entrepreneurship?
• What Ethical Issues Do Entrepreneurs Face?
• Why Does Entrepreneurship Fail to Solve Poverty in Developing Countries?
• What Makes an Entrepreneur Successful?
• What Are the Driving Forces Influencing the Entrepreneurial Trend in the Economy?
• What Elements Does the Entrepreneurial Process Include?
• What Are Risks of Entrepreneurship?
• How Does the Firm Create a Supportive Climate for Entrepreneurship?
• How Does Entrepreneurship Support Cultural Diversity?
• What Are the Myths of Entrepreneurship?
• How Can You Maximize Profits in Entrepreneurship?
• Can Entrepreneurs Without Prepared Business Plans Get a Loan?
• What Are the Incentives for Entrepreneurship?
• Can a Thorough Business Plan Guarantee Entrepreneurial Success?
• How Does Entrepreneurship Differ From Business?
• What Is the Importance of Creativity in Entrepreneurship?
• How to Avoid Mistakes in Entrepreneurship?
• Can Entrepreneurship Provide an Alternative Career Path for Minorities in the United States?
• What Is Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Are the Types of Entrepreneurship?
• What Is the Relationship Between Entrepreneurship and Supply and Demand?
• What Is the Effect of Monetary Policy on Entrepreneurship?
• Can a Businessman Be an Entrepreneur?
• Is Entrepreneurship Essential for Economic Growth?
• What Are Benefits of Entrepreneurship?
• Why Large Established Companies Support Entrepreneurship?
• What Are Psychological Factors That Influence Entrepreneurship Development?

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These essay examples and topics on Entrepreneurship were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on January 8, 2024 .

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Essay Samples on Entrepreneurship

What is entrepreneurship in your own words.

What is entrepreneurship in your own words? To me, entrepreneurship is the art of turning imagination into reality, the courage to chart unexplored territories, and the commitment to leave a lasting mark on the world. It's a journey of boundless creativity, relentless innovation, and unwavering...

• Entrepreneurship

What is Entrepreneurship: Unveiling the Essence

What is entrepreneurship? This seemingly straightforward question encapsulates a world of innovation, risk-taking, and enterprise. Entrepreneurship is not merely a business concept; it's a mindset, a journey, and a force that drives economic growth and societal progress. In this essay, we delve into the multifaceted...

Social Entrepreneurship: Harnessing Innovation

Social entrepreneurship is a transformative approach that merges business principles with social consciousness to address pressing societal challenges. This unique form of entrepreneurship goes beyond profit-seeking and focuses on generating innovative solutions that create positive change in communities. In this essay, we explore the concept...

Evolution of Entrepreneurship: Economic Progress

Evolution of entrepreneurship is a fascinating journey that mirrors the changes in society, economy, and technology throughout history. From humble beginnings as small-scale trade to the modern era of startups, innovation hubs, and global business networks, entrepreneurship has continuously adapted to the dynamic landscape. This...

Importance of Entrepreneurship: Economic Growth and Societal Transformation

Importance of entrepreneurship transcends its role as a mere business activity; it stands as a driving force behind innovation, economic growth, and societal transformation. Entrepreneurship fosters the creation of new products, services, and industries, while also generating employment opportunities and catalyzing economic development. This essay...

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Entrepreneurship as a Career: Navigating the Path of Innovation

Entrepreneurship as a career is a compelling journey that offers individuals the opportunity to create their own path, shape their destiny, and contribute to the economy through innovation. While the road to entrepreneurship is laden with challenges and uncertainties, it is also marked by the...

Corporate Entrepreneurship: Fostering Innovation

Corporate entrepreneurship represents a strategic approach that empowers established organizations to embrace innovation, take calculated risks, and explore new opportunities. In an ever-evolving business landscape, the concept of corporate entrepreneurship has gained prominence as companies seek to maintain their competitive edge and adapt to changing...

Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurs: Innovation and Success

Challenges faced by entrepreneurs are a testament to the intricate journey of turning visionary ideas into tangible realities. While entrepreneurship is often associated with innovation and opportunity, it's also characterized by a multitude of hurdles and obstacles that test an entrepreneur's resilience and determination. In...

300 Words About Entrepreneurship: Navigating Innovation and Opportunity

About entrepreneurship is a dynamic journey that involves the pursuit of innovation, creation, and the realization of opportunities. It is the process of identifying gaps in the market, envisioning solutions, and taking calculated risks to bring new products, services, or ventures to life. Entrepreneurs are...

Best topics on Entrepreneurship

1. What is Entrepreneurship in Your Own Words

2. What is Entrepreneurship: Unveiling the Essence

3. Social Entrepreneurship: Harnessing Innovation

4. Evolution of Entrepreneurship: Economic Progress

5. Importance of Entrepreneurship: Economic Growth and Societal Transformation

6. Entrepreneurship as a Career: Navigating the Path of Innovation

7. Corporate Entrepreneurship: Fostering Innovation

8. Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurs: Innovation and Success

9. 300 Words About Entrepreneurship: Navigating Innovation and Opportunity

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Home » Essay » Essay on entrepreneurship (100, 200, 300, & 500 Words)

Essay on entrepreneurship (100, 200, 300, & 500 Words)

Essay on entrepreneurship (100 words), essay on entrepreneurship (200 words), essay on entrepreneurship (300 words), the importance of entrepreneurship.

• Economic Growth : Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in driving economic growth by creating new businesses, products, and services. It fosters competition and encourages innovation, leading to increased productivity and efficiency in the economy.
• Job Creation : Entrepreneurs are job creators. They not only create jobs for themselves but also generate employment opportunities for others. Startups and small businesses are known to be significant contributors to job creation, especially in developing economies.
• Innovation and Technology : Entrepreneurs are at the forefront of innovation and technological advancements. They constantly challenge the status quo and introduce new ideas, products, and processes, driving progress in various industries.
• Societal Development : Entrepreneurship has a positive impact on society by addressing social problems and meeting unmet needs. Social entrepreneurs focus on creating ventures that tackle issues like poverty, education, healthcare, and environmental sustainability.

Qualities of Successful Entrepreneurs

• Passion and Motivation : Successful entrepreneurs are driven by a strong passion for their ideas, products, or services. They are motivated to overcome challenges and persevere through setbacks, fueling their determination to succeed.
• Creativity and Innovation : Entrepreneurs possess a high degree of creativity and are constantly seeking new and innovative solutions. They think outside the box, challenge conventions, and find unique ways to add value to the market.
• Risk-taking and Resilience : Entrepreneurs are willing to take calculated risks and step out of their comfort zones. They understand that failure is a part of the journey and are resilient enough to bounce back from setbacks and learn from their mistakes.
• Adaptability and Flexibility : The business landscape is ever-evolving, and successful entrepreneurs are adaptable and flexible. They embrace change, pivot when necessary, and stay ahead of market trends and customer demands.
• Leadership and Vision : Entrepreneurs are visionaries who can inspire and lead their teams. They have a clear vision of what they want to achieve and possess the ability to communicate and align their goals with others, turning their vision into reality.

Key Steps in the Entrepreneurial Journey

• Identifying Opportunities : Successful entrepreneurs have a keen eye for identifying market gaps, unsolved problems, and emerging trends. They conduct thorough market research to understand customer needs and assess the viability of their ideas.
• Business Planning : Once an opportunity is identified, entrepreneurs develop a comprehensive business plan. This includes defining their target market, analyzing competitors, outlining their value proposition, and formulating a strategic roadmap.
• Securing Funding : Entrepreneurs often require financial resources to launch and grow their ventures. They explore different funding options such as bootstrapping, seeking loans, attracting investors, or crowdfunding to secure the necessary capital.
• Building a Team : Entrepreneurship is rarely a solo journey. Successful entrepreneurs build a team of skilled individuals who complement their strengths and contribute towards achieving the company’s goals. They understand the importance of delegation and collaboration.
• Execution and Iteration : Entrepreneurs turn their ideas into action by executing their plans and continuously iterating their products or services based on customer feedback. They are agile and adaptable, making changes and improvements as they learn from the market.
• Scaling and Growth : As the venture gains traction, entrepreneurs focus on scaling their operations. They explore opportunities for expansion, enter new markets, and invest in resources to support growth while maintaining a strong customer-centric approach.

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Entrepreneurship Essays (Examples)

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Entrepreneurship in usa and germany.

S. That said, the country's long history of immigrant entrepreneurialism, however tenuous the notion might be today, has left a cultural legacy as evidenced by the relatively high entrepreneurship index score given to the U.S. There are other structural factors as well. In Europe in general, there are a myriad of impediments to entrepreneurialism, including legal barriers, a consumer sector that is unventuresome about new products, stronger unions and higher levels of state intervention in the marketplace (Phelps, 2007). Phelps also outlines several cultural factors as well, such as the desire amongst workers for responsibility, interesting work or the chance to take initiative. The United States scores much higher in these metrics than does Germany. He frames these as differences in economic dynamism. There is a correlation between the level of entrepreneurship and the level of economic growth (Aernoudt, 2007). Aernoudt's findings imply that European SMEs do not have an adequate support….

Works Cited

No author. 2006. Entrepreneurship in Germany. [Online] Available at  http://www.internationalentrepreneurship.com/european%2Bentrepreneurship/germany_entrepreneur.asp?countryid=21&contid=4 

Grieco, Elizabeth. 2006. Defining Foreign-Born and Foreigner in International Migration Statistics. Migration Policy Institute. [Online] Available at  http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?ID=34 

Camarota, Steven a. 2000. Reconsidering Immigrant Entrepreneurship. Center for Immigrant Studies. [Online] Available at  http://www.cis.org/articles/1999/self-employment/index.html 

Phelps, Edmund S. 2007. Entrepreneurial Culture: Why European Economies Lag Behind the U.S. Wall Street Journal. [Online] Available at  http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110009657

Entrepreneurship and Business Growth Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship: Business Growth Business Growth: Entrepreneurship Growth is crucial for any business venture. An organization that does not prepare effectively for growth risks falling behind its competitors. In order to execute growth effectively, an organization needs to put in place a growth plan. This text examines the importance of a growth plan, its core components, and the specific strategies that an organization could use to realize growth. Entrepreneurship: Business Growth hat is a growth plan? Every entrepreneur with a successful venture will often take time to sit down and speculate about the future of their business. A growth plan is a roadmap detailing the specific strategies that an entrepreneur plans to use to take their business to the next level in a smart and disciplined way. It is meant to guide entrepreneurs and reduce their risk as they grow their business. A growth plan basically includes three core components: i) a clear picture of the….

Biederman, Rob. "7 Key Steps to a Growth Strategy that Works Immediately." The Entrepreneur Magazine, 2015. Web. Accessed at  http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/240853 

Gwin, Catherine. Sharing Knowledge: Innovations and Remaining Challenges. Washington, D.C: World Bank Publications, 2003. Print.

Schill, Nancy. Coach-in-Box Goal-setting Workbook: Target and Achieve your Goal at Work. Austin, TX: ExecIntel Solutions, 2014. Print.

Smith, Janet, Smith Lester, Smith Richard, and Bliss Richard. Entrepreneurial Finance: Strategy, Valuation and Deal Structure. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2011. Print.

Entrepreneurship in Publishing Magazine Over

This is critical, because a magazine is like any venture, it requires sufficient amounts of due diligence prior to opening. You must then, be sure that you have the right audience identified. Otherwise, you could be facing a situation, where you could be taking to general or to narrow of a focus (causing you not see a profitable return). Regardless of the type of magazine that is being published, this is the standard that is necessary to ensure long-term survival of the publication. This is significant because, understanding this weakness about any possible risks will ensure that nothing is overlooked. As a result, once the magazine is published it will be focused and capable of generating a unique following. Clearly, the publishing of an AIDS/HIV magazine can be effective at promoting those issues that are most important to this group of the population. However, like all business ventures, magazine publishing….

Bibliography

Magazine Publishing. (2010). Retrieved March 11, 2010 from NAICS website:

 http://www.naics.com/cgi-bin/n02keys2.pl

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Assessing the

What can also be seen from this analysis is that the value chain of the heavy equipment industry in general and construction, farm machinery and heavy truck manufacturing specifically rely on distribution channels to sell to contractors (Byrne, Lubowe, Blitz, 2007). Distribution Channel ecommendations The sales cycles in our region are particularly long and often require several different sources of financing for any contractor or agency to acquire heavy equipment for projects. As a result the role of distribution channels has become especially significant given the need for shared risk in the financing of the equipment and shared ownership as well in the form of lease-back arrangements. To create a more differentiated distribution strategy it is crticvally important to give empowerment in the form of advanced credit terms of heavy equipment to distributors and dealers. This approach of the manufacturer in effect becoming the financing partner with the reseller to more….

Brown, James R, Lusch, Robert F, Nicholson, Carolyn Y. (1995). Power and relationship commitment: Their impact on marketing channel member performance. Journal of Retailing, 71(4), 363

Data Monitor (2009) Construction & Farm Machinery & Heavy Trucks Industry Profile: Global. (2009, March). Construction & Farm Machinery & Heavy Trucks Industry Profile: Global DataMonitor, London, UK.

Shah, R.K.D. (1989). Strategic Planning for Power Equipment Manufacture. Long-Range Planning, 22(5), 98

David Walters, Mark Rainbird. (2007). Cooperative innovation: a value chain approach. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 20(5), 595-607.

Entrepreneurship Within the Modern Era

In general, it has seen significant changes to the infrastructure of entrepreneurship because there is now no longer a need for strong physical organizational structures or spaces. Albert Lin, of the American Technology Research Institute explains that in 2007, over 300,000 entrepreneurs will use Skype as the primary means of business communication. The freedom of mobility therefore, is one of the biggest advantages for entrepreneurial competency within the past decade. The second area of communication change has been the increased speed, efficiency and cost effectiveness of data transfer. The telecommunication industry has spent as much as 580 billion dollars within the past decade in connecting the world via fiber optic technology. As a result, the entire world is now digitized and can send and receive information at a much faster pace than in past generations. The implication for entrepreneurs is the greater freedom provided through data transfers, this new medium….

Drucker, P. Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Butterworth Heinemann, 1994.

Reinhardt, Forest. Down to Earth. Harvard Business School Press, 2000.

Timmons, Jeffrey a. New Venture Creation. 6th edition. McGraw Hill, 2003.

Entrepreneurship the Opportunity That I

Not only is it a niche product but as there is a stigma associated with the disease, asking people to buy the magazine at a grocery store or newsstand may result in people who want the magazine not wishing to do so in such a public setting. With a mail order business model, marketing would need to be aggressive. Publishing costs would be around $5 per issue (at least $2 for writing/editing alone); mailing costs $1 and the allocated fixed costs to each issue around $0.50. This requires the company to earn a minimum of $6.50 per issue at 15,000 just to break even. A cost of over $7 would be difficult to manage, as that is a point where price sensitivity increases for magazines. Revenue from sales under this scenario would be $105,000. Ad rates for 15,000 targeted consumers could be potentially decent -- around $25,000 per issue….

Entrepreneurship How Badly Owner Business Why

entrepreneurship ? How badly owner business? Why? Why ? Why time? Is entrepreneurship for me? How badly do you want to be an owner of your own business? Why? Why not? Why not at this time? An entrepreneur gets to create his or her own enterprise from the ground up. He or she gets to set the rules and policies of the company, rather than has to follow them like a company employee. If the business succeeds or fails, it is largely on the founder's shoulders. The entrepreneur gets to select a business model he or she feels passionately about, rather than simply 'punch a clock' to get a paycheck. While there is the unfortunate potential for great losses if the business fails (and many do) there is also the potential for great rewards, if the business is a success. An entrepreneur must be creative -- first to frame the business concept, and….

