conceptual vs empirical research ppt

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Difference Between Conceptual and Empirical Research

The main difference between conceptual and empirical research is that conceptual research involves abstract ideas and concepts, whereas empirical research involves research based on observation, experiments and verifiable evidence.

Conceptual research and empirical research are two ways of doing scientific research. These are two opposing types of research frameworks since conceptual research doesn’t involve any experiments and empirical research does.

Key Areas Covered

1. What is Empirical Research     – Definition, Characteristics, Uses 2. What is Empirical Research     – Definition, Characteristics, Uses 3. What is the Difference Between Conceptual and Empirical Research     – Comparison of Key Differences

Conceptual Research, Empirical Research, Research

What is Conceptual Research?

Conceptual research is a type of research that is generally related to abstract ideas or concepts. It doesn’t particularly involve any practical experimentation. However, this type of research typically involves observing and analyzing information already present on a given topic. Philosophical research is a generally good example for conceptual research.

Conceptual research can be used to solve real-world problems. Conceptual frameworks, which are analytical tools researchers use in their studies, are based on conceptual research. Furthermore, these frameworks help to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas researchers need for research purposes.

Figure 2: Conceptual Framework

In simple words, a conceptual framework is the researcher’s synthesis of the literature (previous research studies) on how to explain a particular phenomenon. It explains the actions required in the course of the study based on the researcher’s observations on the subject of research as well as the knowledge gathered from previous studies.

What is Empirical Research?

Empirical research is basically a research that uses empirical evidence. Empirical evidence refers to evidence verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic. Thus, empirical research is research studies with conclusions based on empirical evidence. Moreover, empirical research studies are observable and measurable.

Empirical evidence can be gathered through qualitative research studies or quantitative research studies . Qualitative research methods gather non-numerical or non-statistical data. Thus, this type of studies helps to understand the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations behind something as well as to uncover trends in thought and opinions. Quantitative research studies, on the other hand, gather statistical data. These have the ability to quantify behaviours, opinions, or other defined variables. Moreover, a researcher can even use a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to find answers to his research questions .

Figure 2: Empirical Research Cycle

A.D. de Groot, a famous psychologist, came up with a cycle (figure 2) to explain the process of the empirical research process. Moreover, this cycle has five steps, each as important as the other. These steps include observation, induction, deduction, testing and evaluation.

Conceptual research is a type of research that is generally related to abstract ideas or concepts whereas empirical research is any research study where conclusions of the study are drawn from evidence verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.

Conceptual research involves abstract idea and concepts; however, it doesn’t involve any practical experiments. Empirical research, on the other hand, involves phenomena that are observable and measurable.

Type of Studies

Philosophical research studies are examples of conceptual research studies, whereas empirical research includes both quantitative and qualitative studies.

The main difference between conceptual and empirical research is that conceptual research involves abstract ideas and concepts whereas empirical research involves research based on observation, experiments and verifiable evidence.

1.“Empirical Research: Definition, Methods, Types and Examples.” QuestionPro, 14 Dec. 2018, Available here . 2. “Empirical Research.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Sept. 2019, Available here . 3.“Conceptual Research: Definition, Framework, Example and Advantages.” QuestionPro, 18 Sept. 2018, Available here. 4. Patrick. “Conceptual Framework: A Step-by-Step Guide on How to Make One.” SimplyEducate.Me, 4 Dec. 2018, Available here .

Image Courtesy:

1. “APM Conceptual Framework” By LarryDragich – Created for a Technical Management Counsel meeting Previously published: First published in APM Digest in March (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia 2. “Empirical Cycle” By Empirical_Cycle.png: TesseUndDaanderivative work: Beao (talk) – Empirical_Cycle.png (CC BY 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia

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Conceptual Research Vs Empirical Research?

Conceptual research.

Conceptual research is a technique wherein investigation is conducted by watching and analyzing already present data on a given point. Conceptual research does not include any viable tests. It is related to unique concepts or thoughts. Philosophers have long utilized conceptual research to create modern speculations or decipher existing hypotheses in a diverse light.

It doesn’t include viable experimentation, but the instep depends on analyzing accessible data on a given theme. Conceptual research has been broadly utilized within logic to create modern hypotheses, counter existing speculations, or distinctively decipher existing hypotheses. 