Entrepreneurship Traits

trait theories of entrepreneurship, we can gain a better understanding of the differences between entrepreneurship and other economic forms. Key to this understanding is examining the traits of serial entrepreneurs to see how they approach the issue of risk. When human civilization first development, most goods were produced at a subsistence level, and this was the sum total economic activity -- there was no money and no profit. Over time, advances in production techniques, especially in agriculture gave rise to surpluses, which could then be traded. The barter of agricultural surplus in ancient communities can be said to be the first entrepreneurism (Allis, 2014). More formal entrepreneurism of the type that we would recognize today, featuring the investment of capital in a small enterprise designed specifically to earn profit, would have emerged as people collected into village and towns, allowing for specialization into trades. These trades would have produced above….

Allis, R. (2014). The history of entrepreneurship. The Startup Guide. Retrieved April 26, 2014 from  http://startupguide.com/world/the-history-of-entrepreneurship/ 

Fairlie, R. & Holleran, W. (2012). Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality traits: Evidence from a random experiment. Journal of Economic Psychology. Vol. 33 (2) 366-378.

Wright, M., Robbie, K. & Ennew, C. (1997). Serial entrepreneurs. British Journal of Management. Vol. 8 (1997) 251-268.

Wright, M., Robbie, K. & Ennew, C. (1997, 2) Venture capitalists and serial entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing. Vol. 12 (3) 227-249.

Entrepreneurship-Hop Makes Amusing Use of

Gartner, on the other hand, appears to focus on his own personal and wide-spread generalizations about the personalities of people from different countries. Worst of all, some of Gartner's beliefs are easily proved wrong. For instance, consider his rhyme: And isn't it an irony, That entrepreneur is "French" in its entirety? To talk about entrepreneurship will always be, An inherently French idea as the field's reality." One would think that the French embody entrepreneurship after reading Gartner. The reality is just the opposite. From an international perspective the 8.5% rate of entrepreneurship in France is very low: the business ownership rates in Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and the United States are substantially higher: 10.9, 10.3, 10.4 and 18.2%, respectively (EIM, 2000). For whatever reasons, Gartner aims his criticism at Americans when the United States is one of the world's leaders in entrepreneurship. To say that Americans lack soul and passion in their efforts is an….

Gartner, W.B. (2008, March) Entrepreneurship-Hop. Baylor University.

EIM, 2000, COMParative entrepreneurship data for international analysis (COMPENDIA 2000.1), Zoetermeer: EIM Business and Policy Research.

Zahra, S.A. (2002, June 22). Entrepreneurship: Theory and practice. Retrieved at  http://www.allbusiness.com/management/278966-1.html

Entrepreneurship Concepts the Publication of

The harvest / exit strategy would be to: increase the overall profits as much as possible. Then, once the various products / services have increased in value you would sell these assets. The lifetime of such a venture would normally last for 10 to 20 years. Magazine Publishing Exploiting HIV / AIDS As far as a magazine is concerned, the opportunity costs would be a chance to reach and educate the public about the issue. The concept is: to effectively target these ideas towards anyone who is suffering from the virus and their family members. These groups would more than likely be interested in hearing the various ideas presented in the magazine. As far as the different resources are concerned, it is imperative that you identify: key advertisers, how distribution will take place, a publication schedule and various writers / editors that could be utilized. Implementation / growth will depend upon….

Thomas, K. (2008, January 25). Start Up Magazine Publishing Costs. Retrieved March 12, 2010 from: Suit 101

http://magazinepublishing.suite101.com/article.cfm/magazine

_start_ups_on_a_shoestring#ixzz0hjyGE5rS

Entrepreneurship

Introduction to the Entrepreneurial Opportunity My entrepreneurial idea combines two major trends in business today – inbound marketing and artificial intelligence. This section will highlight literature to support these themes as providing opportunity for entrepreneurial activity. First, inbound marketing in its current form evolved roughly with Google's Panda update, as this changed how the search giant's bots evaluated website. Prior to this update, search rewarded sites for activities like keyword stuffing, excessive internal links, and the change placed emphasis on information architecture, and creating quality content. This change heralded a new era of inbound marketing (Wainwright, 2011). Companies could no longer fake their way to the top of Google's listings; now they were rewarded for the richness of their content. This unleashed a wave of trends in marketing, including now every company needs to have blogs that contain not only material about the company and its products, but company sites are….

How Entrepreneur Training Programs can help Nations Grow Their Economies

The Effectiveness of the Current Entrepreneurship Training Programs in the Gulf Cooperation Council Educational Institutions ABSTRACT Today, the six member-states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman, are all faced with the need to improve the effectiveness of their respective entrepreneurship training programs (ETPs) in order to help young practitioners create new businesses, diversify and grow their economies. This need is especially pronounced at present given the alarming estimates concerning the looming peak oil milestone and the harsh reality that even enormous fossil fuel reserves will eventually be exhausted. Furthermore, the international marketplace is changing in fundamental ways, and countries that are able to field a generational cohort of talented and trained entrepreneurs will invariable gain and sustain a competitive advantage over those that do not. Therefore, against this backdrop, studies such as this one can help identify opportunities for improving the….

Entrepreneur Turkey Has Long Been

Finding ways to delegate authority is an important thing for entrepreneurs when they grow. hen a company is in the beginning or high growth stage of the business cycle, there comes a point when the founder must let go some control so that the business can be more professionally run. The current business model is somewhat aimless, but oriented towards high end positioning. An alternate direction is that the business can focus on becoming a volume supplier. The designer is capable of having a mainstream touch, and Turkey is a great place to follow a high-volume, low-margin business model for export. This would leverage the low cost of production and the effort that the government puts into creating export opportunities. At this point, as an unknown brand, he still has the capability to go in that direction. orks Cited: CIA orld Factbook. (2013). Turkey. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved April 29, 2013 from….

Works Cited:

CIA World Factbook. (2013). Turkey. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved April 29, 2013 from  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html 

ITKIB. (2010). Turkish textile industry. stanbul Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon "hracatc" Birlikleri Retrieved April 29, 2013 from http://www.itkib.org.tr/english/about/sectors/textile/textile_info.pdf

Saba, G. (2013). Global marketing -- Turkish textile industry and its competition power. Ege University. Retrieved April 29, 2013 from  http://www.slideshare.net/GamzeSaba/global-marketing-turkish-textile-industry-and-its-competition-power

Entrepreneur the Project Is a Website That

Entrepreneur The project is a website that compiles videos, tips, articles and other content. The site is aimed at an audience interested in a healthier lifestyle. The way of monetizing the site will be to sell advertising to health clubs, fitness professionals and others that cater to the same target market. This report will analyze this idea to test for feasibility and identify key challenges that could be present. There will be recommendations as well with respect to the future of this website. Challenges There are several challenges that this website can be expected to face. The first is with respect to the idea of being a content aggregator. This is not 1997. Content is not free. Thus, the first hurdle that we will face with this idea is acquiring content. Most high-traffic content sites have established brands and they also have identified means of acquiring content. If we are going to produce….

Perner, L. (2008). Internet marketing. Consumer Psychologist. Retrieved May 24, 2013 from  http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/intro_Internet_Marketing.html 

O'Reilly, T. (2005). What is web 2.0. Oreilly.com. Retrieved May 24, 2013 from  http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

Entrepreneur Why Can Investor Would Give Me Capital to Start a Decorating Den

Entrepreneur-Why investor would give me capital to start a decorating den? With the spiraling demand for housing, the demand for interior decoration market is also rising in tandem. Concern regarding making the home interiors beautiful and plush is high on the wish list of many home-buyers. Modern and aware customers who view popular channels on TV dedicated to interiors and subscribe to the magazines flooding the market are valuing the quality of interior decorating in an increasing manner than ever before. ising on this demand for interiors among the people is a great opportunity to take up the Franchise offer of Decorating Den. It is an investment in the future compared to other franchise offered in the market and a completely new way of life. (Opportunities in a New Economy - Message from the President) Convincing the Venture Capitalist for guaranteed profitability: By taking up the franchise, owners of Interiors by Decorating Den….

"A Beautiful Business" Retrieved from  http://www.decoratingden.com/Bbusiness.shtml  Accessed on 17 February, 2005

"Interior Views: Sample Plan" Retrieved from  http://www.paloalto.com/sampleplans/MPP6/enu/Live/InteriorViews-mpp_Live.pdf 

Accessed on 17 February, 2005

"Is the Business for you" Retrieved from  http://www.decoratingden.com/foryou.shtml  Accessed on 17 February 2005

Need suggestions for a subject for essay topics: strategic decision making, strategy, leadership, management control systems, entrepreneurship or organization change.

A paper that focuses on topics like strategic decision making, strategy, leadership, management control systems, entrepreneurship, or organization changes can take two approaches.  You can thoroughly explain one of the concepts, for example describing that strategic decision making is a method of business planning that looks at long-term goals.  The other approach is to do some sort of case study looking specifically at events to determine how one of those topics either impacted or was impacted by a company’s decision-making process.  So, the first thing you need to do is decide what type of paper....

why the us is the best country in the world

Title: Reasons Why the US is the Best Country in the World Introduction: The United States of America is widely regarded as one of the most powerful and influential countries globally. As an epitome of democracy, economic strength, innovation, and cultural diversity, several reasons make the US the best country in the world today. 1. Political Stability: The US boasts a stable political system that upholds the principles of democracy and individual liberties. Its robust system of checks and balances ensures accountability and prevents the concentration of power, making it an attractive destination for both citizens and immigrants. 2. Economic Powerhouse: The United States possesses the....

Can you provide guidance on how to outline an essay focusing on When will advancing technology make most of us unemployable? What should we do about this?

I. Introduction - Begin by presenting a thought-provoking statement or question that captures the reader's attention. - Briefly introduce the idea that advancing technology might make most of us unemployable in the future and highlight the significance of addressing this potential issue. II. Body Paragraph 1: Technological Advancements and Job Displacement - Discuss how technological advancements have historically impacted the job market. - Provide specific examples of jobs or industries that have been affected by automation and artificial intelligence. - Explain the concept of "technological unemployment" and its potential consequences for society. III. Body Paragraph 2: The Skills Gap and Education - Discuss the widening skills gap between....

Seeking guidance on crafting a debatable city life and country life thesis statement. Tips?

## Crafting a Debatable City Life vs. Country Life Thesis Statement A well-crafted thesis statement is crucial for a successful debate on the topic of city life versus country life. It should clearly express your position on the issue and provide a roadmap for your argument. Here are some tips for crafting an effective thesis statement: 1. Understand the Issue: Familiarize yourself with the topic and the different perspectives surrounding it. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of both city life and country life. 2. Define Your Position: Clearly state your stance on the debate. Are you arguing in favor of city life or....

S. That said, the country's long history of immigrant entrepreneurialism, however tenuous the notion might be today, has left a cultural legacy as evidenced by the relatively high entrepreneurship…

Sports - College

Entrepreneurship: Business Growth Business Growth: Entrepreneurship Growth is crucial for any business venture. An organization that does not prepare effectively for growth risks falling behind its competitors. In order to execute…

Research Paper

Communication - Journalism

This is critical, because a magazine is like any venture, it requires sufficient amounts of due diligence prior to opening. You must then, be sure that you have…

Business - Advertising

What can also be seen from this analysis is that the value chain of the heavy equipment industry in general and construction, farm machinery and heavy truck manufacturing…

In general, it has seen significant changes to the infrastructure of entrepreneurship because there is now no longer a need for strong physical organizational structures or spaces. Albert…

Not only is it a niche product but as there is a stigma associated with the disease, asking people to buy the magazine at a grocery store or…

entrepreneurship ? How badly owner business? Why? Why ? Why time? Is entrepreneurship for me? How badly do you want to be an owner of your own business? Why? Why…

trait theories of entrepreneurship, we can gain a better understanding of the differences between entrepreneurship and other economic forms. Key to this understanding is examining the traits of…

Research Proposal

Gartner, on the other hand, appears to focus on his own personal and wide-spread generalizations about the personalities of people from different countries. Worst of all, some of Gartner's…

The harvest / exit strategy would be to: increase the overall profits as much as possible. Then, once the various products / services have increased in value you…

Business - Small

Introduction to the Entrepreneurial Opportunity My entrepreneurial idea combines two major trends in business today – inbound marketing and artificial intelligence. This section will highlight literature to support these themes…

Business - International

The Effectiveness of the Current Entrepreneurship Training Programs in the Gulf Cooperation Council Educational Institutions ABSTRACT Today, the six member-states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United…

Business - Miscellaneous

Finding ways to delegate authority is an important thing for entrepreneurs when they grow. hen a company is in the beginning or high growth stage of the business…

Entrepreneur The project is a website that compiles videos, tips, articles and other content. The site is aimed at an audience interested in a healthier lifestyle. The way of monetizing…

Entrepreneur-Why investor would give me capital to start a decorating den? With the spiraling demand for housing, the demand for interior decoration market is also rising in tandem. Concern regarding…

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So You Want to Be an Entrepreneur?

• Emily Heyward

One founder’s advice on what you should know before you quit your day job.

Starting a business is not easy, and scaling it is even harder. You may think you’re sitting on a completely original idea, but chances are the same cultural forces that led you to your business plan are also influencing someone else. That doesn’t mean you should give up, or that you should rush to market before you’re ready. It’s not about who’s first, it’s about who does it best, and best these days is the business that delivers the most value to the consumer. Consumers have more power and choice than ever before, and they’re going to choose and stick with the companies who are clearly on their side. How will you make their lives easier, more pleasant, more meaningful? How will you go out of your way for them at every turn? When considering your competitive advantage, start with the needs of the people you’re ultimately there to serve. If you have a genuine connection to your idea, and you’re solving a real problem in a way that adds more value to people’s lives, you’re well on your way.

When I graduated from college in 2001, I didn’t have a single friend whose plan was to start his or her own business. Med school, law school, finance, consulting: these were the coveted jobs, the clear paths laid out before us. I took a job in advertising, which was seen as much more rebellious than the reality. I worked in advertising for a few years, and learned an incredible amount about how brands get built and communicated. But I grew restless and bored, tasked with coming up with new campaigns for old and broken products that lacked relevance, unable to influence the products themselves. During that time, I was lucky to have an amazing boss who explained a simple principle that fundamentally altered my path. What she told me was that stress is not about how much you have on your plate; it’s about how much control you have over the outcomes. Suddenly I realized why every Sunday night I was overcome with a feeling of dread. It wasn’t because I had too much going on at work. It was because I had too little power to effect change.

• EH Emily Heyward is the author of Obsessed: Building a Brand People Love from Day One (Portfolio; June 9, 2020). She is the co-founder and chief brand officer at Red Antler, a full-service brand company based in Brooklyn. Emily was named among the Most Important Entrepreneurs of the Decade by Inc.  magazine, and has also been recognized as a Top Female Founder by Inc. and one of Entrepreneur’s Most Powerful Women of 2019.

Partner Center

Essay on Entrepreneurship

Introduction

Entrepreneurship is a term that is widely applicable in the world of business. There are different definitions of the term entrepreneurship. The first definition identifies entrepreneurship as the process of creating a new business, with a view of making profits while bearing in mind all the risks that are involved. Different scholars have had their opinions about the description of the term entrepreneurship, including Stevenson, a renown expert in the topic. He defined entrepreneurship as the pursuit of opportunity beyond resources controlled. His definition is still widely applied by many in the world of business (Venkataraman, 2019). The second definition is linked to one Frank Knight, who defined it as the bearing of uncertainty and responsibility for risks within the financial market. Joseph Schumpeter also contributed significantly by defining entrepreneurship as the creation of new things in search of profits. Schumpeter also asserts that the role of creating new things is not only left to companies and other businesses but also individuals who make efforts in the area. The researcher introduced the concept of creative destruction to mean creation and invention of a new idea in the market that calls for the demise of the existing competitor. For instance, the emergence of Smartphones killed use traditional means of communication, such as telephone boots and regular use of letters. As such, Joseph Schumpeter contributed significantly as the term creative destruction is universal in the marketing. Marketing is a lucrative field that requires creativity for one to make an impact in the market. Fourth is Israel Kirzner who defined entrepreneurship as the process that led to discovery. It is important to note that most of the definitions by various scholars share a familiar concept, risk-taking and opportunity exploration.

A venture is considered as a small business that is started by one individual or groups with a view of gaining financially. The profits from the investment benefit all the backers of that particular project or business. There are many different ventures that an individual can offer to invest in. An enterprise should aim to make a financial gain to the individual or group that invested. The risk-taking tendency by entrepreneurs and the idea of profit making coincides with the typology of entrepreneurship. Examples of entrepreneurship ventures that many can get into include gazelle, microenterprise, small/lifestyle and medium enterprises.

A gazelle enterprise is a business venture that experiences rapid growth annually for period of over four years. Revenues of such an enterprise increase yearly by over 20% and must have a base capital of at least $100,000. Such companies experience high sales growth rates regardless of their size. However, most of such business ventures operate on the lower end of the scale. Company growth can be measured by the turnover or the number of employees working for the enterprise.

The second entrepreneurial venture is a microenterprise that employs a small number of people, usually less than 10. Microenterprises are started by small amounts of capital and they specialize in providing goods and services within its locality. All microenterprises venture into simple product lines and operate on small scale. Microenterprises contribute largely to the economy as they create employment. Business owners in such ventures enjoy small profits, which they use to improve their standards of living. As such, microenterprises agree to the typology of entrepreneurship by making profits for those who invest.

Small or lifestyle enterprises are business ventures started with aim of sustaining or maintaining a certain level of income. Such enterprises aim at sustaining a certain level of lifestyle for the entrepreneur. They employ a small number of people and maintain certain level of assets for owners. Lifestyle enterprises play a key role in employing people at the same time maintains a particular lifestyle for the owner, thereby, complying with the typology of entrepreneurship.

Medium size enterprises employ between 50 and 500 employees depending on the legislation in that specific nation. Such enterprises have a specified value of assets and in the UK, they have less than 250 employees. In the year 2013, there were over 5.2 million medium sized businesses, which comprised of over 99% of enterprises in the country. The aim of medium business enterprises is to make profit like any other entrepreneurial venture. As such, medium sized business enterprises agree to the typology of entrepreneurship.

According to Wennekers and Thurik (1999), a Schumpeterian entrepreneur is one who aims at capitalizing on the existing entrepreneurial abilities to make profits. In other words, a Schumpeterian entrepreneur will assess the current businesses that are operating and think of better services to people. The Schumpeter concept is Austrian. Existing product and service lines in the market require improvements for better service delivery (Wennekers & Thurik, 1999). A Schumpeter entrepreneur is an individual who capitalizes on such opportunities with a view of providing better services while making profits. An intrepreneur is a person who works for a particular organization and identifies better ways to improve quality and service delivery to customers. Innovative product development and marketing is the role of a manager working for that specific organization. As such, the manager is referred to as an entrepreneur. Managerial business owner is an individual who invests in a venture and entirely owns the business. Administrative business owners are not responsible for innovation and creative destruction in the market as these remains the work of managerial entrepreneurs. The main difference between the three terms described is that an administrative business owner is responsible for financing the venture while the rest work for the owner to ensure innovation and product development. A similarity known among the three types of entrepreneurs is the fact that they all aim to make profits for the owner of the business.

Miles & Snow (2009) classified organizations into four types, including prospector, defender, analytical and follower businesses. A prospector implies an organization that has difficulties in locating and exploiting a new product in the market. Such ventures require constant examination of the continually changing business world to succeed. The element of unpredictability makes a continuous check-up of the market a necessity to establish strategic production. According to the two researchers, prospector organizations have comprehensive product and service lines. Production in such cases prefers to promote creativity to efficiency. Defender organizations are defined as those entities that cannot survive in unstable environments (Miles, Miles, Snow, Blomqvist & Rocha, 2009). Their worry is how to maintain their current market share hence the need for them to operate in a relatively stable business environment. Cost leadership and specialization in a specific product line can well help solve the problem. Analyzer organizations refer to those that have both prospector and defender organization characteristics. They face a challenge of establishing in new markets and at the same have a problem of maintaining their current market share. Follower organizations refer to organizations that do not make long-term plans for business but instead ensure that managers study the dynamic world fast enough to cope with the changes.

Steve Blank in 2010 asserts that there are four types of entrepreneurs, namely small business owners, scalable, large business owners and large entrepreneurs. Small business owners face known risks in the market as they venture into product lines and services that are already known. A scalable business idea digs into the existing opportunity and turns it into a larger business through the expansion of its business activities. The aim of setting up such business entities is to take over the existing market and turn it out to make huge profits. On the other hand, a large business is an entity that has over 5000 employees or has a high financial turnover of over 1.5 billion Euros in a year (Blank, 2010). Any venture that does not feature any of the two characteristics or both of them cannot be termed as a large business. Social entrepreneurship involves start-up companies raising funds to solve cultural, social and environmental problems.

The data presented is indicative of the importance of having small businesses and startups within the economy. The data is extracted from the office of national statistics in the United Kingdom. Moreover, the data presented include information regarding micro-businesses and small businesses contribution to the economy of the region that they operate. For instance, from the year 2010 to 2017, the country has been registering an increasing trend indicating that such businesses play a crucial role. On employment, micro-business ventures employed over 4,618,315 people in 2010, and by 2017 (“Employment – ONS”, 2019), the number of those depending on such businesses rose to 5,491,009. On the other hand, small businesses employed over 3,785, 801 people in the year 2010 to a whopping 4,450, 716 by 2017. As such, micro and small businesses within the economy play a key role in ensuring increased employment opportunities as indicated by statistics from the national office in the UK.

Another vital aspect presented in the data provided is the turnover involved annually in the event of operating such businesses. Like the data on employment, the turnover for both micro and small businesses has been fluctuating from the year 2010. It is also critical to note from the data that in some years, the turnover reduced instead of increasing. For instance, in 2010 the turnover for both micro and small businesses was 589,871,148 and 549,139,326 billions of Euros, respectively. In the following year 2011, the turnover reduced to 552,345,550 and 508,579,840, respectively. However, the figures have increased as of 2017 to 791,771,342 and 616,807,735 respectively. The growth in the turnover of micro and small businesses is a clear indication that they contribute positively to the growth of the economy in the United Kingdom.

In terms of inventory and general count, micro and other small businesses have significantly contributed and have seen an expansion. This is indicated by the data provided as the numbers have changed from 2010 to 2017. In the year 2010, micro-businesses had a count of 1,861,590, which increased to 2,386, 740 by 2017. Additionally, small businesses increased their count from 196, 520 in the year 2010 to a whopping 231, 715 in the year 2017. The graphs provided indicates the trend that has been experienced in the economy in regards to micro and other small businesses. Such ventures are contributing positively to the economy of the United Kingdom.

Small businesses and start-ups play a crucial role in the growth of the social economy. Social economy comprises a diversity of enterprises and organizations sharing common values and features. Such may include cooperatives, mutuals, associations, foundations, paritarian institutions and social enterprises who value social objectives over capital. The first and most important role that the businesses play is the creation of employment (Burns, 2016). For instance, in the United States in the year 2015, small businesses and startups created over 1.9 million jobs. There are over 30.2 million small businesses in the United States who employ approximately 58 million people. As such, small businesses contribute primarily to the growth of the economy by creating jobs.

Second, small scale businesses and start-ups contribute by ensuring that the GDP of the country grows. Social economy contributes to the overall GDP sum and its growth projects more taxes to be paid. A small business thriving locally will have more to give as taxes to the local government and hence a contribution to the GDP. Such money can be used locally to develop infrastructure within the community. As such, small businesses play a vital role in ensuring that the well-being of the community improves in the long run.

Small businesses quickly adjust to changes in the economic environment and act as a cushion to the local economy in cases where large businesses have failed. This is because in cases of unpredictability in the market, small business owners are customer-oriented and can flex quickly to suit the needs of the market. Large businesses have few options in case of a similar predicament and may not help the local economy as anticipated. As such, all small businesses around the world contribute positively to the growth of the social economy as their interest is not capital-driven.

Blank, S. (2010). What’s A Startup? First Principles.  Steve Blank .

Burns, P. (2016).  Entrepreneurship and small business . Palgrave Macmillan Limited.

Employment – ONS. (2019). Retrieved 23 July 2019, from https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105164129/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/taxonomy/index.html?nscl=Employment

Miles, R. E., Miles, G., Snow, C. C., Blomqvist, K., & Rocha, H. (2009). The I-form organization.  California Management Review ,  51 (4), 61-76.

Venkataraman, S. (2019). The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research. In  Seminal Ideas for the Next Twenty-Five Years of Advances  (pp. 5-20). Emerald Publishing Limited.

Wennekers, S., & Thurik, R. (1999). Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth.  Small business economics ,  13 (1), 27-56.

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MBA Essay Advice for Entrepreneurs

Business schools have always prepared students to launch and manage their own businesses. But over the last decade, the number of courses, centers and contests dedicated exclusively to entrepreneurship has mushroomed.  When it comes to the MBA application, though, many entrepreneurs feel unsure of the best way to convey their unconventional background. If that sounds familiar, check out this MBA essay advice for entrepreneurs recently shared by Mark Skoskiewicz in Business Because .

Skoskiewicz received his MBA from Kellogg School of Management , and is the founder of test prep company  MyGuru . He thinks applicants should focus on including four specific things in their applications.

Show How B-School will Fill in the Gaps

Many entrepreneurs have failed at getting their business idea off the ground because they didn’t have the tools in their arsenal that they would have learned at business school.

B-school has become the safe place to test out your most creative, outrageous and ambitious ideas without the pressure and fear of failure. It also offers students the chance to refine their business models to nail it next time out in the real world, when the stakes are much higher.

“Your admissions essays should demonstrate that you see the value of building a well-rounded intellectual toolkit to help you build your business,” Skoskiewicz writes. “If there are clearly particular skills or concepts you know you’ll need but which your background lacks, highlighting these specific gaps will create a powerful story.”

Convince the Adcom of Your Thirst for Experiential Learning

These days, top business schools place a lot of emphasis on experiential learning.  This hands-on approach to learning undoubtedly benefits those with an entrepreneurial spirit. It also aids generalists who enjoy working in groups and want to learn how to get things done. Unlike the lecture and case method approach, experiential learning encourages students to learn by doing.

“Most MBA programs encourage this type of learning, and you’ll be well served to highlight your interest in learning in this way as part of your rationale for wanting to get an MBA,” he advises.

Don’t Get Bogged Down With One Very Specific Entrepreneurial Idea

“Business school can be a powerful platform for articulating ideas to others and getting feedback. So, I think talking about the actual ideas you have and about how you’ll test them in school is a great strategy. But spending too much time talking about a specific idea becomes dangerous,” Skoskiewicz  counsels.

“Admissions committees are interested in understanding how an MBA fits into your career plans and what you’ll bring to the community. You shouldn’t waste too much time describing details of specific ideas. This takes space away from describing the ways in which MBA school will help you pursue the idea,” he adds.

An SBC Client Case Study

When Miles came to work with SBC, he had already gone through two admissions cycles with nothing but dings.  His prior applications had completely left out his entrepreneurial venture because he did not feel comfortable describing a business that brought in just a couple thousand dollars a month.

While his venture had not grown significantly, it was a legitimate company with employees, partners, customers, a website and more. In fact, in launching and developing his business, Miles showed a lot of initiative, focus, creativity, vision and drive.  He told a great story about how his interest in the business developed. He also discussed many of the challenges he had encountered and overcome along the way.  While the business was growing slowly, it  was  growing, and he was learning a ton.

Ultimately, the fact that he still needed business training was clear through his story and tied very nicely with why he needed an MBA.

His new application presented a very focused picture of an unconventional person quite ready for business school. Miles had a lot to learn from and contribute to an MBA program.

Show You Can be a Team Player

Entrepreneurial success requires teamwork and strong business relationships.  Your network of classmates can advise on various areas. Plus, seasoned professors can weigh in on business dilemmas as you build a plan. In fact, good relationships with your professors can translate into a lifelong pipeline of talent connecting graduates with current MBA students.

“Business school is certainly a good place to network with people who share an interest in building companies,” says Skoskiewicz.  “Talking about networking and team-building as a rationale for wanting to pursue entrepreneurship while in an MBA program makes sense.”

So heed this MBA essay advice for entrepreneurs. If you do, you’ll stand a good chance of persuading the admissions committee to take a closer look at you.

You can read more of Skoskiewicz’s MBA essay advice for entrepreneurs  here .

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1.1: Chapter 1 – Introduction to Entrepreneurship

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• Page ID 21253

• Lee A. Swanson
• University of Saskatchewan

Whilst there is no universally accepted definition of entrepreneurship, it is fair to say that it is multi-dimensional. It involves analyzing people and their actions together with the ways in which they interact with their environments, be these social, economic, or political, and the institutional, policy, and legal frameworks that help define and legitimize human activities. – Blackburn (2011, p. xiii)

Entrepreneurship involves such a range of activities and levels of analysis that no single definition is definitive. – Lichtenstein (2011, p. 472)

It is complex, chaotic, and lacks any notion of linearity. As educators, we have the responsibility to develop our students’ discovery, reasoning, and implementation skills so they may excel in highly uncertain environments. – Neck and Greene (2011, p. 55)

Learning Objectives

• Examine the challenges associated with defining the concepts of entrepreneur and entrepreneurship
• Discuss how the evolution of entrepreneurship thought has influenced how we view the concept of entrepreneurship today
• Discuss how the list of basic questions in entrepreneurship research can be expanded to include research inquiries that are important in today’s world
• Discuss how the concepts of entrepreneurial uniqueness, entrepreneurial personality traits, and entrepreneurial cognitions can help society improve its support for entrepreneurship
• Apply the general venturing script to the study of entrepreneurship

This chapter provides you with an overview of entrepreneurship and of the language of entrepreneurship. The challenges associated with defining entrepreneur and entrepreneurship are explored, as is an overview of how entrepreneurship can be studied.

The objective is to enable you to apply current concepts in entrepreneurship to the evaluation of entrepreneurs, their ventures, and the venturing environment. You will develop skills, including the capability to add value in the new venture sector of the economy. You will acquire and practice evaluation skills useful in consulting, advising, and making new venture decisions.

Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship

Considerations influencing definitions of entrepreneur and entrepreneurship.

It is necessary to be able to determine exactly who entrepreneurs are before we can, among other things, study them, count them, provide special loans for them, and calculate how and how much they contribute to our economy.

• Does someone need to start a business from scratch to be called an entrepreneur?
• Can we call someone an entrepreneur if they bought an ongoing business from someone else or took over the operations of a family business from their parents?
• If someone starts a small business and never needs to hire employees, can they be called an entrepreneur?
• If someone buys a business but hires professional managers to run it so they don’t have to be involved in the operations, are they an entrepreneur?
• Is someone an entrepreneur if they buy into a franchise so they can follow a well-established formula for running the operation?
• Is someone an entrepreneur because of what they do or because of how they think?
• Can someone be an entrepreneur without owning their own business?
• Can a person be an entrepreneur because of the nature of the work that they do within a large corporation?