Today, conceptual research is utilized to answer business questions and fathom real-world problems. Researchers utilize explanatory apparatuses called conceptual systems to form conceptual refinements and organize thoughts required for investigation purposes.

Conceptual Research Framework

A conceptual research framework is built utilizing existing writing and studies from which inferences can be drawn. A conceptual research system constitutes a researcher’s combination of past research and related work and clarifies the phenomenon. The study is conducted to diminish the existing information gap on a specific theme and make important and dependable data available. 

The following steps can be taken to make a conceptual research framework:

Explain a topic for research

The primary step is to characterize the subject of your research. Most analysts will choose a topic relating to their field of expertise.

Collect and Organize relevant research

As conceptual research depends on pre-existing studies and writing, analysts must collect all important data relating to their point. It’s imperative to utilize dependable sources and information from scientific journals or investigate well-presumed papers. As conceptual research does not utilize experimentation and tests, the significance of analyzing dependable, fact-based information is reinforced.

Distinguish factors for the research

The other step is to choose important factors for their research. These factors will be the measuring sticks by which inductions will be drawn. They provide modern scope to inquire about and offer to help identify how distinctive factors may influence the subject of research.

Make the Framework 

The last step is to make the research framework by utilizing significant writing, factors, and other significant material. 

Advantages of Conceptual Research

It requires few resources compared to other types of market research where practical experimentation is required. This spares time and assets.

It is helpful as this form of investigation only requires the assessment of existing writing. 

Disadvantages of Conceptual Research

Speculations based on existing writing instead of experimentation and perception draw conclusions that are less fact-based and may not essentially be considered dependable.

Often, we see philosophical hypotheses being countered or changed since their conclusions or inferences are drawn from existing writings instead of practical experimentation. 

Empirical Research:

Empirical research is based on observed and established phenomena and determines information from real involvement instead of hypothesis or conviction. It derives knowledge from actual experiences. How do you know a study is empirical? Pay attention to the subheadings inside the article, book, or report and examine them to seek a depiction of the investigating “strategy.” Inquire yourself: Could I recreate this study and test these results?

Key characteristics to see for: 

• Specific research questions to be answered 
• Definition of the population, behavior, or wonders being studied 
• Description of the methods used to consider the population of the area of phenomena, including various aspects like choice criteria, controls, and testing instruments.

Empirical Research Framework:

Since empirical research is based on perception and capturing experiences, it is critical to arrange the steps to experiment and how to examine it. This will empower the analyst to resolve issues or obstacles amid the test.

• Define your purpose for this research:

This is often the step where the analyst must answer questions like what precisely I need to discover? What is the issue articulation? Are there any issues regarding the accessibility of knowledge, data, time, or assets? Will this research be more useful than what it’ll cost? Before going ahead, an analyst should characterize his reason for the investigation and plan to carry out assist tasks.

• Supporting theories and relevant literature:

The analyst should discover if some hypotheses can be connected to his research issue. He must figure out if any hypothesis can offer assistance in supporting his discoveries. All kinds of significant writing will offer assistance to the analyst to discover if others have researched this before. The analyst will also need to set up presumptions and also discover if there’s any history concerning his investigation issue

• Creation of Hypothesis and measurement:

Before starting the proper research related to his subject, he must give himself a working theory or figure out the probable result. The researcher has to set up factors, choose the environment for the research and find out how he can relate between the variables. The researcher will also need to characterize the units of estimations, tolerable degree for mistakes, and discover in the event that the estimation chosen will be approved by others.

• Methodology and data collection:

In this step, the analyst has to characterize a strategy for conducting his investigation. He must set up tests to gather the information that can empower him to propose the theory. The analyst will choose whether to require a test or non-test strategy for conducting the research. The research design will shift depending on the field in which the research is being conducted. Finally, the analyst will discover parameters that will influence the legitimacy of the research plan. The information collected will need to be done by choosing appropriate tests depending on the inquire-about address. To carry out the inquiry, he can utilize one of the numerous testing strategies. Once information collection is complete, the analyst will have experimental information which must be examined.

• Data Analysis and result:

Data analysis can be tried in two ways, qualitatively and quantitatively. The analyst will need to discover what subjective strategy or quantitative strategy will be required or will require a combination of both. Depending on the examination of his information, he will know if his speculation is backed or rejected. Analyzing this information is the foremost vital portion to bolster his speculation.