It is also necessary to fully understand what we mean by entrepreneurship before we can study the concept.

Gartner (1990) identified 90 attributes that showed up in definitions of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship provided by entrepreneurs and other experts in the field. The following are a few of these attributes:

• Innovation – Does a person need to be innovative to be considered an entrepreneur? Can an activity be considered to be entrepreneurial if it is not innovative?
• Activities – What activities does a person need to do to be considered an entrepreneur?
• Creation of a new business – Does someone need to start a new business to be considered to be an entrepreneur, or can someone who buys a business, buys into a franchise, or takes over an existing family business be considered an entrepreneur?
• Starts an innovative venture within an established organization – Can someone who works within an existing organization that they don’t own be considered an entrepreneur if they start an innovative venture for their organization?
• Creation of a not-for-profit business – Can a venture be considered to be entrepreneurial if it is a not-for-profit, or should only for-profit businesses be considered entrepreneurial?

After identifying the 90 attributes, Gartner (1990) went back to the entrepreneurs and other experts for help in clustering the attributes into themes that would help summarize what people concerned with entrepreneurship thought about the concept. He ended up with the following eight entrepreneurship themes:

1. The Entrepreneur – The entrepreneur theme is the idea that entrepreneurship involves individuals with unique personality characteristics and abilities (e.g., risk-taking, locus of control, autonomy, perseverance, commitment, vision, creativity). Almost 50% of the respondents rated these characteristics as not important to a definition of entrepreneurship (Gartner, 1990, p. 21, 24).

• “The question that needs to be addressed is: Does entrepreneurship involve entrepreneurs (individuals with unique characteristics)?” (Gartner, 1990, p. 25).

2. Innovation – The innovation theme is characterized as doing something new as an idea, product, service, market, or technology in a new or established organization. The innovation theme suggests that innovation is not limited to new ventures, but recognized as something which older and/or larger organizations may undertake as well (Gartner, 1990, p. 25). Some of the experts Gartner questioned believed that it was important to include innovation in definitions of entrepreneurship and others did not think it was as important.

• “Does entrepreneurship involve innovation?” (Gartner, 1990, p. 25).

3. Organization Creation – The organization creation theme describes the behaviors involved in creating organizations. This theme described acquiring and integrating resource attributes (e.g., Brings resources to bear, integrates opportunities with resources, mobilizes resources, gathers resources) and attributes that described creating organizations (new venture development and the creation of a business that adds value). (Gartner, 1990, p. 25)

• “Does entrepreneurship involve resource acquisition and integration (new venture creation activities)?” (Gartner, 1990, p. 25)

4. Creating Value – This theme articulated the idea that entrepreneurship creates value. The attributes in this factor indicated that value creation might be represented by transforming a business, creating a new business growing a business, creating wealth, or destroying the status quo.

• “Does entrepreneurship involve creating value?” (Gartner, 1990, p. 25).

5. Profit or Nonprofit

• “Does entrepreneurship involve profit-making organizations only” (Gartner, 1990, p. 25)?
• Should a focus on growth be a characteristic of entrepreneurship?

7. Uniqueness – This theme suggested that entrepreneurship must involve uniqueness. Uniqueness was characterized by attributes such as a special way of thinking, a vision of accomplishment, ability to see situations in terms of unmet needs, and creates a unique combination.

• “Does entrepreneurship involve uniqueness?” (Gartner, 1990, p. 26).

8. The Owner-Manager – Some of the respondents questioned by Gartner (1990) did not believe that small mom-and-pop types of businesses should be considered to be entrepreneurial. Some respondents felt that an important element of a definition of entrepreneurship was that a venture be owner-managed.

• To be entrepreneurial, does a venture need to be owner-managed?

Examples of Definitions of Entrepreneur

An entrepreneur can be described as “one who creates a new business in the face of risk and uncertainty for the purpose of achieving profit and growth by identifying significant opportunities and assembling the necessary resources to capitalize on them” (Zimmerer & Scarborough, 2008, p. 5).

An entrepreneur is “one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise” (Entrepreneur, n.d.).

Examples of Definitions of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship can be defined as a field of business that

seeks to understand how opportunities to create something new (e.g., new products or services, new markets, new production processes or raw materials, new ways of organizing existing technologies) arise and are discovered or created by specific persons, who then use various means to exploit or develop them, thus producing a wide range of effects (Baron, Shane, & Reuber, 2008, p. 4)

A concise definition of entrepreneurship “is that it is the process of pursuing opportunities without limitation by resources currently in hand” (Brooks, 2009, p. 3) and “the process of doing something new and something different for the purpose of creating wealth for the individual and adding value to society” (Kao, 1993, p. 70)

The Evolution of Entrepreneurship Thought

This section includes an overview of how entrepreneurship has evolved to the present day.

The following timeline shows some of the most influential entrepreneurship scholars and the schools of thought (French, English, American, German, and Austrian) their perspectives helped influence and from which their ideas evolved. Schools of thought are essentially groups of people who might or might not have personally known each other, but who shared common beliefs or philosophies.

Figure 1 – Historical and Evolutionary Entrepreneurship Thought (Illustration by Lee A. Swanson)

The Earliest Entrepreneurship

The function, if not the name, of the entrepreneur is probably as old as the institutions of barter and exchange. But only after economic markets became an intrusive element of society did the concept take on pivotal importance. Many economists have recognized the pivotal role of the entrepreneur in a market economy. Yet despite his central importance in economic activity, the entrepreneur has been a shadowy and elusive figure in the history of economic theory (Hebert & Link, 2009, p. 1).

Historically those who acted similarly to the ways we associate with modern day entrepreneurs – namely those who strategically assume risks to seek economic (or other) gains – were military leaders, royalty, or merchants. Military leaders planned their campaigns and battles while assuming significant risks, but by doing so they also stood to gain economic benefits if their strategies were successful. Merchants, like Marco Polo who sailed out of Venice in the late 1200s to search for a trade route to the Orient, also assumed substantial risks in the hope of becoming wealthy (Hebert & Link, 2009).

The entrepreneur, who was also called adventurer , projector , and undertaker during the eighteenth century, was not always viewed in a positive light (Hebert & Link, 2009).

Development of Entrepreneurship as a Concept

Risk and uncertainty.

Richard Cantillon (1680-1734) was born in France and belonged to the French School of thought although he was an Irish economist. He appears to be the person who introduced the term entrepreneur to the world. “According to Cantillon, the entrepreneur is a specialist in taking on risk, ‘insuring’ workers by buying their output for resale before consumers have indicated how much they are willing to pay for it” (Casson & Godley, 2005p. 26). The workers’ incomes are mostly stable, but the entrepreneur risks a loss if market prices fluctuate.

Cantillon distinguished entrepreneurs from two other classes of economic agents; landowners, who were financially independent, and hirelings (employees) who did not partake in the decision-making in exchange for relatively stable incomes through employment contracts. He was the first writer to provide a relatively refined meaning for the term entrepreneurship . Cantillon described entrepreneurs as individuals who generated profits through exchanges. In the face of uncertainty, particularly over future prices, they exercise business judgment. They purchase resources at one price and sell their product at a price that is uncertain, with the difference representing their profit (Chell, 2008; Hebert & Link, 2009).

Farmers were the most prominent entrepreneurs during Cantillon’s lifetime, and they interacted with “arbitrageurs” – or middlemen between farmers and the end consumers – who also faced uncertain incomes, and who were also, therefore, entrepreneurs. These intermediaries facilitated the movement of products from the farms to the cities where more than half of the farm output was consumed. Cantillon observed that consumers were willing to pay a higher price per unit to be able to purchase products in the smaller quantities they wanted, which created the opportunities for the intermediaries to make profits. Profits were the rewards for assuming the risks arising from uncertain conditions. The markets in which profits were earned were characterized by incomplete information (Chell, 2008; Hebert & Link, 2009).

Adolph Reidel (1809-1872), form the German School of thought, picked up on Cantillon’s notion of uncertainty and extended it to theorize that entrepreneurs take on uncertainty so others, namely income earners, do not have to be subject to the same uncertainty. Entrepreneurs provide a service to risk-averse income earners by assuming risk on their behalf. In exchange, entrepreneurs are rewarded when they can foresee the impacts of the uncertainty and sell their products at a price that exceeds their input costs (including the fixed costs of the wages they commit to paying) (Hebert & Link, 2009).

Frank Knight (1885-1972) founded the Chicago School of Economics and belonged to the American School of thought. He refined Cantillon’s perspective on entrepreneurs and risk by distinguishing insurable risk as something that is separate from uncertainty, which is not insurable. Some risks can be insurable because they have occurred enough times in the past that the expected loss from such risks can be calculated. Uncertainty, on the other hand, is not subject to probability calculations. According to Knight, entrepreneurs can’t share the risk of loss by insuring themselves against uncertain events, so they bear these kinds of risks themselves, and profit is the reward that entrepreneurs get from assuming uninsurable risks (Casson & Godley, 2005).

Distinction Between Entrepreneur and Manager

Jean-Baptiste Say (1767-1832), also from the French School, advanced Cantillon’s work, but added that entrepreneurship was essentially a form of management. Say “put the entrepreneur at the core of the entire process of production and distribution” (Hebert & Link, 2009, p. 17). Say’s work resulted in something similar to a general theory of entrepreneurship with three distinct functions; “scientific knowledge of the product; entrepreneurial industry – the application of knowledge to useful purpose; and productive industry – the manufacture of the item by manual labour” (Chell, 2008, p. 20).

Frank Knight made several contributions to entrepreneurship theory, but another of note is how he distinguished an entrepreneur from a manager. He suggested that a manager crosses the line to become an entrepreneur “when the exercise of his/her judgment is liable to error and s/he assumes the responsibility for its correctness” (Chell, 2008, p. 33). Knight said that entrepreneurs calculate the risks associated with uncertain business situations and make informed judgments and decisions with the expectation that – if they assessed the situation and made the correct decisions – they would be rewarded by earning a profit. Those who elect to avoid taking these risks choose the relative security of being employees (Chell, 2008).

Alfred Marshall (1842-1924), from the English School of thought, was one of the founders of neoclassical economics. His research involved distinguishing between the terms capitalist, entrepreneur, and manager. Marshall saw capitalists as individuals who “committed themselves to the capacity and honesty of others, when he by himself had incurred the risks for having contributed with the capital” (Zaratiegui & Rabade, 2005, p. 775). An entrepreneur took control of money provided by capitalists in an effort to leverage it to create more money; but would lose less if something went wrong then would the capitalists. An entrepreneur, however, risked his own reputation and the other gains he could have made by pursuing a different opportunity.

Let us suppose that two men are carrying on smaller businesses, the one working with his own, the other chiefly with borrowed capital. There is one set of risks which is common to both; which may be described as the trade risks of the particular business … But there is another set of risks, the burden of which has to be borne by the man working with borrowed capital, and not by the other; and we may call them personal risks (Marshall, 1961, p. 590; Zaratiegui & Rabade, 2005, p. 776).

Marshall recognized that the reward capitalists received for contributing capital was interest income and the reward entrepreneurs earned was profits. Managers received a salary and, according to Marshall, fulfilled a different function than either capitalists or entrepreneurs – although in some cases, particularly in smaller firms, one person might be both an entrepreneur and a manager. Managers “were more inclined to avoid challenges, innovations and what Schumpeter called the ‘perennial torment of creative destruction’ in favour of a more tranquil life” (Zaratiegui & Rabade, 2005, p. 781). The main risks they faced from firm failure were to their reputations or to their employment status. Managers had little incentive to strive to maximize profits (Zaratiegui & Rabade, 2005).

Amasa Walker (1799-1875) and his son Francis Walker (1840-1897) were from the American School of thought, and they helped shape an American perspective of entrepreneurship following the Civil War of 1861-1865. These scholars claimed that entrepreneurs created wealth, and thus played a different role than capitalists. They believed that entrepreneurs had the power of foresight and leadership qualities that enabled them to organize resources and inject energy into activities that create wealth (Chell, 2008).

Entrepreneurship versus Entrepreneur

Adam Smith (1723-1790), from the English School of thought, published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations in 1776. In a departure from the previous thought into entrepreneurship and economics, Smith did not dwell on a particular class of individual. He was concerned with studying how all people fit into the economic system. Smith contended that the economy was driven by self-interest in the marketplace (Chell, 2008).

Also from the English School, David Ricardo (1772-1823) was influenced by Smith, Say, and others. His work focused on how the capitalist system worked. He explained how manufacturers must invest their capital in response to the demand for the products they produce. If demand decreases, manufacturers should borrow less and reduce their workforces. When demand is high, they should do the reverse (Chell, 2008).

Carl Menger (1840-1921), from the Austrian School of thought, ranked goods according to their causal connections to human satisfaction. Lower order goods include items like bread that directly satisfy a human want or need like hunger. Higher order goods are those more removed from satisfying a human need. A second order good is the flour that was used to make the bread. The grain used to make the flour is an even higher order good. Entrepreneurs coordinate these factors of production to turn higher order goods into lower order goods that more directly satisfy human wants and needs (Hebert & Link, 2009).

Menger (1950 [1871], p. 160) established that entrepreneurial activity includes: (a) obtaining information about the economic situation, (b) economic calculation – all the various computations that must be made if a production process is to be efficient, (c) the act of will by which goods of higher order are assigned to a particular production process, and (d) supervising the execution of the production plan so that it may be carried through as economically as possible (Hebert & Link, 2009, p. 43).

Entrepreneurship and Innovation

Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), from the English School of thought, considered entrepreneurs to be innovators. They “depart from routine, discover new markets, find new sources of supply, improve existing products and lower the costs of production” (Chell, 2008).

Joseph Schumpeter’s (1883-1950) parents were Austrian, he studied at the University of Vienna, conducted research at the University of Graz, served as Austria’s Minister of Finance, and was the president of a bank in the country. Because of the rise of Hitler in Europe, he went to the United States and conducted research at Harvard until he retired in 1949. Because of this, he is sometimes associated with the American School of thought on entrepreneurship (Chell, 2008).

Whereas Menger saw entrepreneurship as occurring because of economic progress, Schumpeter took the opposite stance. Schumpeter saw economic activity as leading to economic development (Hebert & Link, 2009). Entrepreneurs play a central role in Schumpeter’s theory of economic development, and economic development can occur when the factors of production are assembled in new combinations .

Schumpeter (1934) viewed innovation as arising from new combinations of materials and forces. He provided the following five cases of new combinations.

• The introduction of a new good – that is one with which consumers are not yet familiar – or of a new quality of good.
• The introduction of a new method of production, that is one not yet tested by experience in the branch of manufacture concerned, which need by no means be founded upon a discovery scientifically new, and can also exist in a new way of handling a commodity commercially.
• The opening of a new market, that is a market into which the particular branch of manufacture of the country in question has not previously entered, whether or not this market has existed before.
• The conquest of a new source of supply of raw materials or half-manufactured goods, again irrespective of whether this source already exists or whether it has first to be created.
• The carrying out of the new organisation of any industry, like the creation of a monopoly position … or the breaking up of a monopoly position (Schumpeter, 1934, p. 66).

Another concept popularized by Schumpeter – in addition to the notion of new combinations – was creative destruction . This was meant to indicate that the existing ways of doing things need to be dismantled – to be destroyed – to enable a transformation through innovation to a new way of doing things. Entrepreneurs use innovation to disrupt how things are done and to establish a better way of doing those things.