A report will need to be made with the discoveries of the research. The analyst can deliver the hypotheses and writing that support his investigation. He can make recommendations or suggestions to assist research on his subject

Advantages of empirical research

• Empirical research points to discover the meaning behind a specific phenomenon. In other words, it looks for answers to how and why something works the way it is. 
• By recognizing why something happens, it is conceivable to imitate or avoid comparative events. 
• The adaptability of the research permits the analysts to alter certain perspectives of the research and alter them to new objectives. 
• It is more dependable since it speaks to a real-life involvement and not fair theories. 
• Data collected through experimental research may be less biased since the analyst is there amid the collection handle. In contrast, it is incomprehensible to confirm the precision of the information in non-empirical research.

Disadvantages of empirical research

• It can be time-consuming depending on the research subject that you have chosen. 
• It isn’t a cost-effective way of information collection in most cases because of the viable costly strategies of information gathering. Additionally, it may require traveling between numerous locations. 
• Lack of proof and research subjects may not surrender the required result. A little test estimate avoids generalization since it may not be enough to speak to the target audience.
• It isn’t easy to induce data on touchy points. Additionally, analysts may require participants’ consent to utilize the data

Difference Between Conceptual and Empirical Research

Conceptual research and empirical research are two ways of doing logical research. These are two restricting investigation systems since conceptual research doesn’t include any tests, and empirical investigation does.

Conceptual research includes unique thoughts and ideas; as it may, it doesn’t include any experiments and tests. Empirical research, on the other hand, includes phenomena that are observable and can be measured.

• Type of Studies:

Philosophical research studies are cases of conceptual research, while empirical research incorporates both quantitative and subjective studies.

The major difference between conceptual and empirical investigation is that conceptual research involves unique thoughts and ideas, though experimental investigation includes investigation based on perception, tests, and unquestionable evidence.

References:

• Empirical Research: Advantages, Drawbacks, and Differences with Non-Empirical Research. In Voicedocs . Retrieved from https://voicedocs.com/en/blog/empirical-research-advantages-drawbacks-and-differences-non-empirical-research
• Empirical Research: Definition, Methods, Types and Examples. In QuestionPro . Retrieved from https://www.questionpro.com/blog/empirical-research/
• Conceptual vs. empirical research: which is better? In Enago Academy . Retrieved from https://www.enago.com/academy/conceptual-vs-empirical-research-which-is-better/

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Conceptual vs. Empirical

What's the difference.

Conceptual and empirical are two different approaches used in research and analysis. Conceptual refers to ideas, theories, and concepts that are based on abstract thinking and reasoning. It involves developing a theoretical framework and understanding the relationships between different variables or concepts. On the other hand, empirical refers to the collection and analysis of data through observation or experimentation. It involves gathering real-world evidence and using statistical methods to draw conclusions. While conceptual research focuses on developing theories and understanding concepts, empirical research focuses on testing and validating those theories through data analysis. Both approaches are important in their own ways and often complement each other in research studies.

Further Detail

Introduction.

Conceptual and empirical are two fundamental approaches used in various fields of study, including philosophy, science, and research. While both approaches aim to gain knowledge and understanding, they differ in their methods and sources of information. In this article, we will explore the attributes of conceptual and empirical approaches, highlighting their strengths and limitations.

Conceptual Approach

The conceptual approach primarily relies on abstract ideas, theories, and concepts to understand and explain phenomena. It focuses on the theoretical framework and uses deductive reasoning to draw conclusions. Conceptual analysis involves breaking down complex ideas into simpler components and examining their relationships.

One of the key attributes of the conceptual approach is its flexibility. It allows researchers to explore ideas and concepts that may not be directly observable or measurable. This flexibility enables the development of new theories and frameworks, expanding our understanding of various subjects.

Furthermore, the conceptual approach encourages critical thinking and creativity. Researchers can propose new ideas and challenge existing theories, leading to innovation and advancement in their respective fields. It also allows for the exploration of hypothetical scenarios and thought experiments, which can provide valuable insights.

However, the conceptual approach has its limitations. Since it relies heavily on abstract ideas, it may lack empirical evidence to support its claims. This can lead to subjective interpretations and potential biases. Additionally, the conceptual approach may struggle to provide concrete predictions or practical applications without empirical validation.

Empirical Approach

The empirical approach, on the other hand, emphasizes the collection and analysis of observable data to draw conclusions. It relies on direct observation, experimentation, and measurement to test hypotheses and theories. Empirical research aims to provide objective and verifiable evidence to support or refute claims.

One of the key attributes of the empirical approach is its emphasis on objectivity. By relying on observable data, it aims to minimize biases and subjective interpretations. This allows for the replication of experiments and studies, enhancing the reliability and validity of the findings.

Moreover, the empirical approach provides a solid foundation for evidence-based decision making. It enables researchers to gather data from real-world scenarios and draw conclusions based on actual observations. This practical application makes the empirical approach highly valuable in fields such as medicine, psychology, and social sciences.

However, the empirical approach also has its limitations. It may not capture the full complexity of certain phenomena, as some aspects may be difficult to measure or observe directly. Additionally, empirical research often requires significant resources, time, and effort to collect and analyze data, which can limit the scope and feasibility of certain studies.

Comparing Conceptual and Empirical

While the conceptual and empirical approaches have distinct attributes, they are not mutually exclusive. In fact, they often complement each other in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding.

Conceptual and empirical approaches can be seen as two sides of the same coin. The conceptual approach provides the theoretical framework and ideas, while the empirical approach tests and validates these concepts through observation and measurement.

By combining the strengths of both approaches, researchers can develop comprehensive and robust theories. The conceptual approach allows for the exploration of new ideas and the development of theoretical frameworks, while the empirical approach provides the necessary evidence to support or refute these concepts.

Furthermore, the integration of conceptual and empirical approaches can lead to a more holistic understanding of complex phenomena. The conceptual approach helps researchers identify relevant variables and relationships, guiding the design of empirical studies. The empirical approach, in turn, provides data that can refine and improve conceptual frameworks.

It is important to note that the choice between the conceptual and empirical approaches depends on the research question, the nature of the subject under investigation, and the available resources. Some research questions may require a more theoretical and conceptual analysis, while others may necessitate empirical data collection and experimentation.

Conceptual and empirical approaches are two distinct but interconnected methods used in various fields of study. While the conceptual approach relies on abstract ideas and theories, the empirical approach emphasizes the collection and analysis of observable data. Both approaches have their strengths and limitations, and their integration can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of complex phenomena.

Researchers should carefully consider the attributes of both approaches and choose the most appropriate method based on their research question and objectives. By utilizing the strengths of both conceptual and empirical approaches, researchers can contribute to the advancement of knowledge and make meaningful contributions to their respective fields.

Comparisons may contain inaccurate information about people, places, or facts. Please report any issues.

A Framework for Undertaking Conceptual and Empirical Research

• First Online: 28 September 2017

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• Susanne Wiatr Borg 3 &
• Louise Young 3 , 4  

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Marketing scholars have repeatedly called for more conceptual work. Despite this, the number of conceptual contributions within the discipline of marketing is declining. This chapter argues that one strategy to change this is development of methodological frameworks that can guide and accredit the creation of conceptual scientific knowledge. This chapter offers a framework—the Conceptual and Empirical Research ( CER) model—to guide c onceptual and e mpirical research. The model consists of three embedded layers—ultimate presumptions, abductive logic and research design, which describe and interrelate the processes of conceptual as well as empirical research and show how knowledge creation is an emergent process. A range of conceptual research strategies are proposed that facilitate both the discovery and justification of conceptual insights.

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Borg, S.W., Young, L. (2018). A Framework for Undertaking Conceptual and Empirical Research. In: Freytag, P., Young, L. (eds) Collaborative Research Design. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5008-4_4

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Research Methodology PPT | Presentation | PDF

Research Methodology PPT |Presentation | PDF: Generally, research is a search for apprehension and research is also explained as a systematic search and a scientific search for data on a particular topic. In other words, research is also called as a skill of scientific investigation. It is a technical term and an academic activity which collects information, organize information and evaluate information. Well, research is a genuine contribution to the present apprehension for its development.