Basic Questions in Entrepreneurship Research

According to Baron (2004a), there are three basic questions of interest in the field of entrepreneurship:

• Why do some persons but not others choose to become entrepreneurs?
• Why do some persons but not others recognize opportunities for new products or services that can be profitably exploited?
• Why are some entrepreneurs so much more successful than others (Baron, 2004a, p. 221)?

To understand where these foundational research questions came from and what their relevance is today, it is useful to study what entrepreneurship research has uncovered so far.

Entrepreneurial Uniqueness

Efforts to teach entrepreneurship have included descriptions of entrepreneurial uniqueness based on personality, behavioural, and cognitive traits (Chell, 2008; Duening, 2010).

• Need for achievement
• Internal locus of control (a belief by an individual that they are in control of their own destiny)
• Risk-taking propensity
• Behavioural traits
• Cognitive skills of successful entrepreneurs

Past studies of personality characteristics and behavioural traits have not been overly successful at identifying entrepreneurial uniqueness.

As it turned out, years of painstaking research along this line has not borne significant fruit. It appears that there are simply not any personality characteristics that are either essential to, or defining of, entrepreneurs that differ systematically from non-entrepreneurs…. Again, investigators proposed a number of behavioural candidates as emblematic of entrepreneurs. Unfortunately, this line of research also resulted in a series of dead ends as examples of successful entrepreneurial behaviours had equal counterparts among samples of non-entrepreneurs. As with the personality characteristic school of thought before it, the behavioural trait school of thought became increasingly difficult to support (Duening, 2010, p. 4-5).

This shed doubt on the value of trying to change personality characteristics or implant new entrepreneurial behaviours through educational programs in an effort to promote entrepreneurship.

New research, however, has resurrected the idea that there might be some value in revisiting personality traits as a topic of study. Additionally, Duening (2010) and has suggested that an important approach to teaching and learning about entrepreneurship is to focus on the “cognitive skills that successful entrepreneurs seem uniquely to possess and deploy” (p. 2). In the next sections we consider the new research on entrepreneurial personality traits and on entrepreneurial cognitions.

Entrepreneurial Personality Traits

While acknowledging that research had yet to validate the value of considering personality and behaviour traits as ways to distinguish entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs or unsuccessful ones, Chell (2008) suggested that researchers turn their attention to new sets of traits including: “the proactive personality, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, perseverance and intuitive decision-making style. Other traits that require further work include social competence and the need for independence” (p. 140).

In more recent years scholars have considered how the Big Five personality traits – extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism (sometimes presented as emotional stability ), and openness to experience (sometimes referred to as intellect) – might be used to better understand entrepreneurs. It appears that the Big Five traits might be of some use in predicting entrepreneurial success. Research is ongoing in this area, but in one example, Caliendo, Fossen, and Kritikos (2014) studied whether personality constructs might “influence entrepreneurial decisions at different points in time” (p. 807), and found that “high values in three factors of the Big Five approach—openness to experience, extraversion, and emotional stability (the latter only when we do not control for further personality characteristics)—increase the probability of entry into self-employment” (p. 807). They also found “that some specific personality characteristics, namely risk tolerance, locus of control, and trust, have strong partial effects on the entry decision” (p. 807). They also found that people who scored higher on agreeableness were more likely to exit their businesses, possibly meaning that people with lower agreeableness scores might prevail longer as entrepreneurs. When it came to specific personality traits, their conclusions indicated that those with an external locus of control were more likely to stop being self-employed after they had run their businesses for a while. There are several implications for research like this, including the potential to better understand why some entrepreneurs behave as they do based upon their personality types and the chance to improve entrepreneurship education and support services.

Entrepreneurial Cognitions

It is only fairly recently that entrepreneurship scholars have focused on cognitive skills as a primary factor that differentiates successful entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs and less successful entrepreneurs. This approach deals with how entrepreneurs think differently than non-entrepreneurs (Duening, 2010; Mitchell et al., 2007).

Entrepreneurial cognitions are the knowledge structures that people use to make assessments, judgments or decisions involving opportunity evaluation and venture creation and growth. In other words, research in entrepreneurial cognition is about understanding how entrepreneurs use simplifying mental models to piece together previously unconnected information that helps them to identify and invent new products or services, and to assemble the necessary resources to start and grow businesses (Mitchell, Busenitz, et al., 2002, p. 97).

Mitchell, Smith, et al. (2002) provided the example of how the decision to create a new venture (dependent variable) was influenced by three sets of cognitions (independent variables). They described these cognitions as follows:

Arrangements cognitions are the mental maps about the contacts, relationships, resources, and assets necessary to engage in entrepreneurial activity; willingness cognitions are the mental maps that support commitment to venturing and receptivity to the idea of starting a venture; ability cognitions consist of the knowledge structures or scripts (Glaser, 1984) that individuals have to support the capabilities, skills, norms, and attitudes required to create a venture (Mitchell et al., 2000). These variables draw on the idea that cognitions are structured in the minds of individuals (Read, 1987), and that these knowledge structures act as “scripts” that are the antecedents of decision making (Leddo & Abelson, 1986, p. 121; Mitchell, Smith, et al., 2002, p. 10)

Cognitive Perspective to Understanding Entrepreneurship

According to Baron (2004a), by taking a cognitive perspective, we might better understand entrepreneurs and the role they play in the entrepreneurial process.

The cognitive perspective emphasizes the fact that everything we think, say, or do is influenced by mental processes—the cognitive mechanisms through which we acquire store, transform, and use information. It is suggested here that this perspective can be highly useful to the field of entrepreneurship. Specifically, it can assist the field in answering three basic questions it has long addressed: (1) Why do some persons but not others choose to become entrepreneurs? (2) Why do some persons but not others recognize opportunities for new products or services that can be profitably exploited? And (3) Why are some entrepreneurs so much more successful than others (Baron, 2004a, p. 221-222)?

Baron (2004a), illustrated how cognitive differences between people might explain why some people end up pursuing entrepreneurial pursuits and others do not. For example, prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1977) and other decision-making or behavioural theories might be useful in this regard. Research into cognitive biases might also help explain why some people become entrepreneurs.

Baron (2004a) also revealed ways in which cognitive concepts like signal detection theory, regulation theory, and entrepreneurial might help explain why some people are better at entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. He also illustrated how some cognitive models and theories – like risk perception, counterfactual thinking, processing style, and susceptibility to cognitive errors – might help explain why some entrepreneurs are more successful than others.

Cognitive Perspective and the Three Questions

• Prospect Theory
• Cognitive Biases
• Signal Detection Theory
• Regulation Theory
• Entrepreneurial Alertness
• Risk Perception
• Counterfactual Thinking
• Processing Style
• Susceptibility to Cognitive Errors

Entrepreneurial Scripts

• “Cognition has emerged as an important theoretical perspective for understanding and explaining human behavior and action” (Dutta & Thornhill, 2008, p. 309).
• Cognitions are all processes by which sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered, and used (Neisser, 1976).
• Cognitions lead to the acquisition of knowledge, and involve human information processing.
• Is a mental model, or information processing short-cut that can give information form and meaning, and enable subsequent interpretation and action.
• The subsequent interpretation and actions can result in expert performance … they can also result in thinking errors.
• the processes that transfer expertise, and
• the actual expertise itself.
• Scripts are generally framed as a linear sequence of steps, usually with feedback loops, that can explain how to achieve a particular task – perhaps like developing a business plan.
• Sometimes scripts can be embedded within other scripts. For example, within a general venturing script that outlines the sequences of activities that can lead to a successful business launch, there will probably be sub-scripts describing how entrepreneurs can search for ideas, screen those ideas until one is selected, plan how to launch a sustainable business based upon that idea and including securing the needed financial resources, setting up the business, starting it, effectively managing its ongoing operations, and managing the venture such that that entrepreneur can extract the value that they desire from the enterprise at the times and in the ways they want it.
• The most effective scripts include an indication of the norms that outline performance standards and indicate how to determine when any step in the sequence has been properly completed.

General Venturing Script

Generally, entrepreneurship is considered to consist of the following elements, or subscripts (Brooks, 2009; Mitchell, 2000).

• Idea Screening
• Planning and Financing
• Ongoing Operations

Searching (also called idea formulation or opportunity recognition)

• This script begins when a person decides they might be a potential entrepreneur (or when an existing entrepreneur decides they need more ideas in their idea pool ).
• This script ends when there are a sufficient number of ideas in the idea pool.
• overcome mental blockages to creativity which might hinder this person’s ability to identify viable ideas;
• implement steps to identify a sufficient number of ideas (most likely 5 or more) which the person is interested in investigating to determine whether they might be viable given general criteria such as this person’s personal interests and capabilities;

Idea Screening (also called concept development)

• This script begins when the person with the idea pool is no longer focusing on adding new ideas to it; but is instead taking steps to choose the best idea for them given a full range of specific criteria .
• This script ends when one idea is chosen from among those in the idea pool.
• Evaluate the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal climates
• Evaluate the degree of competitiveness in the industry, the threat of substitutes emerging, the threat of new entrants to the industry, the degree of bargaining power of buyers, and the degree of bargaining power of suppliers.
• Do a market profile analysis to assess the attractiveness of the position within the industry that the potential venture will occupy.
• Formulate and evaluate potential strategies to leverage organizational strengths, overcome/minimize weaknesses, take advantage of opportunities, and overcome/minimize threats;
• Complete financial projections and analyze them to evaluate financial attractiveness;
• Assess the founder fit with the ideas;
• Evaluate the core competencies of the organization relative to the idea;
• Assess advice solicited from trusted advisers

Planning and Financing (also called resource determination and acquisition)

• This script begins when the idea screening script ends and when the person begins making the plans to implement the single idea chosen from the idea pool, which is done in concert with securing financing to implement the venture idea.
• This script ends when sufficient business planning has been done and when adequate financing has been arranged.
• The scripting process involves a logical flow of steps to develop a business plan and secure adequate financing to start the business.

Set-Up (also called launch)

• This script begins when the planning and financing script ends and when the person begins implementing the plans needed to start the business.
• This script ends when the business is ready to start-up.
• The scripting process involves a logical flow of steps, including purchasing and installing equipment, securing the venture location and finishing all the needed renovations, recruiting and hiring any staff needed for start-up, and the many other steps needed to prepare for start-up.
• Start-Up (also called launch)
• This script begins when the set-up script ends and when the business opens and begins making sales.
• This script ends when the business has moved beyond the point where the entrepreneur must continually fight for the business’s survival and persistence. It ends when the entrepreneur can instead shift emphasis toward business growth or maintaining the venture’s stability.
• The scripting process involves a logical flow of steps needed to establish a new venture.

Ongoing Operations (also called venture growth)

• This script begins when the start-up script ends and when the business has established persistence and is implementing growth (or maintenance) strategies.
• This script ends when the entrepreneur chooses to harvest the value they generated with the venture.
• The scripting process involves a logical flow of steps needed to grow (or maintain) a venture.

Studying Entrepreneurship

The following quotations from two preeminent entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education researchers indicate the growing interest in studies in this field.

Entrepreneurship has emerged over the last two decades as arguably the most potent economic force the world has ever experienced. With that expansion has come a similar increase in the field of entrepreneurship education. The recent growth and development in the curricula and programs devoted to entrepreneurship and new-venture creation have been remarkable. The number of colleges and universities that offer courses related to entrepreneurship has grown from a handful in the 1970s to over 1,600 in 2005 (Kuratko, 2005, p. 577).

Interest in entrepreneurship has heightened in recent years, especially in business schools. Much of this interest is driven by student demand for courses in entrepreneurship, either because of genuine interest in the subject, or because students see entrepreneurship education as a useful hedge given uncertain corporate careers (Venkataraman, 1997, p. 119).

Approaches to Studying Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is a discipline, which means an individual can learn about it, and about how to be an effective entrepreneur. It is a myth that people are born entrepreneurs and that others cannot learn to become entrepreneurs (Drucker, 1985). Kuratko (2005) asserted that the belief previously held by some that entrepreneurship cannot be taught has been debunked, and the focus has shifted to what topics should be taught and how they should be covered.

Solomon (2007) summarized some of the research on what should be covered in entrepreneurship courses, and how it should be taught. While the initial focus was on actions like developing business plans and being exposed to real entrepreneurs, more recently this approach has been supplemented by an emphasis on technical, industry, and personal experience. “It requires critical thinking and ethical assessment and is based on the premise that successful entrepreneurial activities are a function of human, venture and environmental conditions” (p. 172). Another approach “calls for courses to be structured around a series of strategic development challenges including opportunity identification and feasibility analysis; new venture planning, financing and operating; new market development and expansion strategies; and institutionalizing innovation” (p. 172). This involves having students interact with entrepreneurs by interviewing them, having them act as mentors, and learning about their experiences and approaches through class discussions.

Sources of Information for Studying Entrepreneurship

According to Kuratko (2005), “three major sources of information supply the data related to the entrepreneurial process or perspective” (p. 579).

• Academic journals like Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , Journal of Business Venturing , and Journal of Small Business Management
• Proceedings of conferences like Proceedings of the Academy of Management and Proceedings of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada
• Textbooks on entrepreneurship
• Books about entrepreneurship
• Biographies or autobiographies of entrepreneurs
• News periodicals like Canadian Business and Profit
• Trade periodicals like Entrepreneur and Family Business
• Government publications available through sources like the Enterprise Saskatchewan and Canada-Saskatchewan Business Service Centre (CSBSC) websites and through various government resource centers
• Data might be collected from entrepreneurs and about entrepreneurs through surveys, interviews, or other methods applied by researchers.
• Speeches and presentations by practicing entrepreneurs

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200+ Entrepreneurship Research Paper Topics

• peachyessay
• March 22, 2023
• Blogs , Essay Topics

Entrepreneurship is a fascinating and dynamic field that has the potential to drive economic growth and innovation. Aspiring entrepreneurs and researchers alike are drawn to the field for its exciting opportunities and potential for impact. However, with so many avenues to explore, deciding on specific entrepreneurship research paper topics can take time and effort. 

Fear not, as we have compiled a list of entrepreneurship research paper topics that will keep readers hooked until the end. From examining the impact of mentorship on entrepreneurial success to exploring the role of social entrepreneurship in addressing global challenges, these topics offer diverse perspectives and avenues for inquiry. So, whether you are an aspiring entrepreneur or a seasoned researcher, let these topics spark your curiosity and inspire your next research project.

What Exactly is an Entrepreneur?

An entrepreneur is a person who uses their creative ideas to start and grow a business. Entrepreneurs play critical roles in the growth of their businesses in addition to generating income.

Entrepreneur identifies a commercial need in their community, develops a business idea, and takes the initiative to launch their company. Suppose a business idea does not involve developing a product that was previously unavailable in the market. In that case, it usually involves utilizing technological innovations to make a product or service more accessible.

20 Entrepreneurship Topics

• Startup funding options
• Creating a business plan
• Market research
• Intellectual property protection
• Choosing a business structure
• Marketing strategies
• Sales techniques
• Financial management
• Human resource management
• Leadership and team management
• Product development
• Scaling a business
• Innovation and creativity
• Customer service and experience
• Networking and partnerships
• Social entrepreneurship
• Franchising
• E-commerce and online businesses
• International business and globalization
• Succession planning and exit strategies

20 Entrepreneurial Research Topics

• Entrepreneurial intentions and motivations
• Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional development
• Entrepreneurial finance and investment decisions
• Entrepreneurial networks and social capital
• Entrepreneurial education and training
• Entrepreneurial opportunities and market entry
• Entrepreneurial teams and team dynamics
• Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance
• Entrepreneurial marketing and branding
• Entrepreneurial innovation and technology management
• Entrepreneurial culture and organizational behavior.
• Entrepreneurial failure and recovery
• Entrepreneurial exit strategies and succession planning
• Women and minority entrepreneurship
• Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic entrepreneurship
• Family business and entrepreneurship
• Sustainable entrepreneurship and social innovation
• Entrepreneurial policies and public support programs
• Entrepreneurial internationalization and cross-cultural management
• Entrepreneurial resilience and coping strategies

20 Research Topics Related to Business

• The impact of social media on consumer behavior and brand loyalty

Research could explore how social media influences purchasing decisions, customer retention, and overall brand image.

• The effectiveness of performance-based compensation for employees

This topic could involve researching the benefits and drawbacks of commission-based pay structures, employee motivation, and the impact on company performance.

• The role of artificial intelligence in business operations

Research could explore how AI is used in various industries, its potential for streamlining business processes, and its impact on the job market.

• The impact of globalization on small businesses

This topic could involve researching the challenges and opportunities of increased competition, access to global markets, and the role of international trade policies.

• The effectiveness of online advertising on consumer behavior

Research could explore how online advertising affects customer engagement and purchasing behavior, as well as the effectiveness of different ad formats and targeting strategies.

• The impact of diversity and inclusion initiatives on business performance

This topic could involve researching how diverse workforces lead to increased innovation and better decision-making and the impact of inclusion initiatives on employee satisfaction and retention.

• The role of corporate social responsibility in brand reputation and customer loyalty

Research could explore how CSR initiatives can benefit businesses, such as increased customer loyalty and improved brand reputation, as well as the potential costs and drawbacks of such programs.

• The impact of e-commerce on traditional brick-and-mortar businesses

This topic could involve researching how online shopping has affected traditional retail businesses and the potential for new technologies to help brick-and-mortar stores compete.

• The effectiveness of leadership styles on employee motivation and job satisfaction

Research could explore the different leadership styles, such as transformational, servant, and autocratic, and their impact on employee engagement, motivation, and overall job satisfaction.

• The impact of intellectual property laws on innovation and business competition

This topic could involve researching how IP laws, such as patents and trademarks, affect innovation and competition and the potential benefits and drawbacks of such laws.

• The role of data analytics in business decision-making

Research could explore how data analytics can help businesses make more informed decisions and the challenges and limitations of using data to inform business strategies.

• The impact of employee wellness programs on productivity and job satisfaction

This topic could involve researching how wellness programs, such as fitness classes and mental health support, can benefit employee productivity and satisfaction and the potential costs and drawbacks of such programs.

• The effectiveness of customer loyalty programs on business revenue and customer retention

Research could explore how loyalty programs, such as rewards points and discounts, can improve customer retention and increase revenue, as well as the potential drawbacks and costs of such programs.

• The role of entrepreneurship in economic development

This topic could involve researching how entrepreneurship and small business development can drive economic growth and job creation, as well as the challenges and risks of starting and running a small business.

• The impact of workplace diversity on organizational culture and performance

Research could explore how diversity and inclusion initiatives can improve organizational culture and performance and the challenges and limitations of creating a diverse workforce.

• The effectiveness of supply chain management strategies on business operations

This topic could involve researching how supply chain management can help businesses streamline operations, reduce costs, and improve efficiency, as well as the challenges and limitations of implementing such strategies.

• The role of branding in business success

Research could explore how branding can influence customer perception and can influence customer perception and purchase decisions, as well as the impact of brand identity on business performance and the challenges and opportunities presented by branding in different industries.

• The impact of digital transformation on business operations and customer experience

This topic could involve researching how digital technologies transform how businesses operate and interact with customers and the potential benefits and drawbacks of such transformations.

• The effectiveness of customer relationship management (CRM) strategies on customer retention and loyalty

Research could explore how CRM strategies, such as personalized marketing and customer service, can improve customer satisfaction and loyalty and the challenges and limitations of implementing such strategies.

• The impact of business ethics on organizational culture and stakeholder trust

This topic could involve researching how ethical business practices can improve organizational culture and stakeholder trust and the potential costs and benefits of prioritizing ethical considerations in decision-making processes.

25 Questions About Entrepreneurship

• What are the key traits and characteristics of successful entrepreneurs?
• How do entrepreneurs identify and evaluate business opportunities?
• What are the key factors that contribute to entrepreneurial success?
• What are the risks and challenges of starting and running a small business?
• How do entrepreneurs finance their ventures?
• How do entrepreneurs build and manage teams?
• What is the role of innovation in entrepreneurship?
• What are the ethical considerations in entrepreneurship?
• How do entrepreneurs navigate regulatory and legal requirements?
• What are the differences between social and traditional entrepreneurship?
• How do entrepreneurs balance work-life demands?
• What is the role of mentorship in entrepreneurship?
• How do entrepreneurs adapt to changing market conditions?
• What are the key strategies for scaling a business?
• How do entrepreneurs manage risk and uncertainty?
• How do entrepreneurs use technology to drive business growth?
• What is the impact of entrepreneurial activity on economic development?
• How do entrepreneurs approach marketing and branding?
• How do entrepreneurs measure and track business performance?
• What cultural and societal factors shape entrepreneurship in different regions and industries?
• How do entrepreneurs balance short-term goals with long-term vision?
• How do entrepreneurs approach decision-making and risk-taking?
• How do entrepreneurs create and maintain a competitive advantage?
• What is the role of networking and social capital in entrepreneurship?
• How do entrepreneurs approach the challenge of failure and learn from it?

20 Interesting Entrepreneurship Research Paper Topics

• The impact of entrepreneurship education on venture success rates
• The role of government policies in supporting entrepreneurship
• The relationship between cultural values and entrepreneurial mindset
• The impact of gender and diversity on entrepreneurial success
• The role of accelerators and incubators in supporting early-stage ventures
• The role of family businesses in entrepreneurship and economic growth
• The impact of social media on entrepreneurial marketing strategies
• The potential of crowdfunding for entrepreneurial financing
• The role of corporate entrepreneurship in driving innovation and growth
• The impact of entrepreneurial networks on venture success rates
• The role of sustainability in social entrepreneurship
• The impact of digital disruption on traditional entrepreneurial models
• The relationship between intellectual property rights and entrepreneurship
• The potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning for entrepreneurial ventures
• The role of emotional intelligence in entrepreneurial leadership
• The impact of global entrepreneurship on economic development
• The potential of blockchain technology for entrepreneurial ventures
• The relationship between entrepreneurial personality traits and venture success rates
• The role of bootstrapping in entrepreneurial financing
• The impact of corporate social responsibility on entrepreneurial ventures

15 Latest Entrepreneurship Research Paper Ideas

• The impact of entrepreneurial growth on the labor market
• The relationship between managerial abilities and the encouragement of entrepreneurial activities in the private sector
• What actions can governments take to promote entrepreneurial ideas?
• The impact of startup culture on the development of entrepreneurship in your country
• How does venture capital promote innovation in established businesses?
• How do you become a multi-millionaire entrepreneur?
• Important elements for sustaining entrepreneurship
• Strategies for growing small businesses.
• Is it necessary for entrepreneurs to seek self-satisfaction?
• What exactly is high-tech entrepreneurship?
• Entrepreneurship as a Trait Approach
• How do small businesses obtain raw materials?
• What exactly is the connection between entrepreneurship and market orientation?
• How can inventors find entrepreneurs to collaborate with and fund new projects?
• What factors influence people’s decision to become entrepreneurs?

15 Ideas for Trending Entrepreneurship Research Papers

• Discuss the psychological techniques used by entrepreneurs to deal with stressful situations.
• Discuss the efficacy of social media entrepreneurship in today’s business society.
• Discuss the role of educational institutions and governments in assisting students who want to be entrepreneurs.
• A successful entrepreneur’s common personality traits.
• What laws and fiscal policies encourage business formation?
• Social Entrepreneurship and how to get it.
• Identify Female Entrepreneurs with Strong Personalities
• What Exactly Is Online Entrepreneurship, and How Can You Become an Entrepreneur Using the Internet?
• Online Entrepreneurship Opportunities
• Is there an increasing level of expertise in family businesses and global entrepreneurship?
• The importance of small businesses in creating jobs
• Small and medium-sized business marketing and promotion.
• The effects of microcredit on the performance of female entrepreneurs.
• The effects of skill acquisition on the development of entrepreneurship
• An examination of entrepreneurship success criteria

15 Great Entrepreneurship Dissertation Topics

• Cultural influences on entrepreneurial performance
• The effect of a power outage on a small-scale business’s operational performance.
• The effects of creativity and innovation on family business entrepreneurial performance.
• The role of businesses in attracting foreign investment.
• The efficacy of social media entrepreneurship in today’s business society.
• Strategic planning’s impact on the performance of small and medium-sized businesses.
• Undergraduates in the social studies unit’s attitude toward entrepreneurship
• Entrepreneurship development in a downturn economy.
• Techniques for determining the long-term viability of small-scale business opportunities
• The effectiveness of trade shows as a marketing tool in small and medium-sized businesses.
• How does entrepreneurship contribute to the development of democracy in service-oriented businesses?
• What are your thoughts on starting a business with family and friends?
• Geographical research entrepreneurship
• Investigate students’ entrepreneurial mindsets.
• The expansion of entrepreneurial education in the United States

15 Topics for Popular Entrepreneurship Research Papers

• Graduate Entrepreneurship Education and Training
• Through youth enterprise programs, entrepreneurship is embedded in a regional context.
• The impact of automotive technology on entrepreneurship for long-term development
• Women’s Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas
• The impact of entrepreneurship development on job creation
• The factors that influence entrepreneurial performance in small businesses
• Employee compensation and entrepreneurial productivity
• The impact of entrepreneurship skills on the development of a product portfolio.
• Is a startup’s ‘gut feeling’ a good reason to invest?
• Entrepreneurship in e-commerce
• How does a social startup decide whether or not to commercialize?
• Is it necessary for business owners to establish trust?
• How do emotions influence entrepreneur decision-making and behavior?
• Literature on entrepreneurship and its future evolution
• How do managers’ international experiences help them attract venture capitalists’ investments?

15 Outstanding Entrepreneurship Research Topics

• This study aims to look into the role of female entrepreneurs in developing new services in the twenty-first century.
• To look into the key characteristics of entrepreneurs in creating new “unicorns” (billion-dollar start-ups).
• Studying academic papers can help one better understand the entrepreneur’s need for self-fulfillment.
• An empirical examination of the validity and significance of established theories of entrepreneurship in the current era.
• To investigate the perceptions of female entrepreneurs in a traditional family business setting.
• Can technology help to reduce global pollution? Take, for example, Tesla’s electric vehicles.
• A study of entrepreneurs in India and the United States assessed the relationship between technology exposure and entrepreneurial success.
• To investigate the challenges of establishing a technological start-up in developing countries.
• The investigation of how Israel established a technological ecosystem framework to produce the world’s most successful tech start-ups.
• Entrepreneurship education and its impact on the sustainability of family businesses: A case study of Indian business families
• Examine microfinance’s role in creating a sustainable entrepreneurship ecosystem in developing countries.
• A case study that compares China and the United States to assess the role of culture in the development of successful entrepreneurs.
• Examine whether male and female entrepreneurs have the same or different skills and qualities.
• A preliminary investigation into the role of government assistance in developing female entrepreneurship.
• Examine entrepreneurs’ roles in reducing the environmental impacts of businesses and industries.

15 Excellent Entrepreneurship Research Paper Subjects

• Entrepreneurship and its implications for economic growth
• Cloud computing and its implications for business
• The common characteristics of a successful entrepreneur
• The primary fuels of entrepreneurial growth
• Investors’ strategies for acquiring top entrepreneurs
• Corporate enterprise training initiatives’ impact
• The primary impediments to entrepreneurial growth
• The Advantages of Starting Your Own Business
• What exactly is crowdsourcing, and how does it work?
• How do entrepreneurs help the economy develop and grow?
• Factors influencing new venture growth
• The impact of taxes on entrepreneurs’ decision-making processes
• What are other marketing strategies effective for small-scale food entrepreneurs?
• Theoretical frameworks for global entrepreneurship
• How can equal participation in modern entrepreneurship be achieved?

15 Topics for Research Papers on Entrepreneurship

• Entrepreneurship as a viable long-term solution to unemployment
• How can a business be innovative?
• The role of universities and governments in assisting students who wish to pursue entrepreneurship
• Describe the characteristics and abilities of a successful entrepreneur.
• Discuss the challenges that Indian entrepreneurs face today.
• How can a successful fundraising campaign be carried out?
• What is the impact of gender on entrepreneurship?
• Investigating entrepreneurship as a long-term solution to unemployment
• Regular employment versus entrepreneurship: distinctions, benefits, drawbacks, and examples
• The factors that influence people’s decision to become entrepreneurs
• Important personality characteristics for becoming a successful entrepreneur
• Regular employment vs. entrepreneurship: distinctions, benefits, drawbacks, and examples.

Entrepreneurship Research Paper Topics: Bottom Line

Entrepreneurship is a complex and multifaceted field that offers exciting opportunities for both research and practice. From identifying business opportunities and navigating regulatory requirements to building and managing teams and scaling a venture, the challenges and rewards of entrepreneurship are diverse and dynamic. The research topics outlined here offer a range of perspectives and avenues for inquiry, highlighting the potential of entrepreneurship to drive economic growth, innovation, and social change.

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Essay on Entrepreneurship: Top 9 Essays | Business Management

Here is a compilation of essays on ‘Entrepreneurship’ for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on ‘Entrepreneurship’ especially written for school and college students.

Essay on Entrepreneurship

Essay Contents:

• Essay on the Benefits of Entrepreneurship

Essay # 1. Introduction to Entrepreneurship:

Entrepreneurship is the name given to the factor of production which performs the functions of Enterprise. In economics, Land, Labour, Capital, Organisation and Enterprise are the five factors which are thought to be the basis of all the production activities.

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Entrepreneurship in a broader sense can be considered as a process of action undertaken by an entrepreneur (Person) to establish his enterprise. It is a creative and innovative response to the environment.

Entrepreneurship can be described as a creative and innovative response to the environment. Such responses may take place in any field of social endeavour may be business, agriculture, social work and education etc.

For the entrepreneur it is important to have knowledge about the economic and political environment, more particularly about the economic policies of the government and the financial as well as commercial institutions.

Thus a simple definition of entrepreneurship is doing new things or doing things which are already being done in a new way.

According to Dr. J.E. Stepenek, “Entrepreneurship” is the capacity to take risk; ability to organise and desire to diversify and make innovations in the enterprise.

According to Higgins, Entrepreneurship is meant for the function of seeing investment and production opportunity, organising in enterprise to undertake a new production process, raising capital, hiring labour, arranging the supply of raw materials, finding site, introducing new techniques and commodities, discovering new sources of raw materials and selecting top managers for day to day operation of the enterprise.

It may be concluded that entrepreneurship is a composite skill, the resultant of many qualities and traits. These include, imagination ready to take risk, ability to bring together and utilize other factors of production such as capital, land and labour along with intangible factors such as capability to mobilise scientific and technological developments.

Entrepreneurship thus involves taking risk and making essential investments under conditions of uncertainty. At the same time it is connected with innovation, planning and taking decisions so as to increase productivity in industry, business and agriculture etc. It thus plays a key role in the process of economic development.

Essay # 2. Definition of Entrepreneurship:

Entrepreneurship is a pro­cess of action an entrepreneur undertakes to establish his enter­prise. Entrepreneurship is a re­sultant mix of many qualities and traits of an entrepreneur.

Entrepreneurship can be de­fined as a process undertaken by entrepreneur to augment his business interests. It is an exer­cise involving innovation and creativity that will go towards establishing his/her enterprise.

Entrepreneurship is the inclination of mind to take calculated risks with confidence to achieve a predetermined business or industrial objectives.

Essay # 3. Growth and Success of Entrepreneurship :

Entrepreneurship has opened avenues of great scope in the Indian economy. Our national economy is most suited to the growth of small business enterprise. Small business units offer a more convenient means of nurturing and developing entrepreneurship by providing the means of entry into business for new entrepreneurship talents. Small-scale industries are labour-in­tensive and can play an important role in solving the problem of unemployment.

Success of Entrepreneurship :

Following aspects are necessary for the successful entrepreneurship:

1. Regular inflow of information related to buyers, consumers, distributors, dealers, retailers, transporters etc., about raw material, quality aspects, government organisations, employees and competitors.

2. Satisfying the needs of customers.

3. Generation of adequate cash flow.

4. Regular objective assessment of the enterprise.

5. Improving productivity.

6. Maintenance of quality.

7. Use of technology of the time.

8. Be innovative.

9. Keep employees motivated.

10. Scrap or waste material be utilised properly.

11. Time management.

Essay # 4. Entrepreneurial v/s Managerial Styles :

An entrepreneur is a person who is motivated to satisfy a high need for achievement in innovative and creative activities. This creative behaviour and innovative spirit forms a process of an endless chain and is termed as entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur is also required to manage his business. He has to perform both entrepreneurial and managerial func­tions. After the start of the business he becomes more as manager.

Manager is one who specialises in the work of planning, organising, leading and controlling the efforts of others. He does it through systematic use of his classified knowledge and principles. He should have an insight of job requirement, which he should continuously update.

An entrepreneur must adopt the style of professional management. He must organise mana­gerial functions by setting long term objectives, formulating strategic policies, developing man­agement information system, monitoring and evaluation systems. He is required to possess management knowledge related to technical, economical, financial, human and administrative aspects.

There is a vast difference between owner-manager and professional-manager. The owner- manager is identified with individuality, flair, strong motivation to achieve success and pros­per, while the professional-manager is concerned with the planning, organising, motivating and controlling. Owner-manager builds the organisation, assumes all business risks, and also loses his reputation and prestige in the event of failure of business, whereas professional-manager is not exposed to such risks.

Thus entrepreneurship is a process of combining resources to produce new goods or services and reappears to initiate another change. Entrepreneurs are also required to play other roles, especially those of capitalist and manager. Managerial function of an entrepreneur is a continu­ous process of combining the factors related to production.

Essay # 5. Entrepreneurial Development :

For the economic development, entrepreneurial development is necessary. For the purpose of entrepreneurial development, rapid growth of small scale sector is necessary. Entrepreneur­ial development programmes are designed to help a person in strengthening his entrepreneur­ial motive and in acquiring skills and capabilities necessary for playing his role effectively.

Main objective of the entrepreneurial development programme is to motivate and assist pro­spective and potential entrepreneurs to set up small scale units of their own and thus become self-employed and contribute significantly to production and employment in the country.

Entrepreneurial development programme must be designed properly and should incorpo­rate the following:

(i) Developing, achievement, motivation and sharpening entrepreneurial traits and behaviour.

(ii) Project planning and development, and guidance on industrial opportunities, incen­tives and facilities, rules and regulations.

(iii) Developing managerial and operational capabilities.

Keeping the target group and target area in view various strategies and approaches are adopted. The process of entrepreneurial development is designed very carefully and starts from identifying the potential and right candidates, linking suitable project with each one, and then training and developing the managerial and entrepreneurial capabilities, counseling and motivating them, and then providing the required follow-up support to help them in establishing their venture.

Objectives :

Objectives of entrepreneurial development programme are to help to:

(i) Develop and strengthen their entrepreneurial quality.

(ii) Analyse environment related to small business and small industry.

(iii) Select product and its project.

(iv) Formulate projects.

(v) Understand the procedure for setting up of small enterprise.

(vi) Support needed for launching the enterprise.

(vii) Acquire basic management skills.

(viii) Appreciate the social responsibilities.

(ix) Let him set the objectives of his business.

(x) Prepare him to accept risks.

(xi) Take strategic decisions.

(xii) Develop communicating skills.

Training for Entrepreneur :

Proper training is essential for the success of any industry in production techniques, man­agement, marketing and other aspects.

Small Industries Service Institutes and their Extension Centres are organising trainings:

(i) To improve technical skills of workers,

(ii) For acquainting the entrepreneurs with advanced production and management techniques.

The courses for workers are organised in the following areas:

(a) Shop practice courses such as machine shop practice, tool room practice, foundry, blacksmithy, electrical shop practice etc.

(b) Trade oriented courses, such as tool making, fitter, sheet metal, pattern making, carpentry etc.

(c) Process oriented courses, such as welding, heat treatment, electroplating, leather works etc.

(d) Product oriented courses, sport goods, foot wear, paint, varnish making etc.

Training programmes for entrepreneurs are of two types namely:

(i) For graduate and di­ploma holder engineers, physics and chemistry graduates and

(ii) For rural artisans, educated unemployed, ex-servicemen, weaker sections of the society, women entrepreneurs etc. with special courses for each of the categories of persons.

For providing training and upgradation of technology and managerial skills, specialised institutions have been set up.

For conducting entrepreneurship development programmes, the lead was given by Small Industries Development Organisation through its small industries service centres. Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDII) was established in 1983 at Ahmedabad as a resource organisation at the national level for the purpose of creating the institutional infra­structure for entrepreneurship development.

National Institute for Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIES BHD) was established by the central Government at New Delhi, with the objective of coordinating activities related to entrepreneurship and small business development.

In addition, institutions established by the Government are:

(i) Rural Entrepreneurship Development Institute (RED) at Ranchi.

(ii) Rural Management and Management Centres (RMEDC) at Maharashtra.

Other organisational actively conducting entrepreneurship development programmes are:

(i) State Bank of India

(iii) Centre for Entrepreneurship Development at Ahmedabad and Hubli.

(iv) State financial corporations.

(v) Industrial consultancy organisations in various states.

(vi) Small Industries Extension Training Institute, Hyderabad.

(vii) Institute of Entrepreneurship Development (IEDs) in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Orissa.

(viii) Management Development Institute (MDI) at Gurgaon (Haryana) near Delhi.

Some of the other institutions for entrepreneurial development are:

1. Central Institute of Tool Design, Hyderabad.

2. Central Tool Room and Training Centre, Calcutta.

3. NI SIET, Guwahati.

4. Institute for Design of Electrical Measuring Instruments, Bombay.

5. Electronic Service and Training Centre, Ramnagar.

6. Process-cum-Product Development Centre for Glass and Ceramic Industry, Ranchi.

7. Process and Product Development Centre, Agra.

8. Process and Product Development Centre, Meerut.

9. Central Institute of Hand Tools, Jalandhar.

10. Hand Tool Design Development and Training Centre, Nagpur.

11. New Indo-Danish Tool Rooms, Jamshedpur and Bhubaneswar.

12. Ino-German Tool Rooms-Indore, Ahmedabad and Aurangabad.

13. National Institute for Entrepreneurship & Small Business Development, New Delhi.

14. National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad.

15. Centre for the Improvement of Glass Industry, Firozabad.

16. National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Delhi, Ballabgarh, Hyderabad, Patna and Madras.

17. Indian Plywood Industries Research Institute, Bangalore.

18. Central Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Saharanpur.

19. National Federation of Industrial Cooperatives Limited, New Delhi.

20. Central Machine Tool Institute, Bangalore.

Essay # 6. Beliefs Regarding Entrepreneurship:

According to literature there are many myths about entrepreneurship:

But myths and realities about its are different as follows:

1. Myth about entrepreneurs is that they are born not made but “reality” is that entrepreneur characteristics and traits may be acquired through properly structured learning.

2. Myth regarding entrepreneurs is that all required is money but generally it is observed that excessive and surplus money reduces the risk taking opportunities, scarce for care resources and grasp for opportunities.

3. Myth regarding entrepreneurship is that it is profile of traits and characteristics but practically it is a combination of situational issues.

4. Myth about entrepreneurs is doer not thinkers whereas the reality is that frequent thinking in planning, creativity, innovation and risk taking is required.

5. As per myth “Business schools have no place in entrepreneurship” but in actual practice most of the successful entrepreneurs have come from engineering courses and business schools.

Essay # 7. Financing of Enterprise :

Finance is the main input of any enterprise. The entrepreneur needs capital to start with, and he also needs financial assistance at every stage of the project. Project finance is required for both short term and long term.

(a) Short-term Finance:

These usually refer to the funds required for a period of less than one year. These are usually required to meet variable, seasonal or temporary working capital requirements. Main sources for short term finance are borrowing from banks, trade credit, installment credit and customer advances.

(b) Medium-term Finance:

Period of one year to five years are regarded as a medium- term. These are generally required for permanent working capital, small expansions, replace­ments, modifications etc. These can be raised by issue of shares and debentures, borrowing from banks and other financial institutions, ploughing back of profits.

(c) Long-term Finance:

Periods more than 5 years are regarded as long-terms. These are required for procuring fixed assets, for substantial expansion, modernisation etc. Important sources of long-term finance are issue of shares and debentures, loans from financial institu­tions and ploughing back of profits.

Sources of Finance :

The sources from which the entrepreneurs can meet their financial needs for their projects are grouped as:

(a) Internal source, and

(b) External source.

In addition, the entrepreneur raises his finance by availing of available subsidies, state aid to industries etc. A judicious mix of funds from these sources should be given priority.

(a) Internal Sources of Finance:

(i) Personal and family savings.

(ii) Loans from L.I.C. and Provident Fund Account.

(iii) Loans against assets like land and property.

(iv) Loans against shares and debentures.

(v) Loans from relatives and friends.

(b) External Sources:

Substantial amount is required by an enterprise to buy machinery and equipment and to purchase land and buildings.

These finances are generally arranged from following sources:

(i) Borrowing from Banks.

(ii) Term-lending from institutions like IDBI; IFCI, Industrial Development Corpora­tions etc.

(iii) From Government and Semi-Government agencies.

(iv) Other sources.

Institutional Finance :

Institutional finance is available for large, medium, small and tiny industries by commer­cial banks. Commercial banks include the State Bank of India group, nationalised banks, pri­vate sector banks and development corporations which have been especially established to pro­vide industrial finance.

In addition, the Reserve Bank of India gives credit guarantees and the ECGC gives export guarantees to the small-scale sector. Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI), by its refinance operations, plays a significant role in the promotion of the small scale- sector. The National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) offers financial assistance in the form of its hire-purchase schemes.

Besides, new institutions like mutual funds, lease companies, financial service institutions, investment companies, merchant banks etc. provide financial assistance and financial services to industries.

Essay # 8. Factors Essential for Successful Entrepreneurship:

The following aspects/factors are essential for successful entrepreneurship:

1. Regular inflow of information concerning consumers or buyers, distributors and dealers/retailers, transporters, etc., about raw materials, quality aspects, competitors, government organization and employees.

2. Aspects regarding satisfaction of consumer requirements.

5. Aspects concerning productivity improvement.

6. Quality maintenance.

7. Utilization of upto date technology.

8. To be innovative in view of competition.

10. Proper utilization of scrap or waste material.

11. Proper time management.

Essay # 9. Benefits of Entrepreneurship :

Entrepreneurship has following three benefits for society:

1. Economic Growth:

These provide economic upliftment of society and generate labour employment.

2. Productivity Improvement:

It helped in improving the productivity, which means the ability to produce more goods and services with less labour and other inputs.

3. New technologies, products and services:

It helps in promoting innovative tech­nologies, products and services.

Related Articles:

• Essay on Entrepreneurship | Management
• Essay on Entrepreneur: Top 8 Essays | Business Management
• Entrepreneurship: Compilation of Essays on Entrepreneurship
• 3 Special Challenges of Entrepreneurship | Business

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91 Social Entrepreneurship Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best social entrepreneurship topic ideas & essay examples, 📃 simple & easy social entrepreneurship essay titles, ⭐ interesting topics to write about social entrepreneurship, ❓ research questions about social entrepreneurship.

• Independent Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, and Social Entrepreneurship This paper examines the similarities and differences of independent entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, and social entrepreneurship. When it comes to the process, intrapreneurship and entrepreneurship are similar in terms of value creation and undertaking risks.
• IKEA Company’s Social Entrepreneurship One of the potential benefits to IKEA for operating a joint partnership is that it serves to integrate the resources of the partnering business entities, which in turn results in production and cost efficiencies. We will write a custom essay specifically for you by our professional experts 808 writers online Learn More
• Contemporary Issues Facing Social Entrepreneurship As a result, many organizations in the industrial sector have been made aware of the basic ways to facilitate efficiency and sustainability in resources use to enhance better performance both in the short-run and the […]
• Social and Eco-Entrepreneurship for Environment Social entrepreneurship is a field that deals with the recognition of social problems in society and using entrepreneurial concepts, operations, and processes to achieve a social change.
• Social entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know by Bornstein and Davis Social Entrepreneurship is Bornstein’s and Davis’ masterpiece that should interest anyone willing to create a social change in the society. Social entrepreneurship is all about creating a social change in the society.
• The DopePlus Social Entrepreneurship Majeed and Hwang contended that the importance of data-driven decision-making will grow as the world continues to navigate the challenges of the unprecedented crisis.
• Sun Tzu’s Social Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance Thus, one of the primary reasons to study competition in an attempt to gain a distinctive competence is to log all the successes and failures of the closest rivals.
• Social Entrepreneurship: Khan Academy Project In addition, in the context of the rapid growth of technology and lifestyle changes, entrepreneurship is also dynamically changing depending on the emerging opportunities and threats.
• Social Entrepreneurship Causing Change in Society Therefore, considering the stages of the social problem, it is argued that the appearance of social entrepreneurship belongs to the alternative stage when people attempt to bring change outside of the system.
• Aspects of Social Entrepreneurship Orientation The study conducted by Halberstadt et al.aimed to research the influence of social entrepreneurship orientation on the social entrepreneurial performance of startups and established firms.
• Social Entrepreneurship Definition Such a point of view allows social entrepreneurs to take more active control of the problem, especially if the effect of entrepreneurs trying to solve the problem is more detrimental than its absence.
• Essence and Examples of Social Entrepreneurship In this respect, Saudi social enterprises can contribute to Vision 2030 in the following way. Finally, it is possible for women to be leaders of social entrepreneurship in the Middle East.
• Social Entrepreneurship: Supporting Philanthropic Organizations The program attempts to provide a solution to the needy in underdeveloped countries. The program will be helpful to both the volunteer and the needy children.
• Social Entrepreneurship Propositions Impact on My Career Path Planning Summarizing all the sides and shades of the notion, it should be mentioned that the traits of a social entrepreneur would be useful in any kind of initiative.
• Tjanpi Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation Due to the fact that the aim of the social enterprise is to help the Aboriginal population remain in the locations, they have always lived in and preserve their unique culture, this proposal aims to […]
• Social Entrepreneurship: Al Radda Program for Prisoners The Al Radda program focuses on improving the welfare of prisoners and former prisoners by equipping them with valuable skills and resources that help them to engage in different economic activities.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Responsibility They evaluated the second half of the 20th century and came to the conclusion that high-growth environments presuppose the presence of structure and strategy.
• Freeplay Radio as a Social Entrepreneurship In the first place, one of the major difficulties was an increase in expenses and the rise of the production costs, as the target audience continued to emerge.
• Social Entrepreneurship Activity in Chautauqua County Social entrepreneurs who have these characteristics such as ethics and morality can be able to identify failed opportunities in the market and use their resources to revert the failed opportunities to successful ventures.
• Social Entrepreneurship Advancement in Chautauqua County We present social entrepreneur activities in Chautauqua County and focus on engagement strategies not-for-profit organizations should employ in solidifying their presence and improvement of the overall economic condition of the county.
• Social Entrepreneurship in the New York City The process of social entrepreneurship and its strategic goals for improving social welfare of the society harnesses a variety of capacities across different sectors which helps facilitate the initiation and maintenance of the activities.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Successful Entrepreneur To access it easily, one has to design the program in a way that compels the legions of imitators and replicators.
• Social Entrepreneurship and Social Change The positive externality theory assumes that the allocation of social entrepreneurship is largely for the benefit of the society and not targeted towards the profit analysis.
• Concept of Social Entrepreneurship in Modern Business Some of the factors that encouraged Gbowee to venture into the forums to fight for peace were triggered by the social injustices that used to happen.
• Social Entrepreneurship Ethical Issues Most social enterprises are geared towards uplifting the poor in society to earn a living that can give them a more decent lifestyle Economists define Bottom of the Pyramid as the lowest level of the […]
• Taking Social Entrepreneurship Seriously The current social and environmental conditions in the world demand that the level of social entrepreneurship to be improved as it is yet to get to the desired level.
• Innovation and Profit Motivations for Social Entrepreneurship: A Fuzzy-Set Analysis
• Linking Social Entrepreneurship and Social Change: The Mediating Role of Empowerment
• Corporate Social Entrepreneurship Specific to Knowledge Economy With a Focus on the Romanian Economic Context
• Applying the Social Entrepreneurship Concept of Commerce
• Kicking off Social Entrepreneurship: How a Sustainability Orientation Influences Crowdfunding Success?
• Organizing for Commons-Enabling Decision-Making Under Conflicting Institutional Logics in Social Entrepreneurship
• Chao Guo and Wolfgang Bielefeld: Social Entrepreneurship
• Social Entrepreneurship Competencies of Managers in Social Entrepreneurship Organizations in the Healthcare Sector
• Entrepreneurship Innovation and Uncertainty of Social Entrepreneurship Commerce
• CSR and Social Entrepreneurship: The Role of the European Union
• ‘Changing the System’: Compensatory vs. Transformative Social Entrepreneurship
• The Effect of Social Entrepreneurship, Co-decision, and Co-creation on the Embrace of Good Sustainable Development Practices
• Cultural Leadership Ideals and Social Entrepreneurship: An International Study
• Setting the Stage for Paradigm Development: A ‘Small-Tent’ Approach to Social Entrepreneurship
• How Can Social Entrepreneurship Solve the Problems in New Zealand?
• Academic Leadership and Social Capital in Universities Through Social Entrepreneurship
• Responsible Management Education: Active Learning Approaches Emphasising Sustainability and Social Entrepreneurship
• Boosting Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise Creation in the Republic of Serbia
• Bricolage, Effectuation and Causation Shifts Over Time in the Context of Social Entrepreneurship
• Collective Social Entrepreneurship: Collaboratively Shaping Social Good
• Inequality and Marginalisation: Social Innovation, Social Entrepreneurship, and Business Model Innovation
• Enabling the Original Intent: Catalysts for Social Entrepreneurship
• Organized Chaos: Mapping the Definitions of Social Entrepreneurship
• Social Entrepreneurship and Socio-Economic Development Analysis
• Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism: A Potential for Local Business Development
• Indigenous Social Entrepreneurship: The Gumatj Clan Enterprise in East Arnhem Land
• Addressing Development Through Social Entrepreneurship
• Corporate Social Entrepreneurship vs. Social Intrapreneurship: Same Idea, Different Trajectories
• Building Social Capital for Social Entrepreneurship
• Navigating Challenging Fitness Landscapes: Social Entrepreneurship and the Competing Dimensions of Sustainability
• Where Design Thinking Meets Social Media and Creates Civic Engagement and Social Entrepreneurship?
• Connecting the Dots for Social Value: A Review on Social Networks and Social Entrepreneurship
• Measuring Social Entrepreneurship and Social Value With Leakage: Definition, Analysis, and Policies for the Hospitality Industry
• Counting Our Losses: Social Entrepreneurship, Refugees and Urban Transformation in Turkey
• Differences Between Social Entrepreneurship and Traditional Business
• Conceptualizing Social Entrepreneurship: Perspectives From the Literature
• Islamic Gift Economy Vis-à-Vis Waqf (Endowment) As Vehicles for Social Entrepreneurship
• Social Entrepreneurship From an Institutional Perspective
• Full Employment Through Social Entrepreneurship: The Nonprofit Model for Implementing a Job Guarantee
• Can Social Entrepreneurship Researchers Learn From Family Business Scholarship?
• What Is Social Entrepreneurship and Why Is It Important?
• What Are the Benefits of Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Is Social Entrepreneurship in Simple Words?
• What Are Examples of Social Enterprises?
• What Is Social Entrepreneurship Skills?
• What Are the Factors of Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Are the Challenges of Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Are the Risks of Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Are the Opportunities of Social Entrepreneurship?
• Who Is Best Example of Social Entrepreneurship?
• What Is the Vision of Social Entrepreneurship?
• How Do You Identify a Social Entrepreneurship?
• Do Social Entrepreneurship Make Money?
• Why Do Social Entrepreneurship Fail?
• What Are the Disadvantages of Social Entrepreneurship?
• How Can Social Entrepreneurship Change the World?
• What Is the Main Goal of Social Entrepreneurship?
• How Do Social Entrepreneurship Help the Community?
• What Does Social Entrepreneurship Focus On?
• How Do Social Entrepreneurs Identify Opportunities?
• Can Social Entrepreneurship Survive Without Profit?
• What Are the Challenges Social Entrepreneurs Are Facing?
• How Can Social Entrepreneurs Become Successful?
• Can Social Entrepreneurship Solve Social Problems?
• How Does Social Entrepreneur Create Value?
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World Health Day 2024 - 'My health, my right’

April 7, 2024

Around the world, the right to health of millions is increasingly coming under threat.

Diseases and disasters loom large as causes of death and disability.

Conflicts are devastating lives, causing death, pain, hunger and psychological distress.

The burning of fossil fuels is simultaneously driving the climate crisis and taking away our right to breathe clean air, with indoor and outdoor air pollution claiming a life every 5 seconds.

The WHO Council on the Economics of Health for All has found that at least 140 countries recognize health as a human right in their constitution. Yet countries are not passing and putting into practice laws to ensure their populations are entitled to access health services. This underpins the fact that at least 4.5 billion people — more than half of the world’s population — were not fully covered by essential health services in 2021.

To address these types of challenges, the theme for World Health Day 2024 is  'My health, my right’.

This year’s theme was chosen to champion the right of everyone, everywhere to have access to quality health services, education, and information, as well as safe drinking water, clean air, good nutrition, quality housing, decent working and environmental conditions, and freedom from discrimination.

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Discussion Questions

How can ethics-based concepts such as truthfulness and fairness be integrated into the fabric of the organization?

How can we nurture an environment where each member of the organization develops and internalizes a moral compass?

Evaluate how an entrepreneurial business startup might benefit from the enforcement of antitrust laws against a large competitor.

Discuss ways in which intellectual property, such as trademarks, can add value to a small business. How would you protect your ability to monetize intellectual property?

In this section of the chapter, there is an example of a customer data breach via computer hacking. Discuss the biggest risks of storing customer or company information online. What are some of the steps you would take to prevent a data breach?

Can a social enterprise work on a social issue and at the same time be profitable?

How will you ensure that your organization learns to develop and deliver products and services that reduces your carbon footprint?

Referring to Table 3.3 listing cases of corporate fraud, which company example do you think is one of the worst examples of unethical conduct? Is this because it involved the most money stolen, the most people cheated, or the most devious methods?

If an entrepreneur values sustainability and environmental awareness, does that mean the bottom line will suffer? Alternatively, is there a way to protect the environment and still make a profit?

You have learned about B-corporations. If you started a new business, would you commit to the rather stringent audit process necessary to become a B-corporation? Why or why not?

How can an entrepreneur maximize the benefits of a diverse workforce to develop a competitive advantage?

How can you combat the negative impact of biases and prejudices in your organization?

What would you do, as an entrepreneur, to make your employees feel you value their input and that they are free to speak honestly?

Explain why diversity is something that should matter to an owner. What would you do to try to achieve it?

Some small entrepreneurs do not have the budget for a full-fledged human resources department; however, that makes compliance with employment laws challenging. What steps would you take to comply with federal and state employment law if you do not have a full-time attorney or human resources specialist on staff?

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Why Are China’s Nationalists Attacking the Country’s Heroes?

Online vitriol has targeted the country’s richest man, erasing billions of dollars of his company’s market value, despite Beijing’s courtship of entrepreneurs.

By Joy Dong and Vivian Wang

Joy Dong reported from Hong Kong and Vivian Wang reported from Beijing.

To get the economy back on track, China is trying to champion its domestic companies and reassure entrepreneurs that it’s ready for business.

Its efforts are running into a problem: an online army of Chinese nationalists who have taken it upon themselves to punish perceived insults to the country — including from some of China’s leading business figures.

In recent weeks, bloggers who usually rail against the United States have turned on China’s richest man, calling him unpatriotic, and encouraged boycotts that have wiped out billions from his beverage company’s market value. When fellow tycoons defended him, they were attacked as well, by users whose profiles featured photos of the Chinese flag.

As the fervor spread, social media users also hounded Huawei, the crown jewel of China’s tech industry, accusing it of secretly admiring Japan. Others accused a prestigious university of being too cozy with the United States, and demanded the works of a Nobel-winning Chinese author be removed from circulation for purportedly smearing national heroes.

The state has often encouraged such nationalist crusaders , deploying them to drum up support, deflect foreign criticism or distract from crises. Social media users have suggested that the coronavirus originated in an American lab, and staged boycotts against Western companies that criticized China’s human rights record. Self-styled patriotic influencers have made careers out of criticizing foreign countries.

But the encouragement has also pushed many users to try and outdo one another in nationalist outrage — to an extent that can sometimes escape the government’s control or undercut its broader aims. As the recent attacks grew, some state media outlets issued rare rebukes of the nationalist bloggers. Hu Xijin, a former Communist Party newspaper editor who is perhaps the most well-known online nationalist, also condemned the craze. Yet the barrage persisted.

“While nationalism and populism are quite useful tools, they are pretty dangerous as well,” said Yaoyao Dai, a professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte who has studied Chinese populism. “The government needs and wants to be the one that shapes the narrative. They cannot just give everyone this power to shape the narrative of who are ‘the people’ and who is ‘the enemy.’”

This time, many of the grievances seem to be fueled by a groundswell of discontent over China’s economic malaise, potentially making it harder for the authorities to turn the faucet of public anger off.

Some of those calling for boycotts of the drinks company, for instance, suggested it was focused more on profits than on the public good, amid high youth unemployment and disaffection with harsh corporate culture .

The attacks on the beverage company, Nongfu Spring, and its billionaire owner, Zhong Shanshan, began last month after the death of the founder of a rival drinks company called Wahaha.

The Wahaha founder, Zong Qinghou, had built a reputation for not firing workers, and offering housing and child care subsidies. After his death, some users began comparing Mr. Zong with Mr. Zhong of Nongfu, and asking why the latter did not show the same generosity.

But the attacks soon spiraled far beyond his business practices. Critics pointed out that Mr. Zhong’s eldest son held American citizenship, and declared the family traitors. Others said that the design of one of Nongfu’s drinks seemed to evoke Japanese imagery — a cardinal sin to nationalists, given China’s fraught history with Japan.

Still others seized on the fact that Nongfu had overseas shareholders, accusing it of enriching foreigners at the expense of China.

“In this current environment, when most people can’t make much money, they’ll be in a bad place, and they’ll resent the rich,” Rebecca Fei, a 35-year-old resident of Hangzhou, the eastern Chinese city where both drinks companies are headquartered, said in an interview. Ms. Fei had published social media posts praising Wahaha’s work culture and criticizing Nongfu Spring.

Around the world, anti-elite sentiments often go hand-in-hand with economic downturns. But China’s tightly controlled internet incentivizes users to blend that sentiment with aggressive nationalism. With Chinese censors deeming more and more topics off-limits, pro-China sentiment is one of the few reliably “safe” areas remaining.

The allure of making incendiary clickbait may be even stronger now amid the shortage of well-paying jobs, said Kun He, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands who studies China’s online populism. Some bloggers “take advantage of this populist sentiment to attract traffic for their own profit,” he said.

Online streamers began posting videos of themselves pouring Nongfu Spring water down the toilet. Several convenience stores declared that they would no longer stock its products. Nongfu’s stock value has fallen 8 percent since last month.

As the frenzy built, a state-owned newspaper in Hangzhou published an opinion piece calling on the public to treat entrepreneurs as “one of our own,” though it did not mention Nongfu Spring by name. The propaganda department of Zhejiang Province, of which Hangzhou is the capital, denounced bloggers who “damaged the normal economic order.”

The warnings had little effect. Other entrepreneurs who defended Nongfu found themselves attacked, too. Li Guoqing, the co-founder of Dangdang — once called China’s version of Amazon — urged social media users in a video to let businesspeople get back to business, only for commenters to point out that his son, too, was an American citizen. Mr. Li later deleted his video.

Nationalist furors often subside as quickly as they arise, and Mr. Zhong is still China’s richest person, with a net worth of over $60 billion . But the mania against Nongfu made clear how easily nationalists can descend upon targets other than those selected by the authorities.

Several more campaigns have recently taken aim at other storied institutions and figures, in spite of official efforts to dissuade them.

Some social media users have fumed that some graduates of Tsinghua University in Beijing, routinely ranked the country’s best, go on to study in the United States. They pledged not to send their own children there, even after a social media account tied to People’s Daily, the Communist Party mouthpiece, criticized the attacks as ill-founded.

Critics also rounded on Huawei, the tech giant, after a Weibo user posted that the company was suspicious, because it had named a line of chips Kirin, another unacceptable Japanese reference. The post, now deleted, appeared to be sarcastic. But as it went viral, some users earnestly took up the call to arms.

Then there was a man named Wu Wanzheng, who announced on Weibo last month that he had sued Mo Yan, the only Chinese national to win a Nobel in literature. Mr. Wu — whose social media username is Mao Xinghuo, in a nod to Mao Zedong — claimed that Mr. Mo had smeared the military and insulted Mao in his novels, which often depict the turbulence of 20th-century China. He requested that Mr. Mo’s books be removed from circulation.

Mr. Wu’s suit has not been taken up by a court, and his account on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, was recently banned. Hashtags about his lawsuit, after trending on Weibo, were censored.

Still, the authorities were wielding a relatively light touch, compared to how vigorously they have worked to silence any criticisms of Beijing’s economic policies . Attacks on Mr. Mo have continued, including by Mr. Wu, who declined an interview request, and other bloggers like Zhao Junsheng, a 67-year-old retired state company worker.

Mr. Zhao, whose videos attacking Mr. Mo have racked up more than 15,000 likes, admitted he had not read any of his novels. But he was disgusted by the idea that people might criticize Mao-era China, when workers had been taken care of. That time was just as important as China’s modern-day market economy, he said in an interview.

“I think they must have foreign forces behind them,” he said.

Joy Dong covers news in mainland China and Hong Kong. She is based in Hong Kong. @JoyDongHK More about Joy Dong

Vivian Wang is a China correspondent based in Beijing, where she writes about how the country’s global rise and ambitions are shaping the daily lives of its people. More about Vivian Wang