Objectives of Research:

Research discover solutions to problems by applying the procedures of science, the important objective of the research is to discover the hidden truth. Distinct studies of research have distinct objectives and few common objectives are as follows:

• The foremost objective is to achieve thorough knowledge and also understanding with an observed circumstance.
• The second one is to define the frequency of distinct things.
• The next is to test a statement which is assumed to be genuine and that statement is about the casual relationship between variables.
• The last one is to accurately describe the characteristics of a specific individual or a group or a situation.

Research Proposal PPT: Definition and Components

Types of Research:

There are five important types of research and those are as follows:

• Descriptive vs. Analytical
• Applied vs. Fundamental
• Quantitative vs. Qualitative
• Conceptual vs. Empirical
• Few other types of research
• Descriptive vs. Analytical: the surveys and fact-finding investigations of distinct types come under descriptive research. In analytical research, a researcher has to avail data which already exists and has to make an accurate evaluation.
• Applied vs. Fundamental: the objectives of the applied research are to search an answer for the difficulty which is facing by a firm or a society. Theory’s formulation and interference of general principles with particulars are related to fundamental research. The feature of collecting knowledge for the sake of knowledge is best suited to fundamental research.
• Quantitative vs. Qualitative: quantitative measurement of few characteristics which are explained in quantities is nothing but the quantitative research. Well, qualitative research is related to the parameter of quality.

Fig1: Qualitative Information Collections Tools

Fig2: Quantitative Information Collection Tools

 4. Conceptual vs. Empirical: the conceptual research is concerned with ideas and theories. Empirical research is perfect when we have the proof which explains that few variables generate a change on other variables in some way or the other.

Marketing Strategy PPT and PDF Free

 5. Few other types of research: Other research type includes few changes when compared with the types of research explained above and those changes occur by depending on the current conditions. So, in this category we can think of the following research:

• Longitudinal research
• Laboratory research
• Simulation research
• Diagnostic research
• Historical research

The Significance of Research:

Few vital avenues of research are as follows:

• The foremost importance of research is that the research on present concepts and theories aid to recognize the applications and range of them.
• It furnishes guidelines for solving difficulties.
• It plays a vital role in business and in industries to increase gain and productivity and also to enhance the quality of goods.
• It leads to the recognizing of modern materials, modern living things and much more.
• The social research aids in searching solutions to social difficulties.
• Research leads to the modern lifestyle and fills it with glory and happiness.

Marketing Research Seminar pdf Report and ppt

Research Methodology:

Research methodology is nothing but a systematic way of solving a difficulty. It is the science which studies about carried out procedures of research like describing the research work, explaining the research work and also predicting. All these parameters together are called as a research methodology. It is also explained as a method of study through which we can gain knowledge. Its main objective is to give a work plan about research.

The Importance of Research Methodology:

Designing a methodology is necessary for the difficulty which is going to be solved and the researcher has to do this thing. Research methodology is important because researcher should not only know about the problem but also about the method of solving it. The below points explain us the role of methodology in solving the difficulty, they are:

• It aids in selecting the best method to solve the problem.
• It tells about the output of selected method and its accuracy.
• It aids in knowing the efficiency of the method.

Also See: 14 Principles of Management PPT and PDF

Various Stages of Research:

The various stages involved in research are as below:

• Selecting the topic of research
• Explaining the research problem
• Survey of literature
• Reference collection
• Assessment of present status of selected topic
• Hypotheses and its formulation
• Design of research
• Real investigation
• Analysis of information
• Result’s interpretation
• Report of research

Sociology PPT: Definition, Types, Advantages and Disadvantages

  Content of PDF for Research Methodology PPT Presentation

• Introduction
• What is Research Methodology
• Research Methods
• Data Analysis Methods 
• Why do research?
• Nature of Research
• What is ‘not’ Research?
• Stages of the research process
• Disadvantages

Here we are giving you Research Methodology PPT with PDF. All you need to do is just click on the download link and get it.

Research Methodology PPT Free Download

Research Methodology PDF Free Download

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Empirical Vs. Conceptual Research

According to ORI, research is defined as the process of discovering new knowledge. Using observations and scientific methods, researchers arrive at a hypothesis, test that hypothesis, and make a conclusion based on the key findings. Scientific research can be divided into empirical and conceptual research. However, modern science combines techniques from both types of research.

To know the difference between empirical and conceptual research, click here .

